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5.0
NRSG258 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS (100% CORRECT ANSWERS) /ALREADY
GRADED A+
Consent must be (5)
Ans: - voluntary
- specific
- informed
- legal capacity
- current
Legal Capacity
Ans: 18 years old
Advance Care Directive
Ans: legal documents outline care person wishes to receive if they no longer
have capacity to make their own decisions
Factors affecting Legal Capacity (5)
Ans: - unconscious
- intellectual disability (e.g. dementia)
- brain injury (depends on degree)
- emergency
- child
Doctrine of Necessity/Emergency
Sunday, 02 March 2025
,Ans: in emergency where patient cannot consent, reasonable treatment to
save life or prevent serious injury or death can be administered
Signs of Inflammation (5)
Ans: - redness
- heat
- pain
- swelling
- loss of function
Chronic Inflammation
Ans: >2 weeks with increased purulent discharge and poor wound healing
Malignant Hyperthermia
Ans: rare genetic condition > treat with dantrolene
Benefits of Fever (5)
Ans: - improves immune function
- increased release of cytokines
- increased T and B cell activity
- increased phagocytosis
- decreased nutrients for bacteria
Risks of Fever (4)
Ans: - stress on body
- brain damage is sustained >41 degrees
Examstudy - Stuvia US
,- death >43 degrees
- febrile seizures >39 degrees
Acute Pain
Ans: productive and occurs immediately after tissue damage
Chronic Pain
Ans: disease state that is maladaptive, persistent and has no defensive or
useful purpose due to continuous transmission of pain in nerves that transmit
pain
Chronic Pain includes (5)
Ans: - neuropathic (MS)
- inflammatory (arthritis)
- pathologic (cancer)
- allodynia (from non-painful stimulus)
- hyperalgesia (increased sensitivity to pain)
Innate (non-specific) defences
Ans: those you're born with (intact skin)
Adaptive (specific) immunity
Ans: immunity from T and B cells developed in response to infection/invasion
Nocieptors
Examstudy - Stuvia US
, Ans: sensory nerves which respond to pain and transmit pain via lateral
spinothalamic tracts to the brain
Referred pain
Ans: pain in part of the body not related to the cause
Dermatomes
Ans: sensory nerves transmitting pain from skin and organs to the brain
Types of Anaesthesia (5)
Ans: 1. General Anaesthesia
2. Local Anaesthesia
3. Central Nerve Blocks (spinal/epidural)
4. Regional Anaesthesia
5. Sedation/Analgesia
General Anaesthesia
Ans: reversable, unconscious state characterised by amnesia, analgesia
and supression of reflexes
Stages of Anaesthesia (4)
Ans: 1. Analgesia
2. Delirium
3. Surgicial anaesthesia
4. Medullary depression
Examstudy - Stuvia US
In today's fast-paced educational landscape, students need reliable resources to excel in their studies.
5.0
NRSG258 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS (100% CORRECT ANSWERS) /ALREADY
GRADED A+
Consent must be (5)
Ans: - voluntary
- specific
- informed
- legal capacity
- current
Legal Capacity
Ans: 18 years old
Advance Care Directive
Ans: legal documents outline care person wishes to receive if they no longer
have capacity to make their own decisions
Factors affecting Legal Capacity (5)
Ans: - unconscious
- intellectual disability (e.g. dementia)
- brain injury (depends on degree)
- emergency
- child
Doctrine of Necessity/Emergency
Sunday, 02 March 2025
,Ans: in emergency where patient cannot consent, reasonable treatment to
save life or prevent serious injury or death can be administered
Signs of Inflammation (5)
Ans: - redness
- heat
- pain
- swelling
- loss of function
Chronic Inflammation
Ans: >2 weeks with increased purulent discharge and poor wound healing
Malignant Hyperthermia
Ans: rare genetic condition > treat with dantrolene
Benefits of Fever (5)
Ans: - improves immune function
- increased release of cytokines
- increased T and B cell activity
- increased phagocytosis
- decreased nutrients for bacteria
Risks of Fever (4)
Ans: - stress on body
- brain damage is sustained >41 degrees
Examstudy - Stuvia US
,- death >43 degrees
- febrile seizures >39 degrees
Acute Pain
Ans: productive and occurs immediately after tissue damage
Chronic Pain
Ans: disease state that is maladaptive, persistent and has no defensive or
useful purpose due to continuous transmission of pain in nerves that transmit
pain
Chronic Pain includes (5)
Ans: - neuropathic (MS)
- inflammatory (arthritis)
- pathologic (cancer)
- allodynia (from non-painful stimulus)
- hyperalgesia (increased sensitivity to pain)
Innate (non-specific) defences
Ans: those you're born with (intact skin)
Adaptive (specific) immunity
Ans: immunity from T and B cells developed in response to infection/invasion
Nocieptors
Examstudy - Stuvia US
, Ans: sensory nerves which respond to pain and transmit pain via lateral
spinothalamic tracts to the brain
Referred pain
Ans: pain in part of the body not related to the cause
Dermatomes
Ans: sensory nerves transmitting pain from skin and organs to the brain
Types of Anaesthesia (5)
Ans: 1. General Anaesthesia
2. Local Anaesthesia
3. Central Nerve Blocks (spinal/epidural)
4. Regional Anaesthesia
5. Sedation/Analgesia
General Anaesthesia
Ans: reversable, unconscious state characterised by amnesia, analgesia
and supression of reflexes
Stages of Anaesthesia (4)
Ans: 1. Analgesia
2. Delirium
3. Surgicial anaesthesia
4. Medullary depression
Examstudy - Stuvia US
