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Respiration and Spirometry Notes :
Gas Laws is the movement of gases in the respiratory system relies on some basic gas laws.
Boyle’s Law is the law of a gas is inverse to the pressure acting on it.
Charle’s law is the law of a gas is proportional to the temperature of it.
Dalton’s law is the pressure of mixed gases is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas.
Henry’s Law is the quantity of gas that will dissolve into a liquid is proportional to:
Partial pressure of a gas.
And
The solubility of that specific gas.
PEF = Peak Expiratory flow.
Examples of each gas law:
➔ The air within the sealed bottle has been crushed by increased external pressure
underwater.
➔ The expansion of gases within the balloon of a hot air balloon.
➔ Air pressure of a mixed gas is the sum of the individual partial pressure of gases within it.
➔ The bubbles coming out of suspension due to the decrease in atmospheric pressure.
What factors control the exhalation of air during PEF?
Lung compliance, the elastic recoil of the chest wall and lungs, which is governed by elastic fibres
stretched during inhalation and inward pull of surface tension of the alveolar fluid. Also key for
forceful exhalation is the accessory muscles of respiration (abdominal muscles, intercostals etc).
Why might height, age and gender influence normative values for PEF?
- Taller individuals have larger lungs.
- Females lungs are 10-12% smaller than males of the same height and age.
- Aging involves a loss of elastically of the lungs, total volume and thus PEF.
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Respiration and Spirometry Notes :
Gas Laws is the movement of gases in the respiratory system relies on some basic gas laws.
Boyle’s Law is the law of a gas is inverse to the pressure acting on it.
Charle’s law is the law of a gas is proportional to the temperature of it.
Dalton’s law is the pressure of mixed gases is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas.
Henry’s Law is the quantity of gas that will dissolve into a liquid is proportional to:
Partial pressure of a gas.
And
The solubility of that specific gas.
PEF = Peak Expiratory flow.
Examples of each gas law:
➔ The air within the sealed bottle has been crushed by increased external pressure
underwater.
➔ The expansion of gases within the balloon of a hot air balloon.
➔ Air pressure of a mixed gas is the sum of the individual partial pressure of gases within it.
➔ The bubbles coming out of suspension due to the decrease in atmospheric pressure.
What factors control the exhalation of air during PEF?
Lung compliance, the elastic recoil of the chest wall and lungs, which is governed by elastic fibres
stretched during inhalation and inward pull of surface tension of the alveolar fluid. Also key for
forceful exhalation is the accessory muscles of respiration (abdominal muscles, intercostals etc).
Why might height, age and gender influence normative values for PEF?
- Taller individuals have larger lungs.
- Females lungs are 10-12% smaller than males of the same height and age.
- Aging involves a loss of elastically of the lungs, total volume and thus PEF.
Find more resources on this topic on
