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When a health-care provider offers nutritional health teaching on portions, patterns, and
choices, he or she is using which type of approach?
a) Ecological
b) Downstream
c) Upstream
d) Health promotion - ANS :b) Downstream
A school cafeteria is planning menus for the school year. They used the 2012 national law that
calls for school lunch programs to have larger portions of fruits and vegetables, less sodium, and
no trans fats as their guide. This is an example of:
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a) An upstream approach
b) An examination of the social aspects of obesity
c) A downstream approach
d) A and C - ANS :a) An upstream approach
A public health nurse (PHN) notices the rising incidence of H1N1 (swine flu) in a geographic
area. The nurse considers possible interventions, knowing that the preclinical phase of H1N1
lasts:
a) One to two days
b) Two to four days
c) Three to four days
d) Five to seven days - ANS :a) One to two days
In the traditional public health prevention framework, the level of prevention that includes early
detection and initiation of treatment for disease, or screening, is referred to as the:
a) Clinical level
b) Primary level
c) Tertiary level
d) Secondary level - ANS :d) Secondary level
Attributable risk is the proportion of cases or injuries that would be eliminated if a risk factor
did not occur, but preventable fraction is:
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a) The number of cases that actually occur in a given population at a specific point in time.
b) What could be achieved with a program implemented in a community setting within the at-
risk population when community members actually participate in the program.
c) The number of cases that require intervention.
d) An estimation of the number of cases with the high-risk factor(s). - ANS :b) What could be
achieved with a program implemented in a community setting within the at-risk population
when community members actually participate in the program.
Population attributable risk (PAR) is based on the assumption that the risk factor is removed
from the entire population being targeted. It also can be used to calculate the cost benefit and
the ____ of a prevention program.
a) Cost effectiveness
b) Necessity
c) Population ecology
d) Percent of repeat participant - ANS :a) Cost effectiveness
The nursing student is studying learning theories. He learns that television commercials are an
example of which learning theory?
a) Constructivism
b) Cognitivist
c) Bandura's theory of social learning
d) Behaviorism - ANS :c) Bandura's theory of social learning
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A patient diagnosed with diabetes buys books, reads articles, talks with knowledgeable people,
informs himself about what he can do to improve his health, and takes action. The nurse
recognizes this method of adult learning as:
a) Pedagogy
b) Andragogy
c) Constructivism
d) Humanism - ANS :d) Humanism
A nursing student is listening to a lecture on poor health outcomes. Based on research by the
Institute of Medicine (IOM), the instructor says that for an individual with a non-communicable
disease less knowledge of chronic disease management and performance of fewer health
promotion activities at home, most likely reflects:
a) Low health literacy
b) Lack of adequate health insurance
c) Limited access to medical services
d) Few prevention programs within the community - ANS :a) Low health literacy
Which of these tests is not an indicator of health literacy?
a) The Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA)
b) Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM)
c) National Quality Forum (NQF)
d) Suitability Assessment of Material (SAM - ANS :c) National Quality Forum (NQF)
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