NUR 256 Exam 1
Chapter 1
1.) What are risk factors and protective factors that affect
the severity and progression of a mental illness, as well as the
mental health of a person who does not have a mental illness?
Explain each.
Risk factors – biological predisposition, environmental stress
Protective factors – education, screenings, medication
Someone who does not suffer from mental illness has more resilience,
therefore they are less likely to be affected by emotion or physical stress.
They are more likely to spend a small amount of time being upset and then
bounce back quickly.
2.) Explain the diathesis-stress model.
The diathesis-stress model is the most common explanation for mental
illness. It composed of a biological predisposition (diathesis) and
environmental factors (stress). These two things lead to mental issues.
Chapter 5
1.) What are the differences in Western Traditions, Eastern
Traditions and Indigenous Culture?
Western – mind and body are separate, disease has a cause that can be
easily fixed, values are independence and autonomy
Eastern – value is family, mind/body/spirit are all connected, illness is due to
an imbalance
Indigenous – connected to nature, tribes, disease is because of a lack of
harmony between an individual and their environment
2.) What are cultural barriers to mental health services?
Different languages, mental health stigma, stereotypes of healthcare
providers, cultural solutions
3.) What is culturally competent care?
To provide unbiased and proper care to those regardless of and depending on
their cultural background. A nurse should know how to handle the care of
individuals with different cultures.
4.) What populations are at risk for mental illness and
inadequate care?
Immigrants, refugees, cultural minorities
, Chapter 4
1.) What are specialized psychiatric care providers?
Providers who specialize only in psychiatric care and can complement the
work of regular health care providers
2.) Review pt rights in Box 4.2
Treat with dignity, involved in treatment, right to refuse treatment, right to
request to leave, right to be protected from harming oneself or others, right
to legal counsel, vote, communicate privately by telephone and in person,
right to informed consent, right to confidentiality, right to choose or refuse
visitors, informed of research and refuse participation, least restrictive
means, send and receive mail, personal belongings unless dangerous, right
to complain, religious worship
3.) When is seclusion and restraint utilized?
In involuntary admission, if someone is a threat to themselves or others, if
someone tries to leave before their order permits
4.) How is a safe environment maintained on a psychiatric
unit?
Staff members check all personal property and clothing to prevent potential
harm.
Tracking patients’ whereabouts and activities periodically or continuously
For suicidal patients continuous in-person observation is essential
Monitoring of visitations and inspection of bags and packages
Intimate relations between patients are prohibited
Doors that open out rather than in
Continuous hinges
Anchored furniture
Drapes that are mounted on a track firmly anchored to the ceiling
Boxed in plumbing fixtures
Chapter 8
1.) Review common countertransference reactions on pg 129 Table 8.2.
Boredom – showing inattention
Recue – giving advice, reaching for unattainable goals
Overinvolvement
Overidentification – keeping secrets
Misuse of honesty
Anger
Chapter 1
1.) What are risk factors and protective factors that affect
the severity and progression of a mental illness, as well as the
mental health of a person who does not have a mental illness?
Explain each.
Risk factors – biological predisposition, environmental stress
Protective factors – education, screenings, medication
Someone who does not suffer from mental illness has more resilience,
therefore they are less likely to be affected by emotion or physical stress.
They are more likely to spend a small amount of time being upset and then
bounce back quickly.
2.) Explain the diathesis-stress model.
The diathesis-stress model is the most common explanation for mental
illness. It composed of a biological predisposition (diathesis) and
environmental factors (stress). These two things lead to mental issues.
Chapter 5
1.) What are the differences in Western Traditions, Eastern
Traditions and Indigenous Culture?
Western – mind and body are separate, disease has a cause that can be
easily fixed, values are independence and autonomy
Eastern – value is family, mind/body/spirit are all connected, illness is due to
an imbalance
Indigenous – connected to nature, tribes, disease is because of a lack of
harmony between an individual and their environment
2.) What are cultural barriers to mental health services?
Different languages, mental health stigma, stereotypes of healthcare
providers, cultural solutions
3.) What is culturally competent care?
To provide unbiased and proper care to those regardless of and depending on
their cultural background. A nurse should know how to handle the care of
individuals with different cultures.
4.) What populations are at risk for mental illness and
inadequate care?
Immigrants, refugees, cultural minorities
, Chapter 4
1.) What are specialized psychiatric care providers?
Providers who specialize only in psychiatric care and can complement the
work of regular health care providers
2.) Review pt rights in Box 4.2
Treat with dignity, involved in treatment, right to refuse treatment, right to
request to leave, right to be protected from harming oneself or others, right
to legal counsel, vote, communicate privately by telephone and in person,
right to informed consent, right to confidentiality, right to choose or refuse
visitors, informed of research and refuse participation, least restrictive
means, send and receive mail, personal belongings unless dangerous, right
to complain, religious worship
3.) When is seclusion and restraint utilized?
In involuntary admission, if someone is a threat to themselves or others, if
someone tries to leave before their order permits
4.) How is a safe environment maintained on a psychiatric
unit?
Staff members check all personal property and clothing to prevent potential
harm.
Tracking patients’ whereabouts and activities periodically or continuously
For suicidal patients continuous in-person observation is essential
Monitoring of visitations and inspection of bags and packages
Intimate relations between patients are prohibited
Doors that open out rather than in
Continuous hinges
Anchored furniture
Drapes that are mounted on a track firmly anchored to the ceiling
Boxed in plumbing fixtures
Chapter 8
1.) Review common countertransference reactions on pg 129 Table 8.2.
Boredom – showing inattention
Recue – giving advice, reaching for unattainable goals
Overinvolvement
Overidentification – keeping secrets
Misuse of honesty
Anger
