NURS 601 Quiz(All Accurately solved)
what do therapeutics focus on? correct answersdisease prevention, treatment and pain
what are the 3 categories of therapeutic agents? correct answers1) drugs or medications
2) biologics and biosimilar drugs
3) complementary and alternative medicine therapies
what is therapeutic classification correct answersorganization based on therapeutic usefulness
what are the three drug name types? correct answerschemical, generic, trade
Generic names of drugs correct answers-Assigned by the United States Adopted Name Council.
-Only one generic name for each drug (less complicated)
-active ingredients in drug
-acetaminophen, ibuprofen, aspirin
should biosimilars be called generic medications correct answersno
differences between trade name drugs and generic correct answersformulations arent always the
same, filler can cause issues, bioavailability
Role of the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) correct answers- regulatory agency
responsible for ensuring drugs are safe and effective
what are the 4 phases that therapeutic drugs are reviewed for FDA approval correct
answerspreclinical investigation, clinical investigation, review of the new drug application
(NDA) and postmarketing surveillance
what is preclinical investigation correct answers-extensive lab research with tests preformed on
human and microbial cells ( animal testing)
-results are always inconclusive
what is clinical investigation correct answers-second phase/longest phase
-drug vs placebo
-three diff stages (clinical phase trials)
What is postmarketing surveillance? correct answers-the final phase of the drug approval
process, begins after clinical trials and the NDA review have been completed.
-this is where most complications show up
Changes to the Drug Approval Process correct answers•Process of drug development and
approval can take years
•Current accelerated approval guidelines include:
-Drugs must fill unmet needs
-Treat serious medical conditions
, drug schedule 1 correct answersNo accepted medical uses, highest potential for abuse
-Heroin, LSD, marijuana
drug schedule V correct answersLowest potential for abuse
Teratogen correct answersa substance that has the potential to cause a defect in an unborn child
during pregnancy
what are the Teratogen categories and which is the safest/ most dangerous? correct answersA
(safest), B, C, D, X (most danger)
Define pharmacokinetics correct answersthe study of drug movement throughout the body
what are the four categories of pharmacokinetic processes correct answersabsorption,
distribution, metabolism, excretion
what is the passage of drugs through plasma membranes correct answersactive transport and
diffusion or passive transport
What happens in active transport? correct answerschemicals move against concentration or
electrochemical gradient
What is cotransport in active transport? correct answersinvolves the movement of two or more
chemicals across the membrane
what is diffusion or passive transport? correct answerssmall, nonionized or lipid soluble
molecules move from higher to lower concentration
define therapeutic range correct answersplasma drug concentration between the minimum
effective concentration and the toxic concentration
what is the Plasma Half-Life of Drugs correct answers-Length of time needed to decrease drug
plasma concentration by one half
-The greater the half-life, the longer it takes to excrete which Determines frequency and dosages
Loading vs. Maintenance dose correct answersA loading dose is a large dose that reaches plateau
quickly. A maintenance dose maintains plateau.
Define pharmacodynamics correct answershow a medicine changes the body and will ensure
drugs provides safe/effective treatment
what is the frequency distribution curve correct answers-a graphical representation of the number
of patients responding to a drug action at different doses
-Peak of curve indicates largest number of patients responding to drug
-Does not show magnitude of response
what do therapeutics focus on? correct answersdisease prevention, treatment and pain
what are the 3 categories of therapeutic agents? correct answers1) drugs or medications
2) biologics and biosimilar drugs
3) complementary and alternative medicine therapies
what is therapeutic classification correct answersorganization based on therapeutic usefulness
what are the three drug name types? correct answerschemical, generic, trade
Generic names of drugs correct answers-Assigned by the United States Adopted Name Council.
-Only one generic name for each drug (less complicated)
-active ingredients in drug
-acetaminophen, ibuprofen, aspirin
should biosimilars be called generic medications correct answersno
differences between trade name drugs and generic correct answersformulations arent always the
same, filler can cause issues, bioavailability
Role of the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) correct answers- regulatory agency
responsible for ensuring drugs are safe and effective
what are the 4 phases that therapeutic drugs are reviewed for FDA approval correct
answerspreclinical investigation, clinical investigation, review of the new drug application
(NDA) and postmarketing surveillance
what is preclinical investigation correct answers-extensive lab research with tests preformed on
human and microbial cells ( animal testing)
-results are always inconclusive
what is clinical investigation correct answers-second phase/longest phase
-drug vs placebo
-three diff stages (clinical phase trials)
What is postmarketing surveillance? correct answers-the final phase of the drug approval
process, begins after clinical trials and the NDA review have been completed.
-this is where most complications show up
Changes to the Drug Approval Process correct answers•Process of drug development and
approval can take years
•Current accelerated approval guidelines include:
-Drugs must fill unmet needs
-Treat serious medical conditions
, drug schedule 1 correct answersNo accepted medical uses, highest potential for abuse
-Heroin, LSD, marijuana
drug schedule V correct answersLowest potential for abuse
Teratogen correct answersa substance that has the potential to cause a defect in an unborn child
during pregnancy
what are the Teratogen categories and which is the safest/ most dangerous? correct answersA
(safest), B, C, D, X (most danger)
Define pharmacokinetics correct answersthe study of drug movement throughout the body
what are the four categories of pharmacokinetic processes correct answersabsorption,
distribution, metabolism, excretion
what is the passage of drugs through plasma membranes correct answersactive transport and
diffusion or passive transport
What happens in active transport? correct answerschemicals move against concentration or
electrochemical gradient
What is cotransport in active transport? correct answersinvolves the movement of two or more
chemicals across the membrane
what is diffusion or passive transport? correct answerssmall, nonionized or lipid soluble
molecules move from higher to lower concentration
define therapeutic range correct answersplasma drug concentration between the minimum
effective concentration and the toxic concentration
what is the Plasma Half-Life of Drugs correct answers-Length of time needed to decrease drug
plasma concentration by one half
-The greater the half-life, the longer it takes to excrete which Determines frequency and dosages
Loading vs. Maintenance dose correct answersA loading dose is a large dose that reaches plateau
quickly. A maintenance dose maintains plateau.
Define pharmacodynamics correct answershow a medicine changes the body and will ensure
drugs provides safe/effective treatment
what is the frequency distribution curve correct answers-a graphical representation of the number
of patients responding to a drug action at different doses
-Peak of curve indicates largest number of patients responding to drug
-Does not show magnitude of response
