Understanding Patho - Pulmonary - Quiz 5 - Exam 3 Questions Answered Correctly
Two types of airways in the pulmonary system: - Answers 1. conducting airways.
2. gas exchange.
The conducting airways are involved in: - Answers ventilation; mechanical movement of air in/out of the
lungs. Involves much of the initial airways.
The gas exchange airways involves what function? - Answers respiration and exchange of gas across
membranes resulting in O2/CO2 gas exchange.
3 major airways of the conducting airway: - Answers 1. upper airways.
2. larynx (laryngopharynx).
3. lower airways.
Two components of the upper airways: - Answers 1. nasopharynx.
2. oropharynx.
What is the purpose if the larynx? - Answers connects the upper and lower airways.
Has a switching mechanism that only allows airway to be available in the breathing portion. Also
functions for voice production.
3 components of the lower airways in the conducting airways: - Answers 1. trachea.
2. bronchi.
3. terminal bronchioles.
The trachea deviates into: - Answers the right and left main stem bronchus.
The split between the main bronchi is called: - Answers carina.
Terminal bronchioles have small amounts of: - Answers cartilage.
Most of the bronchioles are involved in: - Answers the respiration/gas exchange airway rather than the
conducting airways.
3 major components of the gas-exchange airways: - Answers 1. respiratory bronchioles.
2. alveolar ducts.
3. alveoli.
, Describe alveoli: - Answers small balloon like structures where the air ends; the smallest unit of
respirations.
What cells make up alveoli walls? - Answers epithelial cells.
Types of epithelial cells: - Answers 1. Type 1 alveolar cells.
2. Type 2 alveolar cells.
Difference between type 1 and type 2 alveolar cells: - Answers Type 1 - alveolar structure components
like endothelial cells in capillaries that allows for exchange across capillaries (part of the alveoli capillary
membranes).
Type 2 - produces surfactant.
Why is surfactant important? - Answers Surfactant is a protein that helps to reduce surface tension.
surface tension in the lungs is a result of: - Answers result of H+ binding to water or other substances,
like binding of lots of magnetic forces to pull everything tighter and closer together.
Surfactant acts like a : - Answers detergent as it interferes with H+ bonds, loosens everything and allows
for easier inflation of alveoli.
What occurs if a baby is born before surfactant is produced? - Answers The baby will have difficulty
inflating its alveoli.
Tx for baby born before surfactant production: - Answers Give mother steroids to enhance maturation
process of these cells if known baby coming early.
The alveoli also contain these cells: - Answers alveolar macrophages that engulf pathogens, particles and
debris causing an immune reaction.
The combination of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli is called: - Answers acinus.
Function of the pharynx: - Answers combined eating, drinking and respiratory section.
Esophagus fxn: - Answers eating and drinking only.
As bronchi divide, they have what mimicry? - Answers Arteries and arterioles that mimic division to
alveoli.
Veins do not follow this pattern.
Two types of airways in the pulmonary system: - Answers 1. conducting airways.
2. gas exchange.
The conducting airways are involved in: - Answers ventilation; mechanical movement of air in/out of the
lungs. Involves much of the initial airways.
The gas exchange airways involves what function? - Answers respiration and exchange of gas across
membranes resulting in O2/CO2 gas exchange.
3 major airways of the conducting airway: - Answers 1. upper airways.
2. larynx (laryngopharynx).
3. lower airways.
Two components of the upper airways: - Answers 1. nasopharynx.
2. oropharynx.
What is the purpose if the larynx? - Answers connects the upper and lower airways.
Has a switching mechanism that only allows airway to be available in the breathing portion. Also
functions for voice production.
3 components of the lower airways in the conducting airways: - Answers 1. trachea.
2. bronchi.
3. terminal bronchioles.
The trachea deviates into: - Answers the right and left main stem bronchus.
The split between the main bronchi is called: - Answers carina.
Terminal bronchioles have small amounts of: - Answers cartilage.
Most of the bronchioles are involved in: - Answers the respiration/gas exchange airway rather than the
conducting airways.
3 major components of the gas-exchange airways: - Answers 1. respiratory bronchioles.
2. alveolar ducts.
3. alveoli.
, Describe alveoli: - Answers small balloon like structures where the air ends; the smallest unit of
respirations.
What cells make up alveoli walls? - Answers epithelial cells.
Types of epithelial cells: - Answers 1. Type 1 alveolar cells.
2. Type 2 alveolar cells.
Difference between type 1 and type 2 alveolar cells: - Answers Type 1 - alveolar structure components
like endothelial cells in capillaries that allows for exchange across capillaries (part of the alveoli capillary
membranes).
Type 2 - produces surfactant.
Why is surfactant important? - Answers Surfactant is a protein that helps to reduce surface tension.
surface tension in the lungs is a result of: - Answers result of H+ binding to water or other substances,
like binding of lots of magnetic forces to pull everything tighter and closer together.
Surfactant acts like a : - Answers detergent as it interferes with H+ bonds, loosens everything and allows
for easier inflation of alveoli.
What occurs if a baby is born before surfactant is produced? - Answers The baby will have difficulty
inflating its alveoli.
Tx for baby born before surfactant production: - Answers Give mother steroids to enhance maturation
process of these cells if known baby coming early.
The alveoli also contain these cells: - Answers alveolar macrophages that engulf pathogens, particles and
debris causing an immune reaction.
The combination of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli is called: - Answers acinus.
Function of the pharynx: - Answers combined eating, drinking and respiratory section.
Esophagus fxn: - Answers eating and drinking only.
As bronchi divide, they have what mimicry? - Answers Arteries and arterioles that mimic division to
alveoli.
Veins do not follow this pattern.
