,TEST BANK FOR
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McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and
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Children 9th Edition by Julia Rogers
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Chapter 1-49 f
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
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Rogers: McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology, 9th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE f
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
f f f f f f f f f
a. Cells can produce proteins. f f f
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. f f f f
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. f f f f f f
d. Cells can synthesize fats. f f f
ANS: C f
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular
f f f f f f f f f f f f
metabolic absorption.
f f
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
f f f f f f f f f f f f
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C f
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
f f f f f f f f f f f
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function
f f f f f f f f f f f f
as the intracellular digestive system.
f f f f f
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
f f f f f f f f f
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
,c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
f
, Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
f f f f f f f f f f f f
Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus
f f f f f f f f f f f
and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids,
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
cellular membrane.
f f
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
injury?
f
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex f
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum f f
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D f
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes
f f f f f f f f f f f f
within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
near the cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
production and removing toxic substances from the cell.
f f f f f f f f
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
f f f f f f f
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction f f f f f f
b. Secretion of cortisol f f
c. Increased retention of water f f f
d. Breakdown of fat f f
ANS: C f
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes
f f f f f f f f f f f f
increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
f f f f f f f
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
f f f f f f f f f
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: B f
f f
McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and
f f f f f f f f f f f
Children 9th Edition by Julia Rogers
f f f f f f
Chapter 1-49 f
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
f f f
Rogers: McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology, 9th Edition
f f f f f f
MULTIPLE CHOICE f
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
f f f f f f f f f
a. Cells can produce proteins. f f f
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. f f f f
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. f f f f f f
d. Cells can synthesize fats. f f f
ANS: C f
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular
f f f f f f f f f f f f
metabolic absorption.
f f
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
f f f f f f f f f f f f
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C f
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
f f f f f f f f f f f
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function
f f f f f f f f f f f f
as the intracellular digestive system.
f f f f f
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
f f f f f f f f f
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
,c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
f
, Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
f f f f f f f f f f f f
Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus
f f f f f f f f f f f
and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
complexes. Lysosomes are saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids,
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
cellular membrane.
f f
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
injury?
f
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex f
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum f f
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D f
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes
f f f f f f f f f f f f
within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
near the cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone
f f f f f f f f f f f f f
production and removing toxic substances from the cell.
f f f f f f f f
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
f f f f f f f
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction f f f f f f
b. Secretion of cortisol f f
c. Increased retention of water f f f
d. Breakdown of fat f f
ANS: C f
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes
f f f f f f f f f f f f
increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH.
f f f f f f f f f f f f f f f
Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
f f f f f f f
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering f f
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
f f f f f f f f f
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
ANS: B f
