MGT-420, Exam 2 (GCU) with verified
answers graded A+
Self-awareness - correct answer ✔✔being aware of one's own behaviors, preferences, styles,
biases, personalities, and so on
Awareness of others - correct answer ✔✔being aware of the behaviors, preferences, styles,
biases, and personalities of others
Self-concept - correct answer ✔✔The view individuals have of themselves as physical, social,
spiritual, or moral beings (greatly influenced by culture)
Self-esteem - correct answer ✔✔A belief about one's self-worth based on overall self-evaluation
*Self-efficency - correct answer ✔✔A belief in one's ability to successfully accomplish a specific
task ("effectance motive," is a more specific version of self-esteem. You could have high self-
esteem and yet have a feeling of low self-efficacy about performing a certain task, such as public
speaking)
Nature - correct answer ✔✔Heredity (nature) consists of those factors that are determined at
conception, including physical characteristics, gender, and personality factors
Nurture - correct answer ✔✔Environment (nurture) consists of cultural, social, and situational
factors
Valuing Diversity - correct answer ✔✔is used to describe behavior that respects individual
differences
,Discrimination - correct answer ✔✔the flip side of valuing diversity against women and
minorities in the workplace
Glass Ceiling - correct answer ✔✔An invisible barrier or "ceiling" that prevents women and
minorities from rising above a certain level of organizational
*Leaking Pipeline - correct answer ✔✔# of women decreases the more senior the roles become
Social Identity Theory - correct answer ✔✔Developed to understand the psychological basis of
discrimination
In-group membership - correct answer ✔✔A feeling of in-group membership exists when
individuals sense they are part of a group and experience favorable status and a sense of
belonging
Out-group membership - correct answer ✔✔A feeling of out-group membership exists when
someone senses they are not part of a group and experience discomfort and low belongingness.
"Big Five" Personality Dimensions - correct answer ✔✔a. Extraversion: Being outgoing, sociable,
assertive.
b. Agreeableness: Being good-natured, trusting, cooperative
c. Conscientiousness: Being responsible, dependable, persistent
d. Emotional Stability: Being unworried, secure, relaxed
e. Openness to experience: Being imaginative, curious, broad-minded
Social Traits - correct answer ✔✔Surface-level traits that reflect the way a person appears to
others when interacting in various social settings
, Personal Conception Traits - correct answer ✔✔The way individuals tend to think about their
social and physical settings, as well as their major beliefs and their personal orientation
concerning a range of issues
Locus of Control (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔The extent to which a person
feels able to control his/her own life (Externals: more extraverted in their interpersonal
relationships and more oriented toward the world around them. Internals: more introverted
and oriented towards their own feelings and ideas)
Proactive Personality (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔Disposition that identifies
whether or not individuals act to influence their environment (show initiative, take action,
preserve until meaningful change occurs)
Authoritarianism (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔Tendency to adhere rigidly to
conventional values and to obey recognized authority
Dogmatism (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔Leads a person to see the world as
a threatening place and to regard authority as absolute
Machiavellian (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔"better to be feared than loved";
Approach situations logically and thoughtfully; Are capable of lying to achieve personal goals;
Are rarely swayed by loyalty, friendships, past promises, or others' opinions; Are skilled at
influencing others (low- Machiavellian: Accept direction imposed by others in loosely structured
situations; Work hard to do well in highly structured situations)
Self-monitoring (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔A person's ability to adjust
his/her behavior to external, situational (environmental) factors
Emotional Adjustment Traits - correct answer ✔✔How much an individual experiences distress
or displays unacceptable acts
answers graded A+
Self-awareness - correct answer ✔✔being aware of one's own behaviors, preferences, styles,
biases, personalities, and so on
Awareness of others - correct answer ✔✔being aware of the behaviors, preferences, styles,
biases, and personalities of others
Self-concept - correct answer ✔✔The view individuals have of themselves as physical, social,
spiritual, or moral beings (greatly influenced by culture)
Self-esteem - correct answer ✔✔A belief about one's self-worth based on overall self-evaluation
*Self-efficency - correct answer ✔✔A belief in one's ability to successfully accomplish a specific
task ("effectance motive," is a more specific version of self-esteem. You could have high self-
esteem and yet have a feeling of low self-efficacy about performing a certain task, such as public
speaking)
Nature - correct answer ✔✔Heredity (nature) consists of those factors that are determined at
conception, including physical characteristics, gender, and personality factors
Nurture - correct answer ✔✔Environment (nurture) consists of cultural, social, and situational
factors
Valuing Diversity - correct answer ✔✔is used to describe behavior that respects individual
differences
,Discrimination - correct answer ✔✔the flip side of valuing diversity against women and
minorities in the workplace
Glass Ceiling - correct answer ✔✔An invisible barrier or "ceiling" that prevents women and
minorities from rising above a certain level of organizational
*Leaking Pipeline - correct answer ✔✔# of women decreases the more senior the roles become
Social Identity Theory - correct answer ✔✔Developed to understand the psychological basis of
discrimination
In-group membership - correct answer ✔✔A feeling of in-group membership exists when
individuals sense they are part of a group and experience favorable status and a sense of
belonging
Out-group membership - correct answer ✔✔A feeling of out-group membership exists when
someone senses they are not part of a group and experience discomfort and low belongingness.
"Big Five" Personality Dimensions - correct answer ✔✔a. Extraversion: Being outgoing, sociable,
assertive.
b. Agreeableness: Being good-natured, trusting, cooperative
c. Conscientiousness: Being responsible, dependable, persistent
d. Emotional Stability: Being unworried, secure, relaxed
e. Openness to experience: Being imaginative, curious, broad-minded
Social Traits - correct answer ✔✔Surface-level traits that reflect the way a person appears to
others when interacting in various social settings
, Personal Conception Traits - correct answer ✔✔The way individuals tend to think about their
social and physical settings, as well as their major beliefs and their personal orientation
concerning a range of issues
Locus of Control (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔The extent to which a person
feels able to control his/her own life (Externals: more extraverted in their interpersonal
relationships and more oriented toward the world around them. Internals: more introverted
and oriented towards their own feelings and ideas)
Proactive Personality (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔Disposition that identifies
whether or not individuals act to influence their environment (show initiative, take action,
preserve until meaningful change occurs)
Authoritarianism (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔Tendency to adhere rigidly to
conventional values and to obey recognized authority
Dogmatism (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔Leads a person to see the world as
a threatening place and to regard authority as absolute
Machiavellian (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔"better to be feared than loved";
Approach situations logically and thoughtfully; Are capable of lying to achieve personal goals;
Are rarely swayed by loyalty, friendships, past promises, or others' opinions; Are skilled at
influencing others (low- Machiavellian: Accept direction imposed by others in loosely structured
situations; Work hard to do well in highly structured situations)
Self-monitoring (Personal Conception Trait) - correct answer ✔✔A person's ability to adjust
his/her behavior to external, situational (environmental) factors
Emotional Adjustment Traits - correct answer ✔✔How much an individual experiences distress
or displays unacceptable acts
