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PGY 502 Exam 1 Questions And Answers
100% Pass
Neuronal Heterogeneity - ANS Autonomic Ganglia show
baroreceptors, carotid artery, aorta - ANS High blood pressure increases firing rate of ___ on
____ and ____
PS neurons, Sympathetic neurons - ANS n response, medullary
cardiovascular center
activates ___ ___ and inhibits ___ ___
central nervous system, presynaptic action potentials - ANS most neurons synapses in the
___ ___ ___ require the coordination of many ___ ___ ___ in order to reach threshold for
action potential generation
equilibrium potential - ANS the point at which the movement of ions across the cell
membrane is balanced, as the electrostatic pressure pulling ions in one direction is offset by the
diffusion force pushing them in the opposite direction
thalamus - ANS Sensory pathways project to the ___ which relays information to cortical
centers.
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olfactory bulb, cortex - ANS .Sensory pathways project to the thalamus which relays
information to cortical centers.
Exception: olfaction, which projects through to ___ ___ and ____
Receptor - ANS protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response.
protein modification
7TM receptors - ANS __ ___ are phosphorylated on cytoplasmic
tails, attracting arrestins, which inhibit signaling to G proteins and promote receptor
internalization
4 ways to do neural plasicitiy - ANS 1. synapse modification
-degeneration/elimination
- synaptogensis
2. axonal regeneration, remylination
3. axonal or dendritic sprouting
4. neurogensis
Adrenergic receptors - ANS ___ ___ are prototypic members of GPCR gene family
intrafusal muscle fibers - ANS A modified bundle of muscle fibers called ___ ___ ___
intrafusal fibers - ANS the muscle fibers found within a muscle spindle. They are weak and
contribute little to muscle tension
EPP - ANS end plate potential
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EPP - ANS A single ___ usually results in an action potential in the post-junctional muscle cell
leading to muscle contraction
absolute refractory period - ANS time during which another action potential is impossible;
limits maximal firing rate; Due to inactivation of large proportion of Na+ channels.
AChE - ANS ACh (SMN) gets broken done by an enzyme ___
ACh - ANS Choline acetyltransferase synthesizes
ACh - ANS gets broken down into choline and acetic acid
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) - ANS the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine in the
synaptic cleft; to acetate and choline
actin microfilaments - ANS help with cell shape, locomotion, vesicle transport
-are constantly growing and shrinking ( more monomers are added to the positive end and
taken away from the negative end and mover to the positive end making it move)
actin microfilaments - ANS short polymers actin double stranded helix
- localized in the periphery of the cell
- dynamicby growth cones, synaptic changes, polymerization, and depolymerization
- learning and memory
active - ANS action potential propagation is ___
action potentials - ANS -cannot be summed
-only can be depolarization
PGY 502 Exam 1 Questions And Answers
100% Pass
Neuronal Heterogeneity - ANS Autonomic Ganglia show
baroreceptors, carotid artery, aorta - ANS High blood pressure increases firing rate of ___ on
____ and ____
PS neurons, Sympathetic neurons - ANS n response, medullary
cardiovascular center
activates ___ ___ and inhibits ___ ___
central nervous system, presynaptic action potentials - ANS most neurons synapses in the
___ ___ ___ require the coordination of many ___ ___ ___ in order to reach threshold for
action potential generation
equilibrium potential - ANS the point at which the movement of ions across the cell
membrane is balanced, as the electrostatic pressure pulling ions in one direction is offset by the
diffusion force pushing them in the opposite direction
thalamus - ANS Sensory pathways project to the ___ which relays information to cortical
centers.
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
olfactory bulb, cortex - ANS .Sensory pathways project to the thalamus which relays
information to cortical centers.
Exception: olfaction, which projects through to ___ ___ and ____
Receptor - ANS protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response.
protein modification
7TM receptors - ANS __ ___ are phosphorylated on cytoplasmic
tails, attracting arrestins, which inhibit signaling to G proteins and promote receptor
internalization
4 ways to do neural plasicitiy - ANS 1. synapse modification
-degeneration/elimination
- synaptogensis
2. axonal regeneration, remylination
3. axonal or dendritic sprouting
4. neurogensis
Adrenergic receptors - ANS ___ ___ are prototypic members of GPCR gene family
intrafusal muscle fibers - ANS A modified bundle of muscle fibers called ___ ___ ___
intrafusal fibers - ANS the muscle fibers found within a muscle spindle. They are weak and
contribute little to muscle tension
EPP - ANS end plate potential
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
EPP - ANS A single ___ usually results in an action potential in the post-junctional muscle cell
leading to muscle contraction
absolute refractory period - ANS time during which another action potential is impossible;
limits maximal firing rate; Due to inactivation of large proportion of Na+ channels.
AChE - ANS ACh (SMN) gets broken done by an enzyme ___
ACh - ANS Choline acetyltransferase synthesizes
ACh - ANS gets broken down into choline and acetic acid
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) - ANS the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine in the
synaptic cleft; to acetate and choline
actin microfilaments - ANS help with cell shape, locomotion, vesicle transport
-are constantly growing and shrinking ( more monomers are added to the positive end and
taken away from the negative end and mover to the positive end making it move)
actin microfilaments - ANS short polymers actin double stranded helix
- localized in the periphery of the cell
- dynamicby growth cones, synaptic changes, polymerization, and depolymerization
- learning and memory
active - ANS action potential propagation is ___
action potentials - ANS -cannot be summed
-only can be depolarization
