Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th Edition Test bank/Study Guide

Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide
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,Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide mi mi mi mi




Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology mi mi




Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide
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Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission mi mi mi


MULTIPLE CHOICE mi


1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is
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a chemical disorder. What does she mean? The nurses response is based on the th
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eorythat depression primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
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a. Cortisol and GABA mi mi




b. COMT and glutamate mi mi




c. Monamine and glycine mi mi




d. Serotonin and norepinephrine mi mi



ANS: D mi


One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitte
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rs.Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation o
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f depression. There is no research to support that the other options play a significan
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t role in the development of depression.
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2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted
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indamage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce
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thisdiagnosis?
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a. Observing the patient pick up a spoon mi mi mi mi mi mi




b. Asking the patient to recite the alphabet
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c. Monitoring the patients blood pressure mi mi mi mi




d. Comparing the patients grip strength in both hands mi mi mi mi mi mi mi



ANS: B mi


Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.
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e.,motor aphasia). Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle strength are
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notcontrolled by the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
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3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are
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always prescribed by the doctor. The nurses answer will be based on information t
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hatthe therapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
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a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area mi mi mi mi mi




b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses
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c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
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d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
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,Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
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Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide mi mi mi mi




ANS: C mi


Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic cl
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eftand have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophren
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ia, on dopamine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the peri
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pheral nervous system are not relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic medic
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ations.
4. A student nurse mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to struggle wi
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thunderstanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor
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would base a response on the understanding that it is:
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Necessary but generally for psychiatric nurses who focus primarily o mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi


a. nbehavioral interventions m
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A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric nurses frequently u
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b. sein their practice
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Important primarily for the nursing assessment of patients with brai
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c. ntraumacaused cognitive symptoms
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Necessary for planning psychiatric care for all patients especially tho mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi


d. seexperiencing psychiatric disorders m
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ANS: D mi


Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a neuro
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logic basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This understandin
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g facilitates effective care planning. The foundation of knowledge is notused exclu
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sively by advanced practice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for only behavior t
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herapies or brain trauma since dealing with the results of normal and abnormal bra
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in function is a responsibility of all nurses providing all types of care tothe psychia
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tric patient. mi


5. A patient asks the nurse, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by
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herchronic depression? Which response is supported by research data?
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a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer.
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b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
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c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
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d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the body
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ANS: C mi


Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-
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releasing factors that suppress the immune system. Studies indicate that psychiatric
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disorders such as mooddisorders are sometimes associated with decreased functionin
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g of the immune system.Research does not support a connection between many can
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cers and stress. There is a significant amount of research about stress and the body.
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Research has shown that there are some connections between stress and physical di
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sease.

, Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
mi mi mi mi mi mi mi



Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide mi mi mi mi




6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric rehabil
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itation needs. Of the aspects of functioning listed, which will the nurse identifyas a
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focus of nursing intervention?
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a. Expression of emotion mi mi




b. Detecting auditory stimuli mi mi




c. Receiving visual images mi mi




d. Processing associations mi



ANS: D mi


The parietal lobe is responsible for associating and processing sensory information t
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hat allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock, dre
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ssing self, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional expr
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ession is associated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is a tempo
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ral lobe function. Receiving visual images is related to occipital lobe function.
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7. At admission, the nurse learns that some time ago the patient had an infarct in t
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heright cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that th
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e patient:
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a. Demonstrates major deficiencies in speech mi mi mi mi




b. Is unable to effectively hold a spoon in the left hand
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c. Has difficulty explaining how to go about using the telephone
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d. Cannot use his right hand to shave himself or comb his own hair mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi



ANS: B mi


The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for functions such as control of muscles.
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The right hemisphere mainly controls the motor and sensory functions on the left si
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deof the body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on the le
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ft side of the body. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity. Brocas area
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controls motor speech. Cognitive functions are attributed to the association cortex.
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The right side of the bodys motor activity is controlled by the left cerebral cortex.
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8. A patient with chronic schizophrenia had a stroke involving the hippocampus. T
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hepatient will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will need to in
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dividualize the patients medication teaching by: mi mi mi mi mi



a. Including the patients caregiver in the education mi mi mi mi mi mi




b. Being careful to stress the importance of taking the medication as prescribed
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Providing the education at a time when the patient is emotionally calm a
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c. ndrelaxed m
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Encouraging the patient to crush or dissolve the medication to help wimi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi


d. thswallowing
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ANS: A mi