chapter 12 sociology QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. Be able to provide an instance of sexism in health care and the media (pp. 385 - 388) -
ANSWER-Gender inequality has created a few curious discrepancies inside the
way the clinical established order treats males and females. For instance,
previous to the Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare"), it turned into legal in
maximum states for coverage agencies selling character policies—the ones for
folks that do not have group coverage coverage via their employers—to rate
women higher charges than men for the equal clinical coverage, a practice called
"gender score." The difference in price ranged from four% to 48% and collectively
cost women approximately $1 billion annually. The justification for this exercise
became the perception that women used the health care system extra than men
because of all of the scientific tactics related to pregnancy and childbirth. The
Department of Health and Human Services ended the practice of "gender rating"
in 2014. However, for the duration of the talk over health care reform in 2017, a
male congressional consultant from Illinois challenged the requirement that
coverage companies cowl the costs of maternity offerings via suggesting that it
turned into "silly" for men to have to pay for them (Reilly, 2017).On drama,
comedy, and fact tv collection in 2018, 3% had girls images directors, 17% had
girls directors, 24% had girls editors, 22% had ladies creators, 25% had girls
writers, and 26% had women producers. Furthermore, of the one hundred
highestgrossing function films in 2018, ladies comprised simply four% of
administrators and 18% of manufacturers (Women's Media Center, 2019). Such
imbalances in efficient and creative manage approach that what we see on
television and in theaters is possibly to reflect men's views. Hence, other than the
occasional powerful girl man or woman—like Michonne in The Walking Dead,
Alicia Florrick in The Good Wife, or Olivia Pope in Scandal—the portrayal of girls
in film and on top-time tv stays as a substitute tra
2. How are we able to look at gender inequality inside the home and the way is it a mirrored
image of inequalities in the large society? (pp. 389 - 393) Why may this phase of the text
cognizance on house work - ANSWER-One of the essential outcomes of the
economic revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries changed into the separation of
the place of work and the home. Prior to industrialization, most countries have
been normally agricultural. People's lives targeted at the farm, in which husbands
and better halves have been partners now not handiest in making a domestic
however additionally in making a residing (Vanek, 1980). Farm couples had been
interdependent; everyone wished the opposite for survival. It become taken with
no consideration that ladies provided for the circle of relatives together with men
(J. Bernard, 1981). Although the connection among husbands and wives on the
farm become by no means entirely identical—wives still did most if now not all of
, the house responsibilities and own family care—complete male dominance
became offset by way of girls's essential contributions to the family financial
system (Vanek, 1980). With the appearance of industrialization, matters started to
exchange. New varieties of era and the promise of latest financial possibilities and
an amazing residing drew human beings (mostly guys) away from the farms and
into towns and factories. For the primary time in history, the own family financial
system in some societies was primarily based outside the household. Women now
not found themselves involved inside the every day supervision of the family's
commercial enterprise as they'd once been. Instead, they have been consigned to
the simplest home duties that remained vital in an business economy: the care
and nurturing of youngsters and the maintenance of the household. Because this
work changed into unpaid and due to the fact seen goods have been now not
being produced at domestic, women quick observed their exertions devalued in
the larger society (Hareven, 1992). However, as we saw in Chapter 7, guys were
not the simplest ones who left domestic each day to paintings in factories. At the
turn of the century, loads of heaps of kids labored in mines, generators, and
factories (Coontz, 1992). And contrary to p
3. How is discrimination based totally on sexual orientation tied to gender? (pp. 373 - 374) -
ANSWER-Prejudices expressed at the personal degree frequently combine gender
and sexual orientation. For many many years, lesbian, homosexual, bisexual, and
transgender people have been rejected, ridiculed, and condemned on moral,
spiritual, criminal, or even psychiatric grounds (see Chapter eight). And although
the quantity of Americans who pick out as LGBTQ has multiplied in latest years
(Brown, 2017), they preserve to revel in heightened degrees of discrimination,
bullying, threats of violence, actual violence, interpersonal rejection, or unfair
remedy at paintings and in public venues (see Exhibit 12.1). Indeed, greater
human beings report lawsuits concerning mistreatment in public motels (hotels,
lodges, eating places, theaters, and so on.) due to sexual orientation or gender
identity than because of race (Mallory & Sears, 2016).
4. What are examples of gender inequalities within the place of job? (pp. 396 - four
hundred) - ANSWER-The increase in lady labor force participation has been in
particular dramatic in a few traditionally male-ruled fields which includes medicine
and regulation. For example, in 1983, 15% of attorneys and 16% of physicians
within the United States had been girls; by 2018, the ones figures had greater than
doubled (U.S. Census Bureau, 2004; ProQuest Statistical Abstract, 2019).
