NUR 221 FINAL | 198 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS | NEW UPDATE 2025
Florence Nightengale - ANSWERS FIRST theorist;
- insists on better hygiene and professionalism
Nightingale's - Theory - ANSWERS Healthy nursing care should include:
- Fresh air
- Nutritious meals
- Clean environment
Sharon Dingman - ANSWERS Caring Behavior theorist:
- an intentional presence, personal ownership, and respect for human dignity, a
partnership, and a matter of integrity that is heartfelt, given and received between
individuals
Dingman's Theory - 5 Caring Behaviors - ANSWERS 1. Introduction and
explanation of roles
2. Pt's preferred name
3. Sit at bedside
4. Therapeutic touch
5. Mission/vision organization
,Kristen Swanson - ANSWERS Theorist of Care Application in the form of five
realms:
- Care about getting to know your pt
- Care about being with your pt
- Care about doing hard things for them
- Care about enabling independence
- Care about maintaining their beliefs
Swanson's Theory - 5 Realms of Caring - ANSWERS 1. Knowing
2. Being with
3. Doing for
4. Enabling
5. Maintaining beliefs
Jean Watson - Science of Caring - ANSWERS Transpersonal care promotes:
- holistic & spiritual nursing care
- honoring personhood
- having transpersonal caring moments
- giving personal space
- comfort
- caring for the family
- respecting culture
,Watson's Theory - 10 Carative Factors - ANSWERS 1. Sustaining humanistic-
altruistic values by practice of loving-kindness, compassion and equanimity with
self/others.
2. Being authentically present, enabling faith/hope/belief system; honoring
subjective inner, life-world of self/others.
3. Being sensitive to self and others by cultivating own spiritual practices; beyond
ego-self to transpersonal presence.
4. Developing and sustaining loving, trusting-caring relationships.
5. Allowing for expression of positive and negative feelings - authentically listening
to another person's story.
6. Creatively problem-solving-'solution-seeking' through caring process; full use of
self and artistry of caring-healing practices via use of all ways of
knowing/being/doing/becoming.
7. Engaging in transpersonal teaching and learning within context of caring
relationship; staying within other's frame of reference-shift toward coaching
model for expanded health/wellness.
8. Creating a healing environment at all levels; subtle environment for energetic
authentic caring presence.
9. Reverentially assisting with basic needs as sacred acts, touching mindbodyspirit
of spirit of other; sustaining human dignity.
10. Opening to spiritual, mystery, unknowns-allowing for miracles
Madaline Leininger - ANSWERS Founder of transcultural nursing:
- Caring is universal and varies among cultures
- Insists on considering cultural values
Leininger's - Theory - ANSWERS Transcultural competence
, - Assistive, supportive enabling
- preservation of unique cultures
- accommodate, negotiate to include culture
- repatterning within cultural norms
Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM) - ANSWERS Unproven health care
treatments intended to supplement (complement) or serve as alternatives to
conventional medicine
Contraindications/Risks of CAMs - ANSWERS - Adverse affects
- Delay medical treatment for critical conditions
- Not part of standard medical care
- Risk for unsafe, unregulated settings for treatments
Energy therapy modalities - ANSWERS Alternative medicine based on a
pseudo-scientific belief that healers can channel healing energy into a patient and
effect positive results
Interaction with the biofield of a person (qi)
Stress coping - Healthy - ANSWERS - Emotion-focused calming
- Journaling
- Meditation
- Guided imagery
- Moderated exercise
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS | NEW UPDATE 2025
Florence Nightengale - ANSWERS FIRST theorist;
- insists on better hygiene and professionalism
Nightingale's - Theory - ANSWERS Healthy nursing care should include:
- Fresh air
- Nutritious meals
- Clean environment
Sharon Dingman - ANSWERS Caring Behavior theorist:
- an intentional presence, personal ownership, and respect for human dignity, a
partnership, and a matter of integrity that is heartfelt, given and received between
individuals
Dingman's Theory - 5 Caring Behaviors - ANSWERS 1. Introduction and
explanation of roles
2. Pt's preferred name
3. Sit at bedside
4. Therapeutic touch
5. Mission/vision organization
,Kristen Swanson - ANSWERS Theorist of Care Application in the form of five
realms:
- Care about getting to know your pt
- Care about being with your pt
- Care about doing hard things for them
- Care about enabling independence
- Care about maintaining their beliefs
Swanson's Theory - 5 Realms of Caring - ANSWERS 1. Knowing
2. Being with
3. Doing for
4. Enabling
5. Maintaining beliefs
Jean Watson - Science of Caring - ANSWERS Transpersonal care promotes:
- holistic & spiritual nursing care
- honoring personhood
- having transpersonal caring moments
- giving personal space
- comfort
- caring for the family
- respecting culture
,Watson's Theory - 10 Carative Factors - ANSWERS 1. Sustaining humanistic-
altruistic values by practice of loving-kindness, compassion and equanimity with
self/others.
2. Being authentically present, enabling faith/hope/belief system; honoring
subjective inner, life-world of self/others.
3. Being sensitive to self and others by cultivating own spiritual practices; beyond
ego-self to transpersonal presence.
4. Developing and sustaining loving, trusting-caring relationships.
5. Allowing for expression of positive and negative feelings - authentically listening
to another person's story.
6. Creatively problem-solving-'solution-seeking' through caring process; full use of
self and artistry of caring-healing practices via use of all ways of
knowing/being/doing/becoming.
7. Engaging in transpersonal teaching and learning within context of caring
relationship; staying within other's frame of reference-shift toward coaching
model for expanded health/wellness.
8. Creating a healing environment at all levels; subtle environment for energetic
authentic caring presence.
9. Reverentially assisting with basic needs as sacred acts, touching mindbodyspirit
of spirit of other; sustaining human dignity.
10. Opening to spiritual, mystery, unknowns-allowing for miracles
Madaline Leininger - ANSWERS Founder of transcultural nursing:
- Caring is universal and varies among cultures
- Insists on considering cultural values
Leininger's - Theory - ANSWERS Transcultural competence
, - Assistive, supportive enabling
- preservation of unique cultures
- accommodate, negotiate to include culture
- repatterning within cultural norms
Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM) - ANSWERS Unproven health care
treatments intended to supplement (complement) or serve as alternatives to
conventional medicine
Contraindications/Risks of CAMs - ANSWERS - Adverse affects
- Delay medical treatment for critical conditions
- Not part of standard medical care
- Risk for unsafe, unregulated settings for treatments
Energy therapy modalities - ANSWERS Alternative medicine based on a
pseudo-scientific belief that healers can channel healing energy into a patient and
effect positive results
Interaction with the biofield of a person (qi)
Stress coping - Healthy - ANSWERS - Emotion-focused calming
- Journaling
- Meditation
- Guided imagery
- Moderated exercise
