MICROBIOLOGY HCC FINAL EXAM 2025
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS
WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANS
, Pathogens - ANSWERany agent-usually a virus-bacterium, fungus, protozoan, or
helminth-that causes disease
Decomposers - ANSWERa consumer that feeds on organic matter from the bodies of
dead organisms. These microorganisms feed from all levels of the food pyramid and are
responsible for recycling elements (also called "saprobes")
Genetic Engineering - ANSWERa field involving deliberate alterations (recombinations)
of the genomes of microbes, plants, and animals through special technological
processes.
Biotechnology - ANSWERthe use of microbes or their products in the commercial or
industrial realm.
Characteristics of Viruses - ANSWER1) Obligate, intracellular parasites of bacteria,
protozoa, algae, fungi, plants, and animals
2) acellular: not cell-like
3) ultra-microscopic
4) do not have characteristics of life
5) inactive while outside host cell
6) Basic structure consists of protein shell (capsid) which surrounds a nucleic acid
(core)
7) Nucleic acid can be either DNA or RNA (never both)
8) Nucleic acid can be ssDNA, dsDNA, ssRNA, dsRNA
9) Viruses are specific to host cells (specificity)
10) Multiplies by taking control of host cell's metabolic activities
Phylogeny - ANSWERthe evolutionary development and diversification of a species or
group of organisms, or of a particular feature of an organism
Helminthes - ANSWERall parasitic worms
Taxonomic Hierarchy - ANSWER-Domain
-Kingdom
-Phylum
-Class
-Order
-Family
-Genus
-Species
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS
WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANS
, Pathogens - ANSWERany agent-usually a virus-bacterium, fungus, protozoan, or
helminth-that causes disease
Decomposers - ANSWERa consumer that feeds on organic matter from the bodies of
dead organisms. These microorganisms feed from all levels of the food pyramid and are
responsible for recycling elements (also called "saprobes")
Genetic Engineering - ANSWERa field involving deliberate alterations (recombinations)
of the genomes of microbes, plants, and animals through special technological
processes.
Biotechnology - ANSWERthe use of microbes or their products in the commercial or
industrial realm.
Characteristics of Viruses - ANSWER1) Obligate, intracellular parasites of bacteria,
protozoa, algae, fungi, plants, and animals
2) acellular: not cell-like
3) ultra-microscopic
4) do not have characteristics of life
5) inactive while outside host cell
6) Basic structure consists of protein shell (capsid) which surrounds a nucleic acid
(core)
7) Nucleic acid can be either DNA or RNA (never both)
8) Nucleic acid can be ssDNA, dsDNA, ssRNA, dsRNA
9) Viruses are specific to host cells (specificity)
10) Multiplies by taking control of host cell's metabolic activities
Phylogeny - ANSWERthe evolutionary development and diversification of a species or
group of organisms, or of a particular feature of an organism
Helminthes - ANSWERall parasitic worms
Taxonomic Hierarchy - ANSWER-Domain
-Kingdom
-Phylum
-Class
-Order
-Family
-Genus
-Species
