Reading and Language Arts Exam
2025 Questions and Answers
Syntax - ANSWER✔✔-(Comp 001- Oral Language)
Sentence structure
Grammar of language, or the rules governing how sentences are structured.
A child who has difficulty understanding or expressing sentence forms is likely to have
the same difficulty when attempting to read or write these sentence forms.
Formal relationships between words in phrases or sentences.
Ex: subject/verb relationships.
Semantics - ANSWER✔✔-(Comp 001- Oral Language)
Way a word is defined
,Language meaning. This component of oral language is the ability to develop meanings
for the words children hear and say in their conversations with others.
Literal meaning of words
multi-meaning of words
Figurative language
Pragmatics - ANSWER✔✔-(Comp 001- Oral Language)
Social rules of language use. It is the system of language which is concerned with
communication and specifically, how language is used in context. These rules regulate:
Conversational turn taking
Appropriate eye contact
The volume, emphasis and pitch used when speaking.
Physical distance between speaker and listener.
-Functional use of language in social situations.
Phonology - ANSWER✔✔-(Comp 001- Oral Language)
The way a word is pronounced; Basic units of sound= phonemes
Segmentation - ANSWER✔✔-Recognition of the sounds heard in a word.
,Students break words into their individual sounds and/or count the number of sounds
in a word- opposite of blending
Teacher: How many sounds are in fan?
Student: /f/ /a/ /n/ =3
Morphology - ANSWER✔✔-(Comp 001- Oral Language)
Analysis and description of the structure of words. Words can be related to other words
by patterns and rules. For instance, the word "audible" has the latin root, "aud" which
means to hear.
It relates to other words such as inaudible, audition, audiovisual, audience, and
auditorium.
Phonological Awareness: Word - ANSWER✔✔-Most fundamental level includes:
-Identifying how many words there are in a sentence.
-Blending two smaller words to form a compound word.
-Segmenting a compound word into the two smaller words.
-Deleting one of the smaller words in a compound word.
Phonological Awareness: Syllable - ANSWER✔✔-Unit of pronunciation that contains
one vowel sound.
, Blending- "pock-et= pocket"
Segmentation- "Hamster= Ham-ster"
Deletion- "Say the word pepper, now say pepper without the /er/= pep."
Phonological Awareness: Onset-Rime - ANSWER✔✔-Each syllable has two parts- onset
and rime.
Onset: The beginning consonant
Rime: The common endings which begin with the vowel sound.
Ex: seat= /s/ is the onset and /eat/ is the rime
track= /tr/ is the onset & /ack/ is the rime
Phonological Awareness: Phoneme level - ANSWER✔✔-Students attend to the smallest
unit of sounds.
The blending, segmenting, and manipulation of phonemes all make up what is called
phonemic awareness.
Ex: pit= 3 phonemes; P-I-T
Chip= 3 phonemes; Ch-I-P
Straight= 5 phonemes; S-T-R-aigh-T
Alphabetic Principle - ANSWER✔✔-There is one-to-one correspondence between
alphabet letters (graphemes and sounds (phonemes).
2025 Questions and Answers
Syntax - ANSWER✔✔-(Comp 001- Oral Language)
Sentence structure
Grammar of language, or the rules governing how sentences are structured.
A child who has difficulty understanding or expressing sentence forms is likely to have
the same difficulty when attempting to read or write these sentence forms.
Formal relationships between words in phrases or sentences.
Ex: subject/verb relationships.
Semantics - ANSWER✔✔-(Comp 001- Oral Language)
Way a word is defined
,Language meaning. This component of oral language is the ability to develop meanings
for the words children hear and say in their conversations with others.
Literal meaning of words
multi-meaning of words
Figurative language
Pragmatics - ANSWER✔✔-(Comp 001- Oral Language)
Social rules of language use. It is the system of language which is concerned with
communication and specifically, how language is used in context. These rules regulate:
Conversational turn taking
Appropriate eye contact
The volume, emphasis and pitch used when speaking.
Physical distance between speaker and listener.
-Functional use of language in social situations.
Phonology - ANSWER✔✔-(Comp 001- Oral Language)
The way a word is pronounced; Basic units of sound= phonemes
Segmentation - ANSWER✔✔-Recognition of the sounds heard in a word.
,Students break words into their individual sounds and/or count the number of sounds
in a word- opposite of blending
Teacher: How many sounds are in fan?
Student: /f/ /a/ /n/ =3
Morphology - ANSWER✔✔-(Comp 001- Oral Language)
Analysis and description of the structure of words. Words can be related to other words
by patterns and rules. For instance, the word "audible" has the latin root, "aud" which
means to hear.
It relates to other words such as inaudible, audition, audiovisual, audience, and
auditorium.
Phonological Awareness: Word - ANSWER✔✔-Most fundamental level includes:
-Identifying how many words there are in a sentence.
-Blending two smaller words to form a compound word.
-Segmenting a compound word into the two smaller words.
-Deleting one of the smaller words in a compound word.
Phonological Awareness: Syllable - ANSWER✔✔-Unit of pronunciation that contains
one vowel sound.
, Blending- "pock-et= pocket"
Segmentation- "Hamster= Ham-ster"
Deletion- "Say the word pepper, now say pepper without the /er/= pep."
Phonological Awareness: Onset-Rime - ANSWER✔✔-Each syllable has two parts- onset
and rime.
Onset: The beginning consonant
Rime: The common endings which begin with the vowel sound.
Ex: seat= /s/ is the onset and /eat/ is the rime
track= /tr/ is the onset & /ack/ is the rime
Phonological Awareness: Phoneme level - ANSWER✔✔-Students attend to the smallest
unit of sounds.
The blending, segmenting, and manipulation of phonemes all make up what is called
phonemic awareness.
Ex: pit= 3 phonemes; P-I-T
Chip= 3 phonemes; Ch-I-P
Straight= 5 phonemes; S-T-R-aigh-T
Alphabetic Principle - ANSWER✔✔-There is one-to-one correspondence between
alphabet letters (graphemes and sounds (phonemes).
