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BTEC Applied Science Biology Unit 1 Nervous tissue exam with verified detailed solutions

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BTEC Applied Science Biology Unit 1 Nervous tissue exam with verified detailed solutions

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BTEC Applied Science
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BTEC applied science









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Institution
BTEC applied science
Course
BTEC applied science

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Uploaded on
May 7, 2025
Number of pages
9
Written in
2024/2025
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Exam (elaborations)
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BTEC Applied Science: Biology Unit
1: Nervous tissue exam with verified
detailed solutions

Cell body - Correct answer ✔Nucleus and ER; produces proteins and neurotransmitters
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Dendrons - Correct answer ✔Extensions of cell body which divide into dendrites that carry impulses
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toward the cell body
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Axon - Correct answer ✔Long fibre that carries impulses away from the cell body
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Schwann cells - Correct answer ✔Forms layers to protect axon and provide insulation; also carrying
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out phagocytosis
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Myelin sheath - Correct answer ✔Membranes of Schwann cells cover axon, causes faster
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transmission of impulse |||||| ||||||




Nodes of Ranvier - Correct answer ✔Gaps between adjacent Schwann cells where there is no
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myelin sheath ||||||




Sensory neurone - Correct answer ✔Transmits impulses from receptor to intermediate neurone;
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they have one dendron and one axon
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Intermediate neurone - Correct answer ✔Transmits impulses between neurones; they have many |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




dendrites and short axons |||||| |||||| ||||||




Motor neurone - Correct answer ✔Transmits impulses between intermediate neurones to effectors;
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they have a long axon and many short dendrites
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, What are the four nerve impulses? - Correct answer ✔1) Establishment of resting potential
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(polarisation)

2) Generation of a potential difference e.g., by a receptor (generator potential)
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3) Movement of impulse - action potential (depolarisation)
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4) Re-establishment of resting potential (repolarisation)
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The phospholipid bilayer is impermeable to... - Correct answer ✔Na+ and K+ ions
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In the phospholipid bilayer, there is a presence of gated and non-gated (open)... - Correct answer
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✔Na+ and K+ channels |||||| |||||| ||||||




In the phospholipid bilayer there is an active sodium-... - Correct answer ✔potassium pump
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For resting potential, what gets pumped into and out of the axon? - Correct answer ✔Na+ pumped
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out as K+ pumped in
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For resting potential, how many sodium ions move out as how many potassium ions move in? -
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Correct answer ✔3 Na+ ions for every 2 K+ ions |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




For resting potential, what does the outward movement of Na+ do? - Correct answer ✔Allows
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there to be more Na+ outside the membrane and a diffusion gradient is created.
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For resting potential, due to the diffusion gradient created by the outward movement of Na+, what
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




occurs? - Correct answer ✔Na+ diffuse back in and K+ diffuse out (due to ions moving from high to
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low concentration)
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For resting potential, what happens to the gates once Na+ diffuses back in and K+ diffuse out? -
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




Correct answer ✔K+ gates stay open while the Na+ gates remain closed
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For resting potential, what do the open K+ gates suggest? - Correct answer ✔The membrane of the
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




axon is more permeable to K+ and therefore K+ diffuses out faster than Na+ diffuses in
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||

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