NUR 514 Exam 4 Questions With All
Correct & Verified Answers
Leading cause of
Adult blindness
End-stage kidney disease
Nontraumatic lower limb amputations
Major contributing factor
Heart disease
Stroke
Hypertension Correct answer-Diabetes Mellitus
The rise in plasma insulin after a meal inhibits ___________________, enhances fat deposition of
adipose tissue, and increases protein synthesis. Correct answer-gluconeogenesis
glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, and cortisol Correct answer-counterregulatory hormones
(hormones increase blood glucose levels by (1) stimulating glucose production and release by the
liver and (2) decreasing the movement of glucose into the cells. The counterregulatory hormones
and insulin usually maintain blood glucose levels within the normal range by regulating the release of
glucose for energy during food intake and periods of fasting.)
True or false:
Insulin is necessary for glucose transport in
brain, liver, blood cells Correct answer-False!
two hormones secreted by cells in the Islet of Langerhans region to stabilize blood sugar levels
Correct answer-glucagon and insulin
binds to receptors in the liver, stimulating the conversion of stored glycogen into glucose Correct
answer-glucagon
First line oral drug for DM type 2
reduces glucose production in the liver, increases insulin sensitivity
adverse effects: include GI issues (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting), anorexia, fatigue, aggitation Correct
answer-Metformin
dapagliflozin (Farxiga), empagliflozin (Jardiance), canagliflozin (Invokana) Correct answer-SGL-2
Inhibitors
Relatively new med for DM type 2
reabsorbs glucose within the renal proximal tubule, glucose is excreted in the urine
Adverse effects: UTI, DKA, hypoglycemia Correct answer-SGL-2 Inhibitors
Oral agent for type 2 DM
, piaglitazone, rosiglitazone
increase storage of fatty acids, increasing the body cell's dependence on glucose for energy, reduces
insulin resistance
adverse effects: Weight gain, URI, hypoglycemia, hepatotoxicity, MI, HF, bone fractures Correct
answer-Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)
Oral agent for type 2 DM
Acarbose, Miglitol, Voglibose
slow breakdown of complex carbs into glucose within the small intestine
adverse effects: diarrhea, flatulence, abdominal distension, hypoglycemia Correct answer-alpha-
glucosidase inhibitors
Sulfonylureas Correct answer-glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride
Meglitinides Correct answer-Repaglinide (Prandin)
Nateglinide (Starlix)
most common bacterial infection in women Correct answer-UTI
Patients at risk for UTI Correct answer-Immunosuppressed
Diabetic
Have kidney problems
Have undergone multiple antibiotic
courses
Have traveled to developing
countries
inflammation of renal
parenchyma and collecting system Correct answer-Pyelonephritis
Bacteria normally found in the intestinal tract Correct answer-E. coli or Proteus, Klebsiella, or
Enterobacter species
the most common HAI Correct answer-Catheter-associated urinary tract infections
(CAUTI)
Factors increasing urinary stasis Correct answer-BPH, tumor, neurogenic bladder
Complicated UTI Correct answer-Obstruction or stones
Catheters
Correct & Verified Answers
Leading cause of
Adult blindness
End-stage kidney disease
Nontraumatic lower limb amputations
Major contributing factor
Heart disease
Stroke
Hypertension Correct answer-Diabetes Mellitus
The rise in plasma insulin after a meal inhibits ___________________, enhances fat deposition of
adipose tissue, and increases protein synthesis. Correct answer-gluconeogenesis
glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, and cortisol Correct answer-counterregulatory hormones
(hormones increase blood glucose levels by (1) stimulating glucose production and release by the
liver and (2) decreasing the movement of glucose into the cells. The counterregulatory hormones
and insulin usually maintain blood glucose levels within the normal range by regulating the release of
glucose for energy during food intake and periods of fasting.)
True or false:
Insulin is necessary for glucose transport in
brain, liver, blood cells Correct answer-False!
two hormones secreted by cells in the Islet of Langerhans region to stabilize blood sugar levels
Correct answer-glucagon and insulin
binds to receptors in the liver, stimulating the conversion of stored glycogen into glucose Correct
answer-glucagon
First line oral drug for DM type 2
reduces glucose production in the liver, increases insulin sensitivity
adverse effects: include GI issues (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting), anorexia, fatigue, aggitation Correct
answer-Metformin
dapagliflozin (Farxiga), empagliflozin (Jardiance), canagliflozin (Invokana) Correct answer-SGL-2
Inhibitors
Relatively new med for DM type 2
reabsorbs glucose within the renal proximal tubule, glucose is excreted in the urine
Adverse effects: UTI, DKA, hypoglycemia Correct answer-SGL-2 Inhibitors
Oral agent for type 2 DM
, piaglitazone, rosiglitazone
increase storage of fatty acids, increasing the body cell's dependence on glucose for energy, reduces
insulin resistance
adverse effects: Weight gain, URI, hypoglycemia, hepatotoxicity, MI, HF, bone fractures Correct
answer-Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)
Oral agent for type 2 DM
Acarbose, Miglitol, Voglibose
slow breakdown of complex carbs into glucose within the small intestine
adverse effects: diarrhea, flatulence, abdominal distension, hypoglycemia Correct answer-alpha-
glucosidase inhibitors
Sulfonylureas Correct answer-glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride
Meglitinides Correct answer-Repaglinide (Prandin)
Nateglinide (Starlix)
most common bacterial infection in women Correct answer-UTI
Patients at risk for UTI Correct answer-Immunosuppressed
Diabetic
Have kidney problems
Have undergone multiple antibiotic
courses
Have traveled to developing
countries
inflammation of renal
parenchyma and collecting system Correct answer-Pyelonephritis
Bacteria normally found in the intestinal tract Correct answer-E. coli or Proteus, Klebsiella, or
Enterobacter species
the most common HAI Correct answer-Catheter-associated urinary tract infections
(CAUTI)
Factors increasing urinary stasis Correct answer-BPH, tumor, neurogenic bladder
Complicated UTI Correct answer-Obstruction or stones
Catheters
