PALS - Red Cross Final Exam 2025
Questions and Answers
Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is diaphoretic,
tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to determine the adequacy of
oxygen delivery? - ANSWER✔✔-Lactate
A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT).
During which step of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic TICLS to assess the patient? -
ANSWER✔✔-Appearance
A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following ECG
waveform. The provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating which type of
arrhythmia? - ANSWER✔✔-Supraventricular tachycardia
A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac arrest. When
preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for the team to take? -
ANSWER✔✔-Estimate weight using a length-based resuscitation tape.
A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate
and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as indicating which condition? -
ANSWER✔✔-Respiratory failure
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, A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory
distress. The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional
intervention is a critical component of airway management for this patient? - ANSWER✔✔-Airway
clearance
An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant respiratory distress.
The child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema, tachycardia and tachypnea. The parents state
that the child, who is allergic to peanuts, had eaten some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team
initiates care, preparing to administer which agent first? - ANSWER✔✔-Epinephrine
A 12-lead ECG is ordered for a child complaining of a "racing heart." When placing the electrodes
on the child, at which location would the lead for V4 be placed? - ANSWER✔✔-Fifth intercostal
space at midclavicular line, left side
A 10-year-old child has collapsed in the gym of the elementary school. The school nurse arrives and
determines that the child is unresponsive. The school nurse then simultaneously checks for
breathing and a central pulse, limiting this assessment to which time frame? - ANSWER✔✔-At least
5 seconds, but no more than 10
A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s) would the
provider administer? - ANSWER✔✔-1. Racemic epinephrine
2. Corticosteroids
A child is experiencing shock. The emergency response team prepares for imminent cardiac arrest
when assessment reveals which finding(s)? - ANSWER✔✔-1. Bradycardia
2. Diminished central pulses
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
Questions and Answers
Laboratory tests are ordered for a child who has been vomiting for 3 days and is diaphoretic,
tachypneic, lethargic and pale. Which test would the provider use to determine the adequacy of
oxygen delivery? - ANSWER✔✔-Lactate
A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT).
During which step of the PAT may the provider use the mnemonic TICLS to assess the patient? -
ANSWER✔✔-Appearance
A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following ECG
waveform. The provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating which type of
arrhythmia? - ANSWER✔✔-Supraventricular tachycardia
A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac arrest. When
preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for the team to take? -
ANSWER✔✔-Estimate weight using a length-based resuscitation tape.
A 9-year-old patient is presenting with decreased breath sounds, bradycardia, slowed respiratory rate
and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these findings as indicating which condition? -
ANSWER✔✔-Respiratory failure
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory
distress. The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional
intervention is a critical component of airway management for this patient? - ANSWER✔✔-Airway
clearance
An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant respiratory distress.
The child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema, tachycardia and tachypnea. The parents state
that the child, who is allergic to peanuts, had eaten some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team
initiates care, preparing to administer which agent first? - ANSWER✔✔-Epinephrine
A 12-lead ECG is ordered for a child complaining of a "racing heart." When placing the electrodes
on the child, at which location would the lead for V4 be placed? - ANSWER✔✔-Fifth intercostal
space at midclavicular line, left side
A 10-year-old child has collapsed in the gym of the elementary school. The school nurse arrives and
determines that the child is unresponsive. The school nurse then simultaneously checks for
breathing and a central pulse, limiting this assessment to which time frame? - ANSWER✔✔-At least
5 seconds, but no more than 10
A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s) would the
provider administer? - ANSWER✔✔-1. Racemic epinephrine
2. Corticosteroids
A child is experiencing shock. The emergency response team prepares for imminent cardiac arrest
when assessment reveals which finding(s)? - ANSWER✔✔-1. Bradycardia
2. Diminished central pulses
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
