PE-- Paper 1 AQA A Level Questions and
Answers 2025
Fitnessa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theaabilityatoacopeawithatheademandsamadeaduringaanaindividualadayatoadayalife
Cardiacaoutputa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theavolumeaofabloodapumpedaoutafromatheaheartsaleftaventriclesainaoneaminute.astrokea
volumeaxaheartarate
Strokeavolumea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theavolumeaofabloodapumpedabyathealeftaventricleainaeachacontraction
Heartaratea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-numberaofabeatsaperaminute
Bradycardiaa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-restingaheartarateabelowa60bpm
Venousareturna-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theavolumeaofabloodareturnedatoatheaheartsarightaatriumaperaminaviaatheaveins
Maxaheartaratea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-220-age
Starlingsalawa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theagreateratheaforceaofacontraction,atheagreateratheaejectionafaction
Cardiacahypertrophya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-increasedacardiacamuscleamass
Cardiacaconductionasystema-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aagroupaofaspecialisedacardiacamuscleacellsainatheawallsaofatheaheartathatasendasignalsatoath
eaheartatissue
Sinoatrialanodea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-pacemakeraofatheaheart
Atrioventricularanodea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
whereatheaimpulseapausesainatheacardiacaconductionasystem
Sympathetica-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-'fightaoraflight'a-aspeedsaupaheartarate
Parasympathetica-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-maintainsaheartarateaataresta-
aslowsadownaheartarate
Anticipatoryarisea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
increaseainaheartarateainaanticipationaofaanaevent
Myogenica-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-originatingainamuscleatissue
Vascularashuntinga-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-bloodacanabearedistributedatoabodyaparts
Chemoreceptorsa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-detectachangesainachemicals
Medullaaoblongataa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
inatheabrain,amotoraandasensoryaneuronsatravelathrough
Tidalavolumea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
amountaofaairathatamovesainaandaoutaofathealungsaperabreathe
Inspiratoryareserveavolumea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
maximumaamountaofaairathatacanabeaforceblyainspiredainaadditionatoatidalavolume
Expiratoryareserveavolumea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
maximumaamountaofaairathatacanabeaforciblyaexpiredainaadditionatoatidalavolume
Vitalacapacitya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
maximumavolumeaofaairaexhaledaafteraaamaximalainspiration
,Residualavolumea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
amountaofaairaremainingainathealungsaafteraaamaximalaexpiration
Totalalungacapacitya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-vitalacapacitya+aresidualavolume
Minuteaventilationa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theaamountaofaairamovedainaandaoutaofathealungsaina1amin
Bohrashifta-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
whenaanaincreaseainaco2aandaaadecreaseainapharesultsainaaareductionaofatheaaffinityaofahaem
oglobinaforaoxygen.agraphashiftsatoathearight.
Roleaofatheainspiratoryacentrea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
responsibleaforainspirationaandaexpiration
Roleaofatheaexpiratoryacentrea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
stimulatesatheaexpiratoryamusclesaduringaexercise
Theaorderaofaneural/chemicalacontrolaforaincreasedainspirationaduringaexerciseais:A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-receptorsa-amedullaaoblongataa-aphrenicanervea-
ainspiratoryamusclesa(diaphragm,aexternalaintercostals,ascalenesaandapectoralisaminor)
Theaorderaofaneural/chemicalacontrolaforaexpirationaduringaexerciseais:A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-receptorsa-amedullaaoblongataa-aintercostalanervea-
aabdominalsaandainternalaintercostals
Ballaandasocketa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-aajointathataallowsamovementainaeveryadirection
Hingeajointsa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aajointathatathataallowsamovementainaonlyaoneadirection
Sagittalaplane/transverseaaxisa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aaplane/axisathatapassesathroughatheabodyafrontatoaback,asoadividingaitaintoaleftaandaright.ael
bowaandakneea(flexionaandaextension)
Frontalaplane/sagittalaaxisa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aaplane/axisathatapassesathroughatheasideaofatheabody,asoadividingaitaintoatheafrontaandaback
.ashoulderaandahipa(adductionaandaabduction)
Transverseaplane/longitudinalaaxisa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aaplane/axisathatapassesathroughatheamiddleaofatheabody,asoadividingaitaintoatheabottomaanda
top.ashoulderaandahipa(horizontalaadductionaandaabduction)
Agonista-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theamusclearesponsibleaforatheamovementathataisaoccurring
Antagonista-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-theamuscleathataworksainaoppositionatoatheaagonist
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainaelbowaflexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
abiceps
Antagonista-atriceps
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainaelbowaextensiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
atriceps
Antagonista-abiceps
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainaankleaplantar-flexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
agonista-agastrocnemius
Antagonista-atibialisaanterior
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainaankleadorsi-flexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
atibialisaanterior
