HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Exam
2025 Questions and Answers
What is histology? - ANSWER✔✔-The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - ANSWER✔✔-A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - ANSWER✔✔-Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - ANSWER✔✔-Cover, line, and protect the body and the
internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - ANSWER✔✔-Framework of the body. Provides
support and structure to organs.
What is neuroglia? - ANSWER✔✔-The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve
tissue.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,What ability does muscle tissue have? - ANSWER✔✔-Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as? - ANSWER✔✔-Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and
involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis? - ANSWER✔✔-The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and
testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - ANSWER✔✔-Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - ANSWER✔✔-The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial
cells.
What is the dermis? - ANSWER✔✔-The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels,
nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis? - ANSWER✔✔-Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? - ANSWER✔✔-Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - ANSWER✔✔-Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings,
blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - ANSWER✔✔-ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER✔✔-Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER✔✔-Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from
cells, attracting bacteria that produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete? - ANSWER✔✔-They secrete sebum through the hair follicles,
which lubricates the skin and prevents drying.
What secretion produces oil? - ANSWER✔✔-Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? - ANSWER✔✔-Becoming clogged and
attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin? - ANSWER✔✔-Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - ANSWER✔✔-Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system? - ANSWER✔✔-Support, movement, blood cell
formation, protection of internal organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. *A
MIME BATHED SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified? - ANSWER✔✔-By shape.
Long
Short
flat
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
2025 Questions and Answers
What is histology? - ANSWER✔✔-The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - ANSWER✔✔-A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - ANSWER✔✔-Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - ANSWER✔✔-Cover, line, and protect the body and the
internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - ANSWER✔✔-Framework of the body. Provides
support and structure to organs.
What is neuroglia? - ANSWER✔✔-The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve
tissue.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,What ability does muscle tissue have? - ANSWER✔✔-Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as? - ANSWER✔✔-Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and
involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis? - ANSWER✔✔-The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and
testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - ANSWER✔✔-Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - ANSWER✔✔-The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial
cells.
What is the dermis? - ANSWER✔✔-The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels,
nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis? - ANSWER✔✔-Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? - ANSWER✔✔-Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - ANSWER✔✔-Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings,
blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - ANSWER✔✔-ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER✔✔-Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - ANSWER✔✔-Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from
cells, attracting bacteria that produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete? - ANSWER✔✔-They secrete sebum through the hair follicles,
which lubricates the skin and prevents drying.
What secretion produces oil? - ANSWER✔✔-Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? - ANSWER✔✔-Becoming clogged and
attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin? - ANSWER✔✔-Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - ANSWER✔✔-Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system? - ANSWER✔✔-Support, movement, blood cell
formation, protection of internal organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. *A
MIME BATHED SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified? - ANSWER✔✔-By shape.
Long
Short
flat
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
