BMSC 230 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
What is metabolism? - ANSWER collection of enzyme catalyzed reactions including
reactions that produce biomolecules our bodies need and reactions that breakdown our
food for energy
metabolism is the sum of? - ANSWER anabolism and catabolism
what is anabolism - ANSWER reaction in which small simple molecules are converted
into larger more complex molecules these reactions need energy
what is catabolism - ANSWER reactions in which molecules are converted into simpler
smaller molecules these reactions produce energy
what are amphibolic pathways? - ANSWER pathways that can be used for anabolism or
catabolism
what are some functions of metabolism - ANSWER obtaining ATP from energy rich
nutrients, converting ingested molecules into larger building blocks, assembling these
building blocks, and to synthesize or degrade biomolecules
what is a metabolic pathway - ANSWER series of linked reactions that converts a
starting biomolecule into a final product biomolecule (enzyme driven)
true or false: reactions in a pathway can be reversible or irreversible - ANSWER true
which reaction in the pathway regulates the rest of the pathway? - ANSWER the first
reaction
which reaction in the pathway is usually irreversible? - ANSWER the first reaction
what is energy required to power? - ANSWER muscle contraction, cell movement,
biosynthesis
what are phototrophs - ANSWER obtain energy by capturing sunlight
What are chemoorganotrophs? - ANSWER obtain energy by the oxidation of carbon
fuels
what do enzymes do and what do they not do - ANSWER enzymes speed up the rate of
the reaction but they do not change their equilibrium constant
what are the two thermodynamic properties of a reaction - ANSWER free energy
difference between reactants and products (delta G) and the activation energy
, what determines whether a reaction will take place spontaneously i.e. whether it is
possible, - ANSWER free energy difference between products and reactants (delta G)
what determines the rate at which a reaction would proceed? - ANSWER activation
energy, because a low activation energy means that the reactants need less energy for
the reaction to proceed and thus would make the reaction proceed much quicker
what happens when the equilibrium constant (Keq)=1, - ANSWER free energy diff (delta
G) is 0 and reaction is at equilibrium
what happens when the equilibrium constant (Keq)<1, - ANSWER free energy diff (delta
G) is positive and reaction does not proceed but it favors the reverse reaction. It does
not proceed because diff between products and reactants is positive meaning it needs
energy to proceed, it wont happen unless it gets energy
what happens when the equilibrium constant (Keq)>1, - ANSWER free energy diff (delta
G) is negative and it favors the forward reaction (spontaneous reaction) the reaction
would proceed because free energy diff between products and reactants is a negative
value, the reaction released energy meaning it went through
How can a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction be driven? - ANSWER by coupling
the two reactions, unfavorable reaction can be combined with a strongly favorable
reaction such a big delta G value that released alot of energy
what is ATP - ANSWER energy currency of the cell
what are the two high energy bonds of ATP - ANSWER acid anhydride
Why is the hydrolysis of ATP such a high energy bond? big negative delta G value -
ANSWER electrostatic repulsion, resonance stabilization, stabilization by hydration,
increase in entropy
Where does the energy that ATP possesses come from? - ANSWER catabolism
(breakdown) of biomolecules that we eat
what is a redox reaction - ANSWER when molecules in a reaction are being oxidized
(losing electrons) and reduced(gaining electrons at the same time)
give me an example of an electron carrier - ANSWER NAD+
give me an example of a second activated carrier of electrons - ANSWER FAD
what are activated carries that act as coenzymes derived from? - ANSWER vitamins
especially (vitamin B)
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
What is metabolism? - ANSWER collection of enzyme catalyzed reactions including
reactions that produce biomolecules our bodies need and reactions that breakdown our
food for energy
metabolism is the sum of? - ANSWER anabolism and catabolism
what is anabolism - ANSWER reaction in which small simple molecules are converted
into larger more complex molecules these reactions need energy
what is catabolism - ANSWER reactions in which molecules are converted into simpler
smaller molecules these reactions produce energy
what are amphibolic pathways? - ANSWER pathways that can be used for anabolism or
catabolism
what are some functions of metabolism - ANSWER obtaining ATP from energy rich
nutrients, converting ingested molecules into larger building blocks, assembling these
building blocks, and to synthesize or degrade biomolecules
what is a metabolic pathway - ANSWER series of linked reactions that converts a
starting biomolecule into a final product biomolecule (enzyme driven)
true or false: reactions in a pathway can be reversible or irreversible - ANSWER true
which reaction in the pathway regulates the rest of the pathway? - ANSWER the first
reaction
which reaction in the pathway is usually irreversible? - ANSWER the first reaction
what is energy required to power? - ANSWER muscle contraction, cell movement,
biosynthesis
what are phototrophs - ANSWER obtain energy by capturing sunlight
What are chemoorganotrophs? - ANSWER obtain energy by the oxidation of carbon
fuels
what do enzymes do and what do they not do - ANSWER enzymes speed up the rate of
the reaction but they do not change their equilibrium constant
what are the two thermodynamic properties of a reaction - ANSWER free energy
difference between reactants and products (delta G) and the activation energy
, what determines whether a reaction will take place spontaneously i.e. whether it is
possible, - ANSWER free energy difference between products and reactants (delta G)
what determines the rate at which a reaction would proceed? - ANSWER activation
energy, because a low activation energy means that the reactants need less energy for
the reaction to proceed and thus would make the reaction proceed much quicker
what happens when the equilibrium constant (Keq)=1, - ANSWER free energy diff (delta
G) is 0 and reaction is at equilibrium
what happens when the equilibrium constant (Keq)<1, - ANSWER free energy diff (delta
G) is positive and reaction does not proceed but it favors the reverse reaction. It does
not proceed because diff between products and reactants is positive meaning it needs
energy to proceed, it wont happen unless it gets energy
what happens when the equilibrium constant (Keq)>1, - ANSWER free energy diff (delta
G) is negative and it favors the forward reaction (spontaneous reaction) the reaction
would proceed because free energy diff between products and reactants is a negative
value, the reaction released energy meaning it went through
How can a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction be driven? - ANSWER by coupling
the two reactions, unfavorable reaction can be combined with a strongly favorable
reaction such a big delta G value that released alot of energy
what is ATP - ANSWER energy currency of the cell
what are the two high energy bonds of ATP - ANSWER acid anhydride
Why is the hydrolysis of ATP such a high energy bond? big negative delta G value -
ANSWER electrostatic repulsion, resonance stabilization, stabilization by hydration,
increase in entropy
Where does the energy that ATP possesses come from? - ANSWER catabolism
(breakdown) of biomolecules that we eat
what is a redox reaction - ANSWER when molecules in a reaction are being oxidized
(losing electrons) and reduced(gaining electrons at the same time)
give me an example of an electron carrier - ANSWER NAD+
give me an example of a second activated carrier of electrons - ANSWER FAD
what are activated carries that act as coenzymes derived from? - ANSWER vitamins
especially (vitamin B)
