HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology – 2025
Study Guide Exam Questions With
Correct Solutions.
The specialized junction from which nerve impulses pass from one neuron to the next is called a
_______________________. - Answer Synapse
Which type of bone has a diaphysis and two epiphyses? - Answer Long bone
Which of the following correctly describes the function of luteinizing hormone? - Answer It
stimulates the production of testosterone in males
Which of the following statements is incorrect about estrogen? - Answer It stimulates
ovulation ( This is the luteinizing hormone job)
What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction? - Answer Calcium binds to troponin and
leads to the uncovering of the active site of actin.
Which structure controls the activity of the endocrine system? - Answer Hypothalmus
The left atrium receives blood from the ______. - Answer Pulmonary vein
Which is the most abundant nervous tissue? - Answer Neuroglia
The tibia is _______ to the femur. - Answer Distal
Which of the following organelles would you expect to find an abundance of in leukocytes? -
Answer Lysosomes
A patient with a lower than normal amount of thrombocytes could be at risk of ____________. -
Answer extensive bleeding
A sprain occurs when which of the following structures is stretched or torn? - Answer
,What is the function of endocrine glands? - Answer They secrete hormones directly into the
blood.
Which of the following occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated? - Answer
Heart rate increases
Pupils dilate
Digestion slows down
Which bones form via intramembranous ossification? - Answer The flat bones of the skull, the
mandible, and clavicles
The carpals articulate with the distal ends of which two bones? - Answer Radius and ulna
Which of the following best describes the function of the mitral valve? - Answer Lets blood
flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle
Which type of connection do ligaments create? - Answer Bone to Bone
Which of the four chambers of the heart has the thickest muscular wall? - Answer Left
ventricle
Which important minerals are stored within the skeletal system? - Answer Calcium and
phosphorous
Which type of tissue is most widely distributed throughout the body? - Answer Connective
tissue
In which of the following reproductive structures does the fertilization of an ovum occur? -
Answer Fallopian tube
Which of the following structures is part of the upper respiratory system? - Answer Pharynx
Eccrine glands secrete a watery substance onto the surface of the skin to maintain temperature
homeostasis through which process? - Answer Evaporation
, Mitosis occurs in which layer of the skin? - Answer Stratum germinativum
A patient reveals to you that they were recently involved in a car accident that they believe
resulted in a deviated septum. Which of the following bones may have been injured in the
accident, resulting in the deviated septum? - Answer vomer is a thin, vertical bone in the nose.
Which of the following describes cellular respiration? - Answer It is an oxidative catabolic
activity
Which structure in the epidermis is responsible for cooling the body to maintain temperature
homeostasis? - Answer Eccrine glands ( produces sweat )
Which system coordinates and regulates processes within the body through the use of
hormones? - Answer Endocrine system
What is one of the functions of the hypothalamus? - Answer Regulate body temperature
Which of the following is the correct sequence of transport of filtrate from the nephrons to the
renal pelvis? - Answer Proximal Convoluted Tubule - Loop of Henle - Distal Convoluted Tubule -
Collecting Duct - Minor Calyx - Major Calyx - Renal Pelvis
Which of the following features of veins results in the venous system operating at lower
pressures than the arterial side? - Answer Veins have thinner, more compliant vessel walls
than arteries.
Which blood vessel delivers blood directly into the right atrium? - Answer Vena cava
Which of the following terms describes the process of forming new red blood cells? - Answer
Erythropoiesis
Which of the following salivary glands primarily contributes to the production and secretion of
saliva? - Answer Submandibular glands
Which of the following gets absorbed directly into the blood? - Answer Amino acids
Study Guide Exam Questions With
Correct Solutions.
The specialized junction from which nerve impulses pass from one neuron to the next is called a
_______________________. - Answer Synapse
Which type of bone has a diaphysis and two epiphyses? - Answer Long bone
Which of the following correctly describes the function of luteinizing hormone? - Answer It
stimulates the production of testosterone in males
Which of the following statements is incorrect about estrogen? - Answer It stimulates
ovulation ( This is the luteinizing hormone job)
What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction? - Answer Calcium binds to troponin and
leads to the uncovering of the active site of actin.
Which structure controls the activity of the endocrine system? - Answer Hypothalmus
The left atrium receives blood from the ______. - Answer Pulmonary vein
Which is the most abundant nervous tissue? - Answer Neuroglia
The tibia is _______ to the femur. - Answer Distal
Which of the following organelles would you expect to find an abundance of in leukocytes? -
Answer Lysosomes
A patient with a lower than normal amount of thrombocytes could be at risk of ____________. -
Answer extensive bleeding
A sprain occurs when which of the following structures is stretched or torn? - Answer
,What is the function of endocrine glands? - Answer They secrete hormones directly into the
blood.
Which of the following occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated? - Answer
Heart rate increases
Pupils dilate
Digestion slows down
Which bones form via intramembranous ossification? - Answer The flat bones of the skull, the
mandible, and clavicles
The carpals articulate with the distal ends of which two bones? - Answer Radius and ulna
Which of the following best describes the function of the mitral valve? - Answer Lets blood
flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle
Which type of connection do ligaments create? - Answer Bone to Bone
Which of the four chambers of the heart has the thickest muscular wall? - Answer Left
ventricle
Which important minerals are stored within the skeletal system? - Answer Calcium and
phosphorous
Which type of tissue is most widely distributed throughout the body? - Answer Connective
tissue
In which of the following reproductive structures does the fertilization of an ovum occur? -
Answer Fallopian tube
Which of the following structures is part of the upper respiratory system? - Answer Pharynx
Eccrine glands secrete a watery substance onto the surface of the skin to maintain temperature
homeostasis through which process? - Answer Evaporation
, Mitosis occurs in which layer of the skin? - Answer Stratum germinativum
A patient reveals to you that they were recently involved in a car accident that they believe
resulted in a deviated septum. Which of the following bones may have been injured in the
accident, resulting in the deviated septum? - Answer vomer is a thin, vertical bone in the nose.
Which of the following describes cellular respiration? - Answer It is an oxidative catabolic
activity
Which structure in the epidermis is responsible for cooling the body to maintain temperature
homeostasis? - Answer Eccrine glands ( produces sweat )
Which system coordinates and regulates processes within the body through the use of
hormones? - Answer Endocrine system
What is one of the functions of the hypothalamus? - Answer Regulate body temperature
Which of the following is the correct sequence of transport of filtrate from the nephrons to the
renal pelvis? - Answer Proximal Convoluted Tubule - Loop of Henle - Distal Convoluted Tubule -
Collecting Duct - Minor Calyx - Major Calyx - Renal Pelvis
Which of the following features of veins results in the venous system operating at lower
pressures than the arterial side? - Answer Veins have thinner, more compliant vessel walls
than arteries.
Which blood vessel delivers blood directly into the right atrium? - Answer Vena cava
Which of the following terms describes the process of forming new red blood cells? - Answer
Erythropoiesis
Which of the following salivary glands primarily contributes to the production and secretion of
saliva? - Answer Submandibular glands
Which of the following gets absorbed directly into the blood? - Answer Amino acids
