AQA A level - Organic Chemistry
Questions and Answers 2025
OrganicAcompoundsA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
CompoundsAthatAcontainAaAchainAofAcarbonAatoms
NumberAofAelectronsAinAcarbonsAouterAshellA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
4AsoAcanAformA4AcovalentAbonds
Carbon-CarbonAbondsAare...A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-non-polarAandArelativelyAstrong
EmpiricalAformulaA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theAsimplestAwholeAnumberAratioAofAatomsAofAeachAelementAinAaAcompound
molecularAformulaA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAformulaAthatAtellsAusAtheAactualAnumberAofAatomsAofAeachAdifferentAelementAinAaAcompou
nd
structuralAformulaA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAwayAofAwritingAtheAformulasAofAanAorganicAcompoundAinAwhichAbondsAaren'tAshownAbutAe
achAcarbonAisAwrittenAseperately.
skeletalAformulaA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAwayAofAshowingAtheAstructureAofAaAcomplexAmolecule.AonlyAlabelsAtheAcarbonAandAsideAg
roups.
nomencultureA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-theAuniverslArulesAaboutAnamingAcompounds
whyAuseAnomenculture?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
soAallAscientistsAuseAtheAsameAnamesAandAothersAcanAunderstandAwhatAcompoundsAtheyA
haveAused.
IUPACArulingAsystemA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theAwayAthatAtheAIUPACAhasAdevelopedAaAnamingAconventionAthatAchemistsAallAfollow.
sideAchainsAareAshownAby...A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAprefixAofAtheArootAofAtheAlongestAcarbonAchainAinAtheAsideAchain.
AlkanesAgeneralAformulaA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-CnH2n+2
AlkeneAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-C=CAdoubleAbondAanywhere
alcoholAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--OHAatAendAorAonAaAbranch
AldehydesAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--ACHOAatAtheAendAofAtheAchain
ketonesAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--ACOA-AcarbonylAgroupAinAtheAmiddleAofAtheAchain
CarboxylicAacidsAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--ACOOHAterminatesAtheAchain
EsthersAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--ACOOA-AinAtheAmiddle
NitrilesAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-CAtripleAbondedAtoANAterminatesAtheAchain
AlkynesAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-CAtripleAbondedAtoAC
HomologousAseriesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAfamilyAofAorganicAcompoundsAwithAtheAsameAfunctionalAgroup,AbutAdifferentAcarbonAchai
nAlength.
SimilarArulesAofAhomologousAseries?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
haveAtheAsameAgeneralAformulaAandAtheirAformulaAwillAdifferAfromAtheAnextAmemberAofAtheA
series.
, IsomersA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
moleculesAwithAtheAsameAmolecularAformulaAbutAdifferentAarrangementsAofAtheirAatoms.
StructuralAIsomersA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
haveAtheAsameAmolecularAbutAdifferentAstructuralAformulae.
positionalAisomersA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
haveAtheAsameAfunctionalAgroupAbutAtheyAareAattachedAtoAtheAhydrocarbonAchainAinAdiffer
entAplaces.
functionalAgroupAisomersA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
haveAtheAsameAmolecularAformulaAbutAarrangedAasAdifferentAfunctionalAgroups
chainAisomersA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
haveAtheAsameAmolecularAformulaAbutAtheAchainAisAarrangedAdifferently.
AlkaneAusesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-fuels,AlubricantsAandAimportantAinAindustry
CrudeAOilA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAmixtureAofAlotsAofAdifferentAalkanesAandAsoAtheyAmustAbeAseparatedAbeforeAtheyAcanAbeA
used.
alkanesAare..A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
unreactiveAbutAreleaseAaAlotAofAheatAenergyAwhenAburned.
AlkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-saturatedAhydrocarbonsAandAun-
polar.AtheyAareAheldAtigetherAbyAweakAvanAderAwaalsAforces.
hydrocarbonA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAcompoundAmadeAupAofAhydrogenAandAcarbonAatomsAonly.
suffixAforAalkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--ane
MethaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-CH4
EthaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-C2H6
propaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-C3H8
ButaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-C4H10
PentaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-C5H12
toAnameAaAbranchedAalkaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-1.AfindAtheAlongestAcarbonAchainA
2.AtheAbranchesAareAaddedAasAprefixesAwithAnumberAtoAshowAwhatAcarbonAtheyAareAattach
edAto.
PolarityAofAalkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-non-polarAasAtheAelectro-
negativityAofAhydrogenAandAcarbonAareAsoAsimilar.
MeltingAandAboilingApointAofAalkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
asAtheAchainAlengthAincreases,AtheAsizeAofAtheAmeltingAandAboilingApointAincreasesAdueAtoAt
heAincreasingAstrengthAofAvanAderAwaalsAforcesAinAtheAlargerAmolecules.
SolubilityAofAAlkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
notAsolubleAinAwaterAdueAtoAtheAhydrogenAbondsAthatAholdAwaterAtogetherAareAstrongerAtha
nAvanAderAwaalsAforces.
ReactivityAofAalkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-lowAreactivityAdueAtoAtheirAstrongAcarbon-
carbonAandAcarbon-hydrogenAbonds.AtheyAwillAburnAandAreactAwithAhalogens.
