Molecular cell biology Proctored Exam Complete Solutions 100% Verified Answers.

The central dogma of molecular biology states that information transfer is absolutely not allowed in which one of the following conditions? - correct answer Transfer from protein to RNA Which of the following is not one of the main components of cell theory? - correct answer Cells must contain DNA The diagram to the left represents a: - correct answer Nucleotide The diagram to the left depicts the substrate for: - correct answer RNA If this monomer were located at the tail end of its polymer, which chemical group represents the 3' end? - correct answer c Which of the following requires primase activity? - correct answer Both leading and lagging strand Which enzyme or protein ensures that DNA polymerase remains attached to the template throughout replication? - correct answer Sliding clamp proteins Assume that single-stranded DNA binding proteins were in the process of binding to DNA template to keep a replication fork open; if considering DNA replication in a sequential fashion, which enzyme or protein would be next in the series of enzymes/proteins involved in replication: - correct answer Primase Cyclophosphamide is a drug treatment for nucleoplasms. The drug causes the formation of bridges between guanines and prevents DNA replication because it causes significant deformation of the DNA molecule. Keeping this in mind, which of the following enzymes or proteins involved in DNA replication would primarily be affected: - correct answer DNA polymerase 3 (responsible for overall DNA replication) If guanidine bridges were formed by this drug anywhere on the parent template strand, but not in the origins of replication, would DNA replication even begin if this drug were present? - correct answer Yes Here is a nucleotide sequence 5'-ATGCAAGGTT-3'. Choose the answer that correctly identifies both the polymer that this sequence represents and the complementary nucleotide sequence written in the 3' to 5' direction: - correct answer DNA; TACGTTCCAA Helicase - correct answer quick stop phenotype (immediate stop of replication) An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks. Ligase - correct answer no-stop phenotype (replication would continue) An enzyme that connects two fragments of DNA to make a single fragment; . This enzyme is used during DNA replication and is also used in recombinant DNA research. Topoisomerase - correct answer slow-stop phenotype (replication would slow down and then eventually stop) An enzyme that cuts one or both strands of DNA to relieve the excess tension caused by the unwinding of the helix by helicase during replication. Which of the following statements is not true of telomerase? - correct answer Telomerase prevents supercoiling of double stranded DNA During transcription of a particular gene in eukaryotes, the RNA polymerase will transcribe: - correct answer only one of the DNA strands, moving in a 3' to 5' for one and 5' to 3' along the other Unwinding of the double stranded DNA molecule to allow access of RNA polymerase to the template is mediated by the same DNA Helicase used in replication. - correct answer false which general transcription factor is specifically responsible for recognizing the promoter? - correct answer TFIID A promoter: - correct answer dictates which of the two DNA strands is to be used as a template, positions the RNA polymerase exactly over the start point, is utilized during the binding stage of transcription, recruits the RNA polymerase to the template which phase of the eukaryotic transcription is depicted in the diagram to the left: - correct answer elongation where on the DNA template is the RNA polymerase II locate? - correct answer downstream of the promoter which strand is the coding strand? - correct answer C where is the 5' end of the new RNA transcript? - correct answer C what would happen to transcription of a DNA template if Rho were non-functional and the sequence to allow formation of a stem-loop structure did not exist? - correct answer transcription would continue on indefinitely the actual translation of mRNAs (the synthesis of protein) begins? - correct answer a site downstream of the 5' UTR Initiation of eukaryotic protein synthesis depends on the formation of a crucial complex called the "pre-initiation complex". choose the answer that correctly lists the components of this complex. - correct answer elf2, 2 GTPs, Met-tRNA, small ribosomal subunit Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. It is a protein synthesis inhibitor. It binds to the small ribosomal subunit of microbial ribosomes. They inhibit protein synthesis by blocking the attachment of charged aminoacyl-tRNA to the A site. Thus, they: - correct answer prevent introduction of new amino acids to the ribosome during elongation Tetracycline is a common treatment for acne. would translation be inhibited within normal skin cells? - correct answer NO Aminoglycosides are common antibiotics possessing one primary mode of action: it binds irreversibly to the large bacterial ribosomal subunit. If amikacin were to be used prior to protein synthesis, which step of Translation would most likely be affected? - correct answer initiation If amikacin were to be used after protein synthesis were already in progress, which 'sub-step' step of the elongation cycle of translation would most likely be affected: - correct answer translocation an amino acid contains which of the following chemical groups: - correct answer a carboxyl group and an amino group What species of tRNA is located in the A site: - correct answer charged tRNA The above diagram is representative of which stage of elongation cycle; - correct answer immediately after a new aminoacyl-tRNA is delivered to the ribosome but before peptide bond formation Each amino acid is represented by a circle. the amino terminus of the growing peptide is represented by which amino acid? - correct answer A The amino acid labeled"B" is methionine - correct answer False does the sub-step of the elongation cycle depicted by the transition from a to b require energy in the form of GTP hydrolysis? - correct answer YES what component of the ribosomal complex is responsible for the reaction occurring in the transition from B to C? - correct answer ribososmal RNAs did this reaction from B to C require energy in the form of GTP hydrolysis? - correct answer NO only focusing on figure D of the diagram, how many GTPs were utilized as a source of energy to create the polypeptide depicted? - correct answer 2 Molecule that mediates the process of Replication - correct answer DNA polymerase Molecule that mediates the process of Transcription - correct answer RNA Polymerase Molecule that mediates the process of Translation: - correct answer rRNA or ribosomes Product of Replication: - correct answer Double stranded DNA product of Transcription: - correct answer RNA Product of Translation: - correct answer Proteins Template for Replication - correct answer Double stranded DNA template for transcription - correct answer Single stranded DNA template for translation - correct answer mRNA direction template is read for replication - correct answer 3' to 5' direction template is read for transcription - correct answer 3' to 5' direction template is read for translation - correct answer 5' to 3' direction in which the product is synthesized for replication - correct answer 5' to 3'