Political Science - Exam 1 2025 Questions
and Answers
Politics - ANSWER✔✔-A political system that puts selection of policymakers and policy in the
hands of the people
Federalists - ANSWER✔✔-those who favored a strong national government and supported the
Constitution proposed at the American Constitutional Convention of 1787 **Alexander Hamilton
Anti-federalists - ANSWER✔✔-those who favored strong state governments and a weak national
government and who were opponents of the Constitution proposed at the American Constitutional
Convention of 1787 ** Thomas Jefferson
articles of confederation - ANSWER✔✔-America's first written constitution; served as the basis for
America's national government until 1789
Purpose: established a central administrative/political mechanism to handle primarily the business of
war with the British (declare war/peace, make treaties, borrow money, raise a military force,
establish weight-measurements-postal service)
Shortcomings: Couldn't collect taxes, no national court system, powerless to regulate inter-colonial
trade, no strong executive to enforce laws and policies, no strong central government
popular consent - ANSWER✔✔-the people agree to be governed by a government of their choice
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Locke's Second Treatise on Civil Government - ANSWER✔✔-Identifies natural laws: life, liberty,
property
Role of government is to protect people & people agree to abide by decisions made by the majority
vote.
Consent of the people, popular consent & popular sovereignty, is only true basis of any government.
Factors that contributed to a democratic model of government - ANSWER✔✔-1) Western Political
Philosophy
2) English Government Examples
3) Colonial Experiences
The 4 OFFICIAL ways the Constitution can be amended - ANSWER✔✔-1) Article 5: 2/3 of
congress approves --> ratified/adopted by 3/4 of state legislatures **Most popular
2)Article 5: 2/3 of congress approves --> ratified/adopted by amendment conventions of 3/4 of
states (used once)
3) Amendment is proposed by national constitutional conventions requested by 2/3 of state
legislature -->ratified by 3/4 of states (never used)
4) Amendment is proposed the same way -->ratified by state constitutional conventions in 3/4 if
states (never used)
The 4 UNOFFICIAL ways the Constitution can be amended - ANSWER✔✔-1) Supreme Court
decisions
2) Legislative Actions/Laws
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
and Answers
Politics - ANSWER✔✔-A political system that puts selection of policymakers and policy in the
hands of the people
Federalists - ANSWER✔✔-those who favored a strong national government and supported the
Constitution proposed at the American Constitutional Convention of 1787 **Alexander Hamilton
Anti-federalists - ANSWER✔✔-those who favored strong state governments and a weak national
government and who were opponents of the Constitution proposed at the American Constitutional
Convention of 1787 ** Thomas Jefferson
articles of confederation - ANSWER✔✔-America's first written constitution; served as the basis for
America's national government until 1789
Purpose: established a central administrative/political mechanism to handle primarily the business of
war with the British (declare war/peace, make treaties, borrow money, raise a military force,
establish weight-measurements-postal service)
Shortcomings: Couldn't collect taxes, no national court system, powerless to regulate inter-colonial
trade, no strong executive to enforce laws and policies, no strong central government
popular consent - ANSWER✔✔-the people agree to be governed by a government of their choice
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Locke's Second Treatise on Civil Government - ANSWER✔✔-Identifies natural laws: life, liberty,
property
Role of government is to protect people & people agree to abide by decisions made by the majority
vote.
Consent of the people, popular consent & popular sovereignty, is only true basis of any government.
Factors that contributed to a democratic model of government - ANSWER✔✔-1) Western Political
Philosophy
2) English Government Examples
3) Colonial Experiences
The 4 OFFICIAL ways the Constitution can be amended - ANSWER✔✔-1) Article 5: 2/3 of
congress approves --> ratified/adopted by 3/4 of state legislatures **Most popular
2)Article 5: 2/3 of congress approves --> ratified/adopted by amendment conventions of 3/4 of
states (used once)
3) Amendment is proposed by national constitutional conventions requested by 2/3 of state
legislature -->ratified by 3/4 of states (never used)
4) Amendment is proposed the same way -->ratified by state constitutional conventions in 3/4 if
states (never used)
The 4 UNOFFICIAL ways the Constitution can be amended - ANSWER✔✔-1) Supreme Court
decisions
2) Legislative Actions/Laws
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
