NUR 221- FOUNDATIONS EXAM 2
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT |
NEW UPDATE 2025
What is critical thinking? - ANSWER The process of problem solving
- We gather data, validate data, and weigh options
Ways in which nurses utilize critical thinking - ANSWER - Assessing our
patients and making decisions about their care
-Re-evaluating pt's condition and making changes to the plan
-Communicating changes in pt's status to the provider and collaborating in
creating solutions
-Determining relevant data and discarding irrelevant data
Theoretical knowledge - ANSWER -Science based facts
-Pathophysiologic principles
-Evidence which policies
and protocols are based on
Example of theoretical knowledge - ANSWER The FACT that Heparin is a
medication that reduces blood clots by increasing blood clotting time
,Practical knowledge - ANSWER Knowing when and how to do tasks and skills
safely.
Example of using practical knowledge - ANSWER when we use the technique
of pinching the skin inserting a 5/8-inch needle at a 45-degree angle of the
abdominal fold when giving a subcutaneous injection of Heparin.
Self-knowledge - ANSWER Our own preferences or biases that may influence
our thinking
Example of self-knowledge and possible repercussions - ANSWER -First time I
gave a sub-Q injection at clinical last week, the patient flinched and it made me
nervous to do it again.
-This self-knowledge is important to be aware about as it may influence decisions
in an unintended way.
Contextual awareness - ANSWER Reflection on past experiences
Ethical knowledge - ANSWER -Helps us to handle situations where there is an
element of right and wrong.
-We can recognize the situations as sometimes we may need to provide care that
it's ethically confusing or not so black and white.
-Ethical knowledge of boundaries and guidelines will help us remain true to our
profession in providing this care.
,5 steps of the nursing process - ANSWER 1. Assessment
2. Diagnosis
3. Planning
4. Implements
5. Evaluating
Assessment - ANSWER Data gathering; interpreting/analyzing data.
-This is a nursing professional responsibility as recommended by the American
Nurses Association and therefore cannot be delegated to assistive personnel.
Can assistive personnel perform assessments? - ANSWER NO!!!!
We can enlist the help of unlicensed assistive staff in the action of collecting the
data - such as taking vital signs, asking about the presence of pain or measuring
the amount of urine voided, but it is a nursing responsibility to interpret and
analyze that data
What is involved in all steps of the nursing process? - ANSWER Assessment
- We assess data
- When we implement our interventions, we assess its effectiveness and patient's
response
- When we evaluate expected outcome, we are assessing their success
, What is the frequency of assessments regulated by? - ANSWER Accrediting
bodies
-Always check with your facility, as each hospital usually has their own guidelines
about how often and which assessments are done
Types of assessments - ANSWER 1. Initial
2. Ongoing
3. Comprehensive
4. Focused
5. Cultural
6. Nutritional
7. Psychosocial
8. Community
9. Functional ability
Initial Assessments - ANSWER Initiated upon first contact with the patient.
-This may be in the emergency department or ED, pre-operatively, or upon
admission to the unit.
-The first time the patient has contact with the health care system an initial
assessment is completed.
-This is typically done within twelve hours of admission.
Ongoing Assessments - ANSWER Continuing the plan of care.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT |
NEW UPDATE 2025
What is critical thinking? - ANSWER The process of problem solving
- We gather data, validate data, and weigh options
Ways in which nurses utilize critical thinking - ANSWER - Assessing our
patients and making decisions about their care
-Re-evaluating pt's condition and making changes to the plan
-Communicating changes in pt's status to the provider and collaborating in
creating solutions
-Determining relevant data and discarding irrelevant data
Theoretical knowledge - ANSWER -Science based facts
-Pathophysiologic principles
-Evidence which policies
and protocols are based on
Example of theoretical knowledge - ANSWER The FACT that Heparin is a
medication that reduces blood clots by increasing blood clotting time
,Practical knowledge - ANSWER Knowing when and how to do tasks and skills
safely.
Example of using practical knowledge - ANSWER when we use the technique
of pinching the skin inserting a 5/8-inch needle at a 45-degree angle of the
abdominal fold when giving a subcutaneous injection of Heparin.
Self-knowledge - ANSWER Our own preferences or biases that may influence
our thinking
Example of self-knowledge and possible repercussions - ANSWER -First time I
gave a sub-Q injection at clinical last week, the patient flinched and it made me
nervous to do it again.
-This self-knowledge is important to be aware about as it may influence decisions
in an unintended way.
Contextual awareness - ANSWER Reflection on past experiences
Ethical knowledge - ANSWER -Helps us to handle situations where there is an
element of right and wrong.
-We can recognize the situations as sometimes we may need to provide care that
it's ethically confusing or not so black and white.
-Ethical knowledge of boundaries and guidelines will help us remain true to our
profession in providing this care.
,5 steps of the nursing process - ANSWER 1. Assessment
2. Diagnosis
3. Planning
4. Implements
5. Evaluating
Assessment - ANSWER Data gathering; interpreting/analyzing data.
-This is a nursing professional responsibility as recommended by the American
Nurses Association and therefore cannot be delegated to assistive personnel.
Can assistive personnel perform assessments? - ANSWER NO!!!!
We can enlist the help of unlicensed assistive staff in the action of collecting the
data - such as taking vital signs, asking about the presence of pain or measuring
the amount of urine voided, but it is a nursing responsibility to interpret and
analyze that data
What is involved in all steps of the nursing process? - ANSWER Assessment
- We assess data
- When we implement our interventions, we assess its effectiveness and patient's
response
- When we evaluate expected outcome, we are assessing their success
, What is the frequency of assessments regulated by? - ANSWER Accrediting
bodies
-Always check with your facility, as each hospital usually has their own guidelines
about how often and which assessments are done
Types of assessments - ANSWER 1. Initial
2. Ongoing
3. Comprehensive
4. Focused
5. Cultural
6. Nutritional
7. Psychosocial
8. Community
9. Functional ability
Initial Assessments - ANSWER Initiated upon first contact with the patient.
-This may be in the emergency department or ED, pre-operatively, or upon
admission to the unit.
-The first time the patient has contact with the health care system an initial
assessment is completed.
-This is typically done within twelve hours of admission.
Ongoing Assessments - ANSWER Continuing the plan of care.