FractionalADistillationA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
MethodAtoAseparateAaAliquidAmixtureAintoAitsAindividualAcomponentsAusingAtheAboilingAandA
condensingApointAofAtheAliquids
crudeAoilAisAnon-renewableAbecauseA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theAprocessAtakesAaAveryAlongAtime.
theAshorterAtheAhydrocarbonAchainA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-theAlowerAitsAboilingApoint
Questions and Answers 2025
OrganicAcompoundsA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
CompoundsAthatAcontainAaAchainAofAcarbonAatoms
NumberAofAelectronsAinAcarbonsAouterAshellA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
4AsoAcanAformA4AcovalentAbonds
Carbon-CarbonAbondsAare...A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-non-polarAandArelativelyAstrong
EmpiricalAformulaA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theAsimplestAwholeAnumberAratioAofAatomsAofAeachAelementAinAaAcompound
molecularAformulaA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAformulaAthatAtellsAusAtheAactualAnumberAofAatomsAofAeachAdifferentAelementAinAaAcompou
nd
structuralAformulaA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAwayAofAwritingAtheAformulasAofAanAorganicAcompoundAinAwhichAbondsAaren'tAshownAbutAe
achAcarbonAisAwrittenAseperately.
skeletalAformulaA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAwayAofAshowingAtheAstructureAofAaAcomplexAmolecule.AonlyAlabelsAtheAcarbonAandAsideAg
roups.
nomencultureA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-theAuniverslArulesAaboutAnamingAcompounds
whyAuseAnomenculture?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
soAallAscientistsAuseAtheAsameAnamesAandAothersAcanAunderstandAwhatAcompoundsAtheyA
haveAused.
IUPACArulingAsystemA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theAwayAthatAtheAIUPACAhasAdevelopedAaAnamingAconventionAthatAchemistsAallAfollow.
sideAchainsAareAshownAby...A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAprefixAofAtheArootAofAtheAlongestAcarbonAchainAinAtheAsideAchain.
AlkanesAgeneralAformulaA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-CnH2n+2
AlkeneAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-C=CAdoubleAbondAanywhere
alcoholAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--OHAatAendAorAonAaAbranch
AldehydesAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--ACHOAatAtheAendAofAtheAchain
ketonesAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--ACOA-AcarbonylAgroupAinAtheAmiddleAofAtheAchain
CarboxylicAacidsAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--ACOOHAterminatesAtheAchain
EsthersAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--ACOOA-AinAtheAmiddle
NitrilesAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-CAtripleAbondedAtoANAterminatesAtheAchain
AlkynesAFGA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-CAtripleAbondedAtoAC
HomologousAseriesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAfamilyAofAorganicAcompoundsAwithAtheAsameAfunctionalAgroup,AbutAdifferentAcarbonAchai
nAlength.
SimilarArulesAofAhomologousAseries?A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
haveAtheAsameAgeneralAformulaAandAtheirAformulaAwillAdifferAfromAtheAnextAmemberAofAtheA
series.
, IsomersA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
moleculesAwithAtheAsameAmolecularAformulaAbutAdifferentAarrangementsAofAtheirAatoms.
StructuralAIsomersA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
haveAtheAsameAmolecularAbutAdifferentAstructuralAformulae.
positionalAisomersA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
haveAtheAsameAfunctionalAgroupAbutAtheyAareAattachedAtoAtheAhydrocarbonAchainAinAdiffer
entAplaces.
functionalAgroupAisomersA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
haveAtheAsameAmolecularAformulaAbutAarrangedAasAdifferentAfunctionalAgroups
chainAisomersA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
haveAtheAsameAmolecularAformulaAbutAtheAchainAisAarrangedAdifferently.
AlkaneAusesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-fuels,AlubricantsAandAimportantAinAindustry
CrudeAOilA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAmixtureAofAlotsAofAdifferentAalkanesAandAsoAtheyAmustAbeAseparatedAbeforeAtheyAcanAbeA
used.
alkanesAare..A-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
unreactiveAbutAreleaseAaAlotAofAheatAenergyAwhenAburned.
AlkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-saturatedAhydrocarbonsAandAun-
polar.AtheyAareAheldAtigetherAbyAweakAvanAderAwaalsAforces.
hydrocarbonA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
aAcompoundAmadeAupAofAhydrogenAandAcarbonAatomsAonly.
suffixAforAalkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA--ane
MethaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-CH4
EthaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-C2H6
propaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-C3H8
ButaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-C4H10
PentaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-C5H12
toAnameAaAbranchedAalkaneA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-1.AfindAtheAlongestAcarbonAchainA
2.AtheAbranchesAareAaddedAasAprefixesAwithAnumberAtoAshowAwhatAcarbonAtheyAareAattach
edAto.
PolarityAofAalkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-non-polarAasAtheAelectro-
negativityAofAhydrogenAandAcarbonAareAsoAsimilar.
MeltingAandAboilingApointAofAalkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
asAtheAchainAlengthAincreases,AtheAsizeAofAtheAmeltingAandAboilingApointAincreasesAdueAtoAt
heAincreasingAstrengthAofAvanAderAwaalsAforcesAinAtheAlargerAmolecules.
SolubilityAofAAlkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
notAsolubleAinAwaterAdueAtoAtheAhydrogenAbondsAthatAholdAwaterAtogetherAareAstrongerAtha
nAvanAderAwaalsAforces.
ReactivityAofAalkanesA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-lowAreactivityAdueAtoAtheirAstrongAcarbon-
carbonAandAcarbon-hydrogenAbonds.AtheyAwillAburnAandAreactAwithAhalogens.
FractionalADistillationA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
MethodAtoAseparateAaAliquidAmixtureAintoAitsAindividualAcomponentsAusingAtheAboilingAandA
condensingApointAofAtheAliquids
crudeAoilAisAnon-renewableAbecauseA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-
theAprocessAtakesAaAveryAlongAtime.
theAshorterAtheAhydrocarbonAchainA-ACORRECTAANSWERSA-theAlowerAitsAboilingApoint