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PGY 502 Respiratory Physiology Exam
Questions And Answers 100% Pass
The primary physiological functions of the respiratory system (2) : - ANS To provide gas
exchanges between cells and atmosphere air
To perform the metabolic function, cells require O2 and produce CO2 (occurs easily for single
cell organisms- moves across membrane)
gas exchange function takes place in the - ANS alveoli only
Terminal Bronchioles don't have - ANS alveoli - doesn't participate directly in gas exchange
Gas exchange takes place between - ANS the air in alveoli and the blood in capillaries
Conducting Zone - ANS doesn't participate in gas exchange
brings air in for gas exchange
Respiratory Zone - ANS site of gas exchange
The further down the airways branch - ANS the more parallel they are
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There is a rapid increase in total cross-section of the airways after - ANS terminal bronchioles
Structural difference between conducting and respiratory zones: - ANS Conducting:
Longitudinal distance: 30 cm
Total cross-sectional area: 5 cm
Airflow pattern: turbulent flow
Respiratory:
Longitudinal distance: <0.5 cm
Total cross-sectional area: >> 500 cm
Airflow pattern: laminar flow
Conducting Zone Functions (4) - ANS 1. Provide a patent pathway
2. Warm and humidify the inspired air
3. Filtering function
4. Protective function
Respiratory Zone Functions (2) - ANS 1. Gas exchange
2. Metabolic function
Tissue Structures in the Airway Wall - ANS *Slide 14 & 15 lec 1
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Major volume compartments of human lungs measured by - ANS Spirometer
Tidal volume (Vt): - ANS Volume inhaled or exhaled each breath
Total Lung Capacity (TLC) - ANS the volume of air in the lungs after a maximum inhalation
Residual Volume (RV) - ANS The volume of air remaining in lungs after maximum expiration
Vital Capacity (VC) - ANS The maximum volume that can be exhaled after a maximum
inspiration
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) - ANS volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal
tidal volume expiration
can't be measured by simple spirometry
measured by helium dilution method
Helium - ANS an inert gas
It is not taken up by the pulmonary blood circulation, and therefore remains in the lung.
Initial amount of helium in respiratory system: - ANS C1 x V1
The amount of helium in the system after equilibration: - ANS C2 x (V1 + FRC)
- ANS
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What Influences vital capacity for males and females - ANS Age , gender, and height
- ANS
Influence of posture on lung volumes - ANS There are differences when sitting/standing/
laying down
The difference is generated by the weight of abdominal contents
This difference is further exaggerated in obese patients
Slide 20 lec 1
Functional residual capacity (FRC) cannot be determined by a simple spirometry test. In the
Pulmonary Function Test laboratory, FRC is often measured in patients by the helium dilution
method. When this measurement is performed in a patient (female, 60 year old), the initial and
final concentrations of helium are 7% and 4%, respectively. The initial volume of helium gas
mixture in the spirometer is 4 liters. What is the volume of functional residual capacity in this
patient? - ANS C1 x V1 = C2 x (V1 + FRC)
7% x 4 = 4% x (4 + FRC)
FRC = 3 L
Minute Ventilation (VE) - ANS the total volume of air inhaled or exhaled per minute
VE = VT x f
PGY 502 Respiratory Physiology Exam
Questions And Answers 100% Pass
The primary physiological functions of the respiratory system (2) : - ANS To provide gas
exchanges between cells and atmosphere air
To perform the metabolic function, cells require O2 and produce CO2 (occurs easily for single
cell organisms- moves across membrane)
gas exchange function takes place in the - ANS alveoli only
Terminal Bronchioles don't have - ANS alveoli - doesn't participate directly in gas exchange
Gas exchange takes place between - ANS the air in alveoli and the blood in capillaries
Conducting Zone - ANS doesn't participate in gas exchange
brings air in for gas exchange
Respiratory Zone - ANS site of gas exchange
The further down the airways branch - ANS the more parallel they are
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
There is a rapid increase in total cross-section of the airways after - ANS terminal bronchioles
Structural difference between conducting and respiratory zones: - ANS Conducting:
Longitudinal distance: 30 cm
Total cross-sectional area: 5 cm
Airflow pattern: turbulent flow
Respiratory:
Longitudinal distance: <0.5 cm
Total cross-sectional area: >> 500 cm
Airflow pattern: laminar flow
Conducting Zone Functions (4) - ANS 1. Provide a patent pathway
2. Warm and humidify the inspired air
3. Filtering function
4. Protective function
Respiratory Zone Functions (2) - ANS 1. Gas exchange
2. Metabolic function
Tissue Structures in the Airway Wall - ANS *Slide 14 & 15 lec 1
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Major volume compartments of human lungs measured by - ANS Spirometer
Tidal volume (Vt): - ANS Volume inhaled or exhaled each breath
Total Lung Capacity (TLC) - ANS the volume of air in the lungs after a maximum inhalation
Residual Volume (RV) - ANS The volume of air remaining in lungs after maximum expiration
Vital Capacity (VC) - ANS The maximum volume that can be exhaled after a maximum
inspiration
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) - ANS volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal
tidal volume expiration
can't be measured by simple spirometry
measured by helium dilution method
Helium - ANS an inert gas
It is not taken up by the pulmonary blood circulation, and therefore remains in the lung.
Initial amount of helium in respiratory system: - ANS C1 x V1
The amount of helium in the system after equilibration: - ANS C2 x (V1 + FRC)
- ANS
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
What Influences vital capacity for males and females - ANS Age , gender, and height
- ANS
Influence of posture on lung volumes - ANS There are differences when sitting/standing/
laying down
The difference is generated by the weight of abdominal contents
This difference is further exaggerated in obese patients
Slide 20 lec 1
Functional residual capacity (FRC) cannot be determined by a simple spirometry test. In the
Pulmonary Function Test laboratory, FRC is often measured in patients by the helium dilution
method. When this measurement is performed in a patient (female, 60 year old), the initial and
final concentrations of helium are 7% and 4%, respectively. The initial volume of helium gas
mixture in the spirometer is 4 liters. What is the volume of functional residual capacity in this
patient? - ANS C1 x V1 = C2 x (V1 + FRC)
7% x 4 = 4% x (4 + FRC)
FRC = 3 L
Minute Ventilation (VE) - ANS the total volume of air inhaled or exhaled per minute
VE = VT x f
