CCC NURS275 Orthopedics Exam Questions with Correct Answers Already Passed
What is the single most important predictor for falls? - Answers A recent history of falling.
What are three possible signs of hip dislocation post-surgery? - Answers Increased hip pain
Shortening of the affected leg
Leg rotation
What are the four major muscle enzymes affected in skeletal muscle disease or injury?
What other enzyme is affected by bone or liver damage? - Answers Creatine-kinase (CK-MM)
AST
Alsolase (ALD)
Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH)
Also Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
How is ALP related to bone damage/disease? - Answers Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) exists in the blood
normally. It increases during bone damage or disease, as it leaks into the blood stream.
How is Creatine-kinase (CK-MM) related to muscle damage/disease? - Answers Serum CK-MM levels rise
within 2-4 hours after muscle injury.
Inaccuracies may be due to exercise, and certain drugs, and muscle diseases.
How is AST related to muscle damage/disease? - Answers It is moderately elevated in certain muscule
diseases, such as muscular dystrophy.
How is LDH related to muscle damage/disease? - Answers Elevations may indicate muscle trauma,
progressive muscular dystrophy.
How is Aldolase (ALD) related to muscle damage/disease? - Answers Elevations may indicate muscular
dystrophy, or polymyositis or dermatomyositis.
What might be indicated by hyercalcemia? - Answers Bone fractures in healing stage
metastaic cancers of the bone
Paget's disease - enlarged and/or misshapen bones - usually disorganized bone remodelling
, Why might be indicated by hypocalcemia? - Answers Osteoporosis - weakened and brittle bones
Osteomalacia - softening of bones
What might be indicated by elevated phosphorus/hyperphosphatemia? - Answers Bone fractures in
healing stage
Bone tumors
Acromegaly - growth of bones after puberty
What might be indicated by lowered levels of phosphorus/hypophosphatemia? - Answers Osteomalacia
- softening of bones, often from Vit D deficiency
What is the highest priority for nursing care post-arthroscopy? - Answers Assessing neurovascular status
of the affected limb hourly, or more often as indicated by agency or surgeon.
What is the single more effective exercise for osteoporosis prevention? - Answers Walking 30 minutes
three to five times a week.
What classifications of medications are there for treatment of osteoporosis? - Answers Bisphosphonates
- slow bone reabsorption
Calcitonin
Estrogen agonist/antagonists
What are important considerations and patient teachings for oral biphosphonates? (Fosomax) - Answers
They are associated with esophagitis and esophogeal ulcers
They must be taken early in the morning with 8 oz of water, and pt should wait 30-60 minutes upright,
before eating.
What are some biphosphonate medications, and what route are they usually taken? - Answers
Fosamax/alendronate - oral
Boniva/ibandronate - oral and IV
Actonel/risedronate
Reclast/zoledronic acid - IV - yearly
Aredia/Pamidronate - IV - 3-6 months
Reclast and Aredia have been linked to jaw osteonecrosis.
What is the single most important predictor for falls? - Answers A recent history of falling.
What are three possible signs of hip dislocation post-surgery? - Answers Increased hip pain
Shortening of the affected leg
Leg rotation
What are the four major muscle enzymes affected in skeletal muscle disease or injury?
What other enzyme is affected by bone or liver damage? - Answers Creatine-kinase (CK-MM)
AST
Alsolase (ALD)
Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH)
Also Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
How is ALP related to bone damage/disease? - Answers Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) exists in the blood
normally. It increases during bone damage or disease, as it leaks into the blood stream.
How is Creatine-kinase (CK-MM) related to muscle damage/disease? - Answers Serum CK-MM levels rise
within 2-4 hours after muscle injury.
Inaccuracies may be due to exercise, and certain drugs, and muscle diseases.
How is AST related to muscle damage/disease? - Answers It is moderately elevated in certain muscule
diseases, such as muscular dystrophy.
How is LDH related to muscle damage/disease? - Answers Elevations may indicate muscle trauma,
progressive muscular dystrophy.
How is Aldolase (ALD) related to muscle damage/disease? - Answers Elevations may indicate muscular
dystrophy, or polymyositis or dermatomyositis.
What might be indicated by hyercalcemia? - Answers Bone fractures in healing stage
metastaic cancers of the bone
Paget's disease - enlarged and/or misshapen bones - usually disorganized bone remodelling
, Why might be indicated by hypocalcemia? - Answers Osteoporosis - weakened and brittle bones
Osteomalacia - softening of bones
What might be indicated by elevated phosphorus/hyperphosphatemia? - Answers Bone fractures in
healing stage
Bone tumors
Acromegaly - growth of bones after puberty
What might be indicated by lowered levels of phosphorus/hypophosphatemia? - Answers Osteomalacia
- softening of bones, often from Vit D deficiency
What is the highest priority for nursing care post-arthroscopy? - Answers Assessing neurovascular status
of the affected limb hourly, or more often as indicated by agency or surgeon.
What is the single more effective exercise for osteoporosis prevention? - Answers Walking 30 minutes
three to five times a week.
What classifications of medications are there for treatment of osteoporosis? - Answers Bisphosphonates
- slow bone reabsorption
Calcitonin
Estrogen agonist/antagonists
What are important considerations and patient teachings for oral biphosphonates? (Fosomax) - Answers
They are associated with esophagitis and esophogeal ulcers
They must be taken early in the morning with 8 oz of water, and pt should wait 30-60 minutes upright,
before eating.
What are some biphosphonate medications, and what route are they usually taken? - Answers
Fosamax/alendronate - oral
Boniva/ibandronate - oral and IV
Actonel/risedronate
Reclast/zoledronic acid - IV - yearly
Aredia/Pamidronate - IV - 3-6 months
Reclast and Aredia have been linked to jaw osteonecrosis.