Antagonista-agastrocnemius
, Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainakneeaflexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
ahamstrings
Antagonista-aquadriceps
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainakneeaextensiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
aquadriceps
Antagonista-ahamstrings
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipaflexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
ahipaflexors
Antagonista-agluteals
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipaextension/hyper-extensiona-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-agluteals
Antagonista-ahipaflexors
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipaadductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
aadductors
Antagonista-atensorafascia
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipaabductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
atensorafascia
Antagonista-aadductors
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipahorizontalaadductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
agonista-aadductors
Antagonista-atensorafascia
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipahorizontalaabductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
agonista-atensorafascia
Antagonista-aadductors
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderaflexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
aanterioradeltoid
Antagonista-alatissimusadorsi
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderaextension/hyper-extensiona-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-alatissimusadorsi
Antagonista-aanterioradeltoid
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderahorizontalaabductiona-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-alatissimusadorsi
Antagonista-apectorals
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderahorizontalaadductiona-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-apectorals
Antagonista-alatissimusadorsi
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderaadductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
alatissimusadorsi
Antagonista-adeltoid
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderaabductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
adeltoid
Antagonista-alatissimsadorsi
Concentricacontractiona(Isotonic)A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
whenaaamuscleashortensaunderatension
Eccentricacontractiona(Isotonic)A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
whenaaamusclealengthensaunderatension
Answers 2025
Fitnessa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theaabilityatoacopeawithatheademandsamadeaduringaanaindividualadayatoadayalife
Cardiacaoutputa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theavolumeaofabloodapumpedaoutafromatheaheartsaleftaventriclesainaoneaminute.astrokea
volumeaxaheartarate
Strokeavolumea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theavolumeaofabloodapumpedabyathealeftaventricleainaeachacontraction
Heartaratea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-numberaofabeatsaperaminute
Bradycardiaa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-restingaheartarateabelowa60bpm
Venousareturna-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theavolumeaofabloodareturnedatoatheaheartsarightaatriumaperaminaviaatheaveins
Maxaheartaratea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-220-age
Starlingsalawa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theagreateratheaforceaofacontraction,atheagreateratheaejectionafaction
Cardiacahypertrophya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-increasedacardiacamuscleamass
Cardiacaconductionasystema-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aagroupaofaspecialisedacardiacamuscleacellsainatheawallsaofatheaheartathatasendasignalsatoath
eaheartatissue
Sinoatrialanodea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-pacemakeraofatheaheart
Atrioventricularanodea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
whereatheaimpulseapausesainatheacardiacaconductionasystem
Sympathetica-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-'fightaoraflight'a-aspeedsaupaheartarate
Parasympathetica-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-maintainsaheartarateaataresta-
aslowsadownaheartarate
Anticipatoryarisea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
increaseainaheartarateainaanticipationaofaanaevent
Myogenica-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-originatingainamuscleatissue
Vascularashuntinga-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-bloodacanabearedistributedatoabodyaparts
Chemoreceptorsa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-detectachangesainachemicals
Medullaaoblongataa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
inatheabrain,amotoraandasensoryaneuronsatravelathrough
Tidalavolumea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
amountaofaairathatamovesainaandaoutaofathealungsaperabreathe
Inspiratoryareserveavolumea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
maximumaamountaofaairathatacanabeaforceblyainspiredainaadditionatoatidalavolume
Expiratoryareserveavolumea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
maximumaamountaofaairathatacanabeaforciblyaexpiredainaadditionatoatidalavolume
Vitalacapacitya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
maximumavolumeaofaairaexhaledaafteraaamaximalainspiration
,Residualavolumea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
amountaofaairaremainingainathealungsaafteraaamaximalaexpiration
Totalalungacapacitya-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-vitalacapacitya+aresidualavolume
Minuteaventilationa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theaamountaofaairamovedainaandaoutaofathealungsaina1amin
Bohrashifta-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
whenaanaincreaseainaco2aandaaadecreaseainapharesultsainaaareductionaofatheaaffinityaofahaem
oglobinaforaoxygen.agraphashiftsatoathearight.
