NYSTCE CST Social Studies Exam 2025

What did the English Parliament create in 1689? - Correct Ans-The English Bill of Rights What was King John of England forced to sign in 1215? - Correct Ans-The Magna Carta. What was the Magna Carta? - Correct Ans-The Magna Carta is Latin for "Great Charter". It set down rights which became part of English law and which are now the foundation of the constitution of all countries which speak English. What did the Medieval Manor represent? - Correct Ans-The medieval manor was an agricultural estate. It was usually comprised of tracts of agricultural land, a village whose inhabitants worked that land, and a manor house where the lord who owned or controlled the estate lived. Manors were largely self-sufficient. What is the most important invention of the fifteenth century? - Correct Ans-When Gutenberg invented the printing press in 1445, he forever changed the lives of people in Europe and, eventually, all over the world. Which of the following was the most frequent source of conflict between church and state in Europe throughout the Middle Ages? - Correct Ans-The doctrine of papal supremacy: The Catholic Pope Which of the following breakthroughs of the Scientific Revolution of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries presented a major challenge to traditional religious conceptions in Europe? - Correct Ans-The discovery that the earth and the other planets revolved around the sun. Shifting from a geocentric to a heliocentric perspective. Describe the Romantic Era. - Correct Ans-An artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century. Partly a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, it was also a revolt against the aristocratic social and political norms. Which of the following played a major role in the spread of both communist and fascist ideologies in Europe between World War I and World War II? - Correct Ans-The economic devastation caused by the Great Depression A paragraph about China ends with this question: Which of the following is an example of ethnocentrism? - Correct Ans-A country develops legislation to restrict the opportunity of immigrants. What was the main difference between China's Revolution and the Russian Revolution? - Correct Ans-The Chinese Revolution lasted about 28 years, while the Russian Revolution only lasted about one year. What was a major reason European nations competed for control of Africa during the second half of the 1800s? - Correct Ans-Africa had a wealth of natural resources. The main source of wealth and power among the empires of West Africa between A.D. 400 and 1500 was control of: - Correct Ans-The trans-Saharan salt and gold trade. What is The Silk Road? - Correct Ans-The trade route that extended from Asia to the Mediterranean Basin. Which factor made Athens' direct democracy different from representative democracy? - Correct Ans-Citizens directly made the laws themselves. One can best distinguish totalitarian from authoritarian governments by examining which of the following aspects of their political systems? - Correct Ans-The pervasiveness of government control over non- governmental sectors of society. What is a similarity between the hierarchy of Feudalism demonstrated by both the Shogun in Feudal Japan and Catherine the Great. - Correct Ans-Noble classes became more powerful What form of government relates to the phrase "reigns but does not rule?" - Correct Ans-Constitutional monarchy: The Queen of England What is an oligarchy? - Correct Ans-A form of power structure in which power effectively rests with a small number of people. What is the difference between a chiefdom and a state. - Correct Ans-A state, like a chiefdom, is centralized and stratified, however the level of stratification is based on classes or castes. States are lead by a powerful official like a king, What was the usual role of the chief in primitive societies? - Correct Ans-to coordinate economic activity A Caste system is part of the mixed culture of India, and a class system is part of American Culture. What is the difference? - Correct Ans-A class system has more flexibility than a caste system. You are born into the caste system and remain there for your entire life. Geography - Correct Ans-... What would be the Absolute Location of New York City on a map? - Correct Ans-New York is positioned in both the northern and western hemisphere and its exact co-ordinates are: 40º 43' N, 74º 0' W. About 41 degrees North and 74 degrees West. What do geographers use to indicate absolute location? - Correct Ans-Absolute location is determined by a reference system, usually expressed in degrees north and south latitude and east and west longitude. Which conclusion, about the geography of these continents, is best supported by this passage? (Continents are Europe and Africa) - Correct Ans-River systems have helped development in Europe and hindered it in Africa. Why was The Ottoman Empire connected with the Age of Exploration? - Correct Ans-The age of exploration was largely driven by the spice trade. To get to India or China from Europe, you had to go through the Ottoman Empire, and pay taxes. So the major point of exploration was to find another way to get to China and India and so they went the other way. West. What is the "Push Pull Factor?" - Correct Ans-Push Factors: Reasons for emigrating (leaving a place) because of a difficulty (such as a food shortage, war, flood, etc.). Pull Factors: Reasons for immigrating (moving into a place) because of something desirable (such as a nicer climate, better food supply, freedom, etc.). What event most contributed to the "Push Factor" of Irish immigration to the United States during the 1900s? - Correct Ans-In Ireland, the Great Famine was a period of mass starvation, disease and emigration between 1845 and 1852. It is sometimes referred to as the Irish Potato Famine What does "Chain Migration" mean? - Correct Ans-A series of migrations within a family or defined group of people. A chain migration often begins with one family member who sends money to bring other family members to the new location. What does Chain Migration have to do with clustering? - Correct Ans-Chain migration results in migration fields. The clustering of people from a specific region into certain neighborhoods or small towns. What do geographers call the "human-environment" connection. - Co