NCMA 219 LEC MIDTERMS
REVIEWER 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
High-risk neonate - ANSWER✔✔-is a NB, regardless of gestational age or birth weight, who has a
greater-than-average chance of mortality or morbidity, usually because of conditions beyond the
normal events related to birth and the adjustment to extrauterine life.
High-risk period - ANSWER✔✔-begins at the time of viability up to 28 days after birth and
includes threats to life and health that occur during the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods
Low-birth-weight (LBW) infant - ANSWER✔✔-whose BW is less than 2,500 g (5.5 lb), regardless
of GA
Very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infant - ANSWER✔✔-whose BW is less than 1,500 g (3.3 lb)
Extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infant - ANSWER✔✔-whose BW is less than 1000 g (2.2 lb)
Appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) infant - ANSWER✔✔-whose weight fall between the 10th
and 90th percentiles on intrauterine growth curves
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Small-for-date (SFD) or small-forgestational age (SGA) infant - ANSWER✔✔-whose rate of
intrauterine growth was slowed and whose BW falls below the 10th percentile on intrauterine
growth curves
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) - ANSWER✔✔-found in infants whose intrauterine growth
is restricted (sometimes used as a more descriptive term for the SGA infant)
Large-for-gestational age (LGA) - ANSWER✔✔-infant whose BW falls above the 90th percentile
on intrauterine growth charts
Preterm (premature) infant - ANSWER✔✔-An infant born before completion of 37 weeks of
gestation, regardless of birth weight.
Full-term infant - ANSWER✔✔-An infant born between the beginning of 38 weeks and the
completion of 42 weeks of gestation, regardless of birth weight.
Post-term (post mature) infant - ANSWER✔✔-An infant born after 42 weeks of gestational age,
regardless of birth weight.
Late-preterm infant - ANSWER✔✔-An infant born between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation,
regardless of birth weight.
Live birth - ANSWER✔✔-Birth in which the neonate manifests any heartbeat, breathes, or displays
voluntary movement, regardless of gestational age.
Fetal death - ANSWER✔✔-Death of the fetus after 20 weeks of gestation and before delivery, with
absence of any signs of life after birth.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Neonatal death - ANSWER✔✔-Death that occurs in the first 27 days of life; early neonatal death
occurs in the first week of life; late neonatal death occurs at 7 to 27 days
Perinatal mortality - ANSWER✔✔-Describes the total number of fetal and early neonatal deaths per
1000 live births.
Postnatal death - ANSWER✔✔-Death that occurs at 28 days to 1 year after birth.
APGAR score of 8-10 indicates? - ANSWER✔✔-No intervention required except to support NB's
spontaneous efforts
APGAR score of 4-7 indicates? - ANSWER✔✔-Stimulate; rub NB's back; administer oxygen to
NB; rescore at specific intervals
APGAR score of 0-3 indicates? - ANSWER✔✔-NB requires full resuscitation at specific
intervals
PRETERM NURSING INTERVENTION - ANSWER✔✔-Monitor VS q2- q3 hours.
Maintain airway and cardiopulmonary functions. Administer oxygen and humidification as
prescribed. Monitor I and O and electrolyte balance. Monitor daily weight.
Maintain the NB in a warming device. Avoid exposure to infections.
Post term infant characteristics - ANSWER✔✔-absence of lanugo
little if any vernix caseosa
abundant scalp hair
and long fingernails.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
REVIEWER 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
High-risk neonate - ANSWER✔✔-is a NB, regardless of gestational age or birth weight, who has a
greater-than-average chance of mortality or morbidity, usually because of conditions beyond the
normal events related to birth and the adjustment to extrauterine life.
High-risk period - ANSWER✔✔-begins at the time of viability up to 28 days after birth and
includes threats to life and health that occur during the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods
Low-birth-weight (LBW) infant - ANSWER✔✔-whose BW is less than 2,500 g (5.5 lb), regardless
of GA
Very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infant - ANSWER✔✔-whose BW is less than 1,500 g (3.3 lb)
Extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infant - ANSWER✔✔-whose BW is less than 1000 g (2.2 lb)
Appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) infant - ANSWER✔✔-whose weight fall between the 10th
and 90th percentiles on intrauterine growth curves
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Small-for-date (SFD) or small-forgestational age (SGA) infant - ANSWER✔✔-whose rate of
intrauterine growth was slowed and whose BW falls below the 10th percentile on intrauterine
growth curves
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) - ANSWER✔✔-found in infants whose intrauterine growth
is restricted (sometimes used as a more descriptive term for the SGA infant)
Large-for-gestational age (LGA) - ANSWER✔✔-infant whose BW falls above the 90th percentile
on intrauterine growth charts
Preterm (premature) infant - ANSWER✔✔-An infant born before completion of 37 weeks of
gestation, regardless of birth weight.
Full-term infant - ANSWER✔✔-An infant born between the beginning of 38 weeks and the
completion of 42 weeks of gestation, regardless of birth weight.
Post-term (post mature) infant - ANSWER✔✔-An infant born after 42 weeks of gestational age,
regardless of birth weight.
Late-preterm infant - ANSWER✔✔-An infant born between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation,
regardless of birth weight.
Live birth - ANSWER✔✔-Birth in which the neonate manifests any heartbeat, breathes, or displays
voluntary movement, regardless of gestational age.
Fetal death - ANSWER✔✔-Death of the fetus after 20 weeks of gestation and before delivery, with
absence of any signs of life after birth.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Neonatal death - ANSWER✔✔-Death that occurs in the first 27 days of life; early neonatal death
occurs in the first week of life; late neonatal death occurs at 7 to 27 days
Perinatal mortality - ANSWER✔✔-Describes the total number of fetal and early neonatal deaths per
1000 live births.
Postnatal death - ANSWER✔✔-Death that occurs at 28 days to 1 year after birth.
APGAR score of 8-10 indicates? - ANSWER✔✔-No intervention required except to support NB's
spontaneous efforts
APGAR score of 4-7 indicates? - ANSWER✔✔-Stimulate; rub NB's back; administer oxygen to
NB; rescore at specific intervals
APGAR score of 0-3 indicates? - ANSWER✔✔-NB requires full resuscitation at specific
intervals
PRETERM NURSING INTERVENTION - ANSWER✔✔-Monitor VS q2- q3 hours.
Maintain airway and cardiopulmonary functions. Administer oxygen and humidification as
prescribed. Monitor I and O and electrolyte balance. Monitor daily weight.
Maintain the NB in a warming device. Avoid exposure to infections.
Post term infant characteristics - ANSWER✔✔-absence of lanugo
little if any vernix caseosa
abundant scalp hair
and long fingernails.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