Roleaofatheainspiratoryacentrea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
responsibleaforainspirationaandaexpiration
Roleaofatheaexpiratoryacentrea-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
stimulatesatheaexpiratoryamusclesaduringaexercise
Theaorderaofaneural/chemicalacontrolaforaincreasedainspirationaduringaexerciseais:A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-receptorsa-amedullaaoblongataa-aphrenicanervea-
ainspiratoryamusclesa(diaphragm,aexternalaintercostals,ascalenesaandapectoralisaminor)
Theaorderaofaneural/chemicalacontrolaforaexpirationaduringaexerciseais:A-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-receptorsa-amedullaaoblongataa-aintercostalanervea-
aabdominalsaandainternalaintercostals
Ballaandasocketa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-aajointathataallowsamovementainaeveryadirection
Hingeajointsa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aajointathatathataallowsamovementainaonlyaoneadirection
Sagittalaplane/transverseaaxisa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aaplane/axisathatapassesathroughatheabodyafrontatoaback,asoadividingaitaintoaleftaandaright.ael
bowaandakneea(flexionaandaextension)
Frontalaplane/sagittalaaxisa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aaplane/axisathatapassesathroughatheasideaofatheabody,asoadividingaitaintoatheafrontaandaback
.ashoulderaandahipa(adductionaandaabduction)
Transverseaplane/longitudinalaaxisa-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aaplane/axisathatapassesathroughatheamiddleaofatheabody,asoadividingaitaintoatheabottomaanda
top.ashoulderaandahipa(horizontalaadductionaandaabduction)
Agonista-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theamusclearesponsibleaforatheamovementathataisaoccurring
Antagonista-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-theamuscleathataworksainaoppositionatoatheaagonist
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainaelbowaflexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
abiceps
Antagonista-atriceps
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainaelbowaextensiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
atriceps
Antagonista-abiceps
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainaankleaplantar-flexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
agonista-agastrocnemius
Antagonista-atibialisaanterior
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainaankleadorsi-flexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
atibialisaanterior
Antagonista-agastrocnemius
, Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainakneeaflexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
ahamstrings
Antagonista-aquadriceps
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainakneeaextensiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
aquadriceps
Antagonista-ahamstrings
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipaflexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
ahipaflexors
Antagonista-agluteals
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipaextension/hyper-extensiona-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-agluteals
Antagonista-ahipaflexors
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipaadductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
aadductors
Antagonista-atensorafascia
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipaabductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
atensorafascia
Antagonista-aadductors
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipahorizontalaadductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
agonista-aadductors
Antagonista-atensorafascia
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainahipahorizontalaabductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
agonista-atensorafascia
Antagonista-aadductors
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderaflexiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
aanterioradeltoid
Antagonista-alatissimusadorsi
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderaextension/hyper-extensiona-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-alatissimusadorsi
Antagonista-aanterioradeltoid
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderahorizontalaabductiona-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-alatissimusadorsi
Antagonista-apectorals
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderahorizontalaadductiona-
ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-apectorals
Antagonista-alatissimusadorsi
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderaadductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
alatissimusadorsi
Antagonista-adeltoid
Nameatheaagonista&aantagonistainashoulderaabductiona-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-agonista-
adeltoid
Antagonista-alatissimsadorsi
Concentricacontractiona(Isotonic)A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
whenaaamuscleashortensaunderatension
Eccentricacontractiona(Isotonic)A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
whenaaamusclealengthensaunderatension