Biology 1108 – Exam Questions with Correct Answers 2025

Biology 1108 – Exam Questions with
Correct Answers 2025
EvolutionW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
DescentWwithWmodifications;WtheWideaWthatWlivingWspeciesWareWdescendantsWofWancestralWspecie
sWthatWwereWdifferentWfromWtheWpresentWdayWones.



NaturalWSelectionW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
AWprocessWinWwhichWindividualsWthatWhaveWcertainWinheritedWtraitsWtendWtoWsurviveWandWreprod
uceWatWhigherWratesWthanWotherWindividualsWbecauseWofWthoseWtraits.



EvolutionaryWAdaptationW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
AWgenotypeWofWinheritedWtraitsWthatWenhanceWanWindividualsWabilityWtoWsurviveWandWreproduceWi
nWaWparticularWmovement.



HomologyW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-SimilarityWinWcharacteristicsWresultingWfromWaWsharedWancestry.



VestigialWStructuresW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
AWfeatureWofWanWorganismWthatWisWaWhistoricalWremnantWofWaWstructureWthatWservedWaWfunctionWi
nWtheWorganism'sWancestors.WEx.WpelvisWandWlegWbonesWinWsomeWsnakes



ConvergentWEvolutionW(AnalogousWStructure)W-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
TheWevolutionWofWsimilarWfeaturesWinWindependentWevolutionaryWlineages.WInWsuchWexamplesWinW
whichWspeciesWshareWfeaturesWbecauseWofWconvergentWevolution,WtheWresemblanceWisWsaidWtoWb
eWanalogous,WnotWhomologous.WAnalogousWfeaturesWshareWsimilarWfunctionWbutWnotWcommonWa
ncestry.



BiogeographyW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
TheWscientificWstudyWofWtheWpastWandWpresentWgeographicWdistributionsWofWspecies.

,EndemicW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
ReferringWtoWaWspeciesWthatWisWconfinedWtoWaWspecificWgeographicWarea.



MicroevolutionW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
EvolutionaryWchangeWbelowWtheWspeciesWlevel;WchangeWinWtheWalleleWfrequenciesWinWaWpopulatio
nWoverWgenerations.



ModernWSynthesisW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
AWconsolidationWofWtheWresultsWofWvariousWlinesWofWinvestigationWfromWtheW1920sWthroughWtheW1
950sWthatWsupportedWandWreconciledWtheWDarwinianWtheoryWofWevolutionWandWtheWMendelianWl
awsWofWinheritanceWinWtermsWofWnaturalWselectionWactingWonWgeneticWvariation



GeneticWDriftW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
AWprocessWinWwhichWchanceWeventsWcauseWunpredictableWfluctuationsWinWalleleWfrequenciesWfro
mWoneWgenerationWtoWtheWnext.WEffectsWofWgeneticWdriftWareWmoreWpronouncedWinWsmallWpopula
tions.



GeneWFlowW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
TheWtransferWofWallelesWfromWoneWpopulationWtoWanother,WresultingWfromWtheWmovementWofWfert
ileWindividualsWorWtheirWgametes.



MutationW(PointWmutationWandWchromosomalWchanges)W-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
AWchangeWinWtheWnucleotideWsequenceWofWanWorganism'sWDNAWorWinWtheWDNAWorWRNAWofWaWviru
s.

P.M.W-WAWchangeWinWaWsingleWnucleotideWpairW(baseWpair)WofWaWgene.WEx.WSickleWcellWanemia

C.C.W-WDeletion,WinsertionWorWrearrangementWofWalreadyWpresentWloci.WFrequentlyWharmful.



PopulationW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
AWgroupWofWindividualsWofWtheWsameWspeciesWthatWliveWinWtheWsameWareaWandWinterbreed,Wprod
ucingWfertileWoffspring.

, GeneWPoolW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
TheWaggregateWofWallWcopiesWofWeveryWtypeWofWalleleWatWallWlociWinWeveryWindividualWinWaWpopulat
ion.WTheWtermWisWalsoWusedWinWaWmoreWrestrictedWsenseWasWtheWaggregateWofWallelesWforWjustWon
eWorWaWfewWlociWinWaWpopulation.



H.W.E.W&WAssociationWAssumptionsW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
TheWstateWofWaWpopulationWinWwhichWfrequenciesWofWallelesWandWgenotypesWremainWconstantWfr
omWgenerationWtoWgeneration,WprovidedWthatWonlyWMendelianWsegregationWandWrecombinationW
ofWallelesWareWatWwork.



FounderWEffectW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
AWfewWindividualsWbecomeWisolatedWfromWlargerWpopulationWandWestablishWaWnewWpopulationWw
hoseWgeneWpoolWdiffersWfromWtheWsourceWpopulation.WEx.WtheWremarkablyWhighWdeafWpopulation
WofWMartha'sWVineyard,WwhichWresultedWinWtheWdevelopmentWofWMartha'sWVineyardWSignWLangu


age



BottleneckWEffectW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
SizeWofWpopulationWisWreducedWbyWaWsuddenWchangeWinWenvironmentWandWtheWsurvivingWgeneWp
oolWdiffersWfromWoriginalWpopulation.WEx.WIllinoisWGreaterWPrairieWChicken



ModesWofWSelectionW-WDirectional

Disruptive

StabilizingW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-DirectionalW-
WCommonWinWenvironmentsWthatWundergoWfluctuationsWorWwhereWmigrationWisWcommon.WEx.WEu


ropeanWblackWbearsW-WincreaseWinWsizeWduringWglacialWperiods

DisruptiveW-WExtremeWtraitsWfavored.WEx.WCameroonWblack-belliedWseed-crackerWfinches.

StabilizingW-
WModerateWisWfavored.WEx.WGallWformingWinsects.W*IfWgallWisWtooWlarge,WobviousWtoWpredatorsW(bir


ds)WifWgallWisWtooWsmall,WinhabitantWisWvulnerableWtoWparasites.