public health Quiz Bundle 2025 | Real Exam
Questions and Verified A+ Answers
health - a dynamic state of complete physical, mental, spiritual, and social well-being and
not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
public health - what we as a society do collectively to assure the conditions in which
people can be healthy
interventions to address health issues include - the structure and function of healthcare
delivery systems
and the role of public policies that affect health (even when health is not the intended effect)
pandemics - flue, polio, HIV
public health - life expectancy - responsible for 25 of the nearly 30 years of improved live
expectancy
ten great US public health achievements - vaccinations, safer workplace, safer food,
motor vehicle safety, disease control, family planning
3 core functions of public health - assessment, policy development, assurance
assessment function - Systematically collect, analyze, and make available information on
healthy communities. This is where priorities can be determined
policy development function - Promote the use of a scientific knowledge base in policy
and decision making. Aims to identify and solve local and national health problems
assurance function - Assure that all populations have access to appropriate and cost-
effective care
ten essential public health services - monitor health, diagnose and investigate,
inform/educate/empower, mobilize community partnership, develop policies, enforce laws,
provide care, assure competent workforce, evaluate, research
stakeholders - community, clinical care delivery system, employers, media, academia,
government
disciplines of public health - behavioral health, epidemiology, health management and
policy, environmental and occupational health
, P.E.R.I.E approach (problem, etiology, recommendations, implementation, evaluation) -
what is the health problem? what are contributory causes? what works to reduce
impacts? how can we get the job done? how well does the intervention work in practice?
burden of disease - The occurrence of disability (morbidity) and death (mortality) due to
a disease
course of a disease - how often the disease occurs, how likely it is to be present and what
happens once it occurs
the distribution of disease - who, when, where
incidence rate - # new cases per time period / # of people in at-risk population
(Burden of Disease)
prevalence rate - total # people with disease right now / # of people in at-risk population
(Course of Disease)
artifactual differences - Differences between population or changes in a population over
time due to changes in ways to identify the disease.
differences may be artifactual due to - changes in interest in disease identification,
changes in the ability of disease identification, changes in definition of the disease
cohort studies - The study groups follow a group of people who do not have the disease
for a period of time and see who develops the disease (new incidence)
Randomized Control: - The people participating in the trial are randomly allocated to
either the group receiving the treatment under investigation or to a group receiving standard
treatment (or placebo treatment) as the control. Randomization minimises selection bias and
the different comparison groups allow the researchers to determine any effects of the
treatment when compared with the no treatment (control) group, while other variables are
kept constant.
case control - Disease/No disease in a population over time (retrospective)
contributory cause implies - the cause increases the chances that the effect will develop.
(presence does not guarantee that the disease will develop, nor does absence guarantee it will
not develop)
how we establish cause in etiology - strength of relationship, dose response, consistency
in findings, biological plausibility
Questions and Verified A+ Answers
health - a dynamic state of complete physical, mental, spiritual, and social well-being and
not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
public health - what we as a society do collectively to assure the conditions in which
people can be healthy
interventions to address health issues include - the structure and function of healthcare
delivery systems
and the role of public policies that affect health (even when health is not the intended effect)
pandemics - flue, polio, HIV
public health - life expectancy - responsible for 25 of the nearly 30 years of improved live
expectancy
ten great US public health achievements - vaccinations, safer workplace, safer food,
motor vehicle safety, disease control, family planning
3 core functions of public health - assessment, policy development, assurance
assessment function - Systematically collect, analyze, and make available information on
healthy communities. This is where priorities can be determined
policy development function - Promote the use of a scientific knowledge base in policy
and decision making. Aims to identify and solve local and national health problems
assurance function - Assure that all populations have access to appropriate and cost-
effective care
ten essential public health services - monitor health, diagnose and investigate,
inform/educate/empower, mobilize community partnership, develop policies, enforce laws,
provide care, assure competent workforce, evaluate, research
stakeholders - community, clinical care delivery system, employers, media, academia,
government
disciplines of public health - behavioral health, epidemiology, health management and
policy, environmental and occupational health
, P.E.R.I.E approach (problem, etiology, recommendations, implementation, evaluation) -
what is the health problem? what are contributory causes? what works to reduce
impacts? how can we get the job done? how well does the intervention work in practice?
burden of disease - The occurrence of disability (morbidity) and death (mortality) due to
a disease
course of a disease - how often the disease occurs, how likely it is to be present and what
happens once it occurs
the distribution of disease - who, when, where
incidence rate - # new cases per time period / # of people in at-risk population
(Burden of Disease)
prevalence rate - total # people with disease right now / # of people in at-risk population
(Course of Disease)
artifactual differences - Differences between population or changes in a population over
time due to changes in ways to identify the disease.
differences may be artifactual due to - changes in interest in disease identification,
changes in the ability of disease identification, changes in definition of the disease
cohort studies - The study groups follow a group of people who do not have the disease
for a period of time and see who develops the disease (new incidence)
Randomized Control: - The people participating in the trial are randomly allocated to
either the group receiving the treatment under investigation or to a group receiving standard
treatment (or placebo treatment) as the control. Randomization minimises selection bias and
the different comparison groups allow the researchers to determine any effects of the
treatment when compared with the no treatment (control) group, while other variables are
kept constant.
case control - Disease/No disease in a population over time (retrospective)
contributory cause implies - the cause increases the chances that the effect will develop.
(presence does not guarantee that the disease will develop, nor does absence guarantee it will
not develop)
how we establish cause in etiology - strength of relationship, dose response, consistency
in findings, biological plausibility