Although the sort of trend is encouraging, there are signs and symptoms that
girls's financial progress has stalled. Women's usual participation inside the paid
labor force truely peaked twenty years in the past (Covert, 2017). Younger women
with out university stages are particularly prone, tormented by lowering wages
and increasing unemployment (Jarosz & Mather, 2017). Consider additionally the
chronic sex segregation that exists in the place of business. Women make up
ninety four% of all administrative assistants, 89% of all registered nurses, ninety
four% of all childcare people, ninety seven% of all dental hygienists, and 98% of
all preschool and kindergarten instructors (ProQuest Statistical Abstract, 2019).
ANSWERS
1. Be able to provide an instance of sexism in health care and the media (pp. 385 - 388) -
ANSWER-Gender inequality has created a few curious discrepancies inside the
way the clinical established order treats males and females. For instance,
previous to the Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare"), it turned into legal in
maximum states for coverage agencies selling character policies—the ones for
folks that do not have group coverage coverage via their employers—to rate
women higher charges than men for the equal clinical coverage, a practice called
"gender score." The difference in price ranged from four% to 48% and collectively
cost women approximately $1 billion annually. The justification for this exercise
became the perception that women used the health care system extra than men
because of all of the scientific tactics related to pregnancy and childbirth. The
Department of Health and Human Services ended the practice of "gender rating"
in 2014. However, for the duration of the talk over health care reform in 2017, a
male congressional consultant from Illinois challenged the requirement that
coverage companies cowl the costs of maternity offerings via suggesting that it
turned into "silly" for men to have to pay for them (Reilly, 2017).On drama,
comedy, and fact tv collection in 2018, 3% had girls images directors, 17% had
girls directors, 24% had girls editors, 22% had ladies creators, 25% had girls
writers, and 26% had women producers. Furthermore, of the one hundred
highestgrossing function films in 2018, ladies comprised simply four% of
administrators and 18% of manufacturers (Women's Media Center, 2019). Such
imbalances in efficient and creative manage approach that what we see on
television and in theaters is possibly to reflect men's views. Hence, other than the
occasional powerful girl man or woman—like Michonne in The Walking Dead,
Alicia Florrick in The Good Wife, or Olivia Pope in Scandal—the portrayal of girls
in film and on top-time tv stays as a substitute tra
2. How are we able to look at gender inequality inside the home and the way is it a mirrored
image of inequalities in the large society? (pp. 389 - 393) Why may this phase of the text
cognizance on house work - ANSWER-One of the essential outcomes of the
economic revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries changed into the separation of
the place of work and the home. Prior to industrialization, most countries have
been normally agricultural. People's lives targeted at the farm, in which husbands
and better halves have been partners now not handiest in making a domestic
however additionally in making a residing (Vanek, 1980). Farm couples had been
interdependent; everyone wished the opposite for survival. It become taken with
no consideration that ladies provided for the circle of relatives together with men
(J. Bernard, 1981). Although the connection among husbands and wives on the
farm become by no means entirely identical—wives still did most if now not all of
, the house responsibilities and own family care—complete male dominance
became offset by way of girls's essential contributions to the family financial
system (Vanek, 1980). With the appearance of industrialization, matters started to
exchange. New varieties of era and the promise of latest financial possibilities and
an amazing residing drew human beings (mostly guys) away from the farms and
into towns and factories. For the primary time in history, the own family financial
system in some societies was primarily based outside the household. Women now
not found themselves involved inside the every day supervision of the family's
commercial enterprise as they'd once been. Instead, they have been consigned to
the simplest home duties that remained vital in an business economy: the care
and nurturing of youngsters and the maintenance of the household. Because this
work changed into unpaid and due to the fact seen goods have been now not
being produced at domestic, women quick observed their exertions devalued in
the larger society (Hareven, 1992). However, as we saw in Chapter 7, guys were
not the simplest ones who left domestic each day to paintings in factories. At the
turn of the century, loads of heaps of kids labored in mines, generators, and
factories (Coontz, 1992). And contrary to p
3. How is discrimination based totally on sexual orientation tied to gender? (pp. 373 - 374) -
ANSWER-Prejudices expressed at the personal degree frequently combine gender
and sexual orientation. For many many years, lesbian, homosexual, bisexual, and
transgender people have been rejected, ridiculed, and condemned on moral,
spiritual, criminal, or even psychiatric grounds (see Chapter eight). And although
the quantity of Americans who pick out as LGBTQ has multiplied in latest years
(Brown, 2017), they preserve to revel in heightened degrees of discrimination,
bullying, threats of violence, actual violence, interpersonal rejection, or unfair
remedy at paintings and in public venues (see Exhibit 12.1). Indeed, greater
human beings report lawsuits concerning mistreatment in public motels (hotels,
lodges, eating places, theaters, and so on.) due to sexual orientation or gender
identity than because of race (Mallory & Sears, 2016).
4. What are examples of gender inequalities within the place of job? (pp. 396 - four
hundred) - ANSWER-The increase in lady labor force participation has been in
particular dramatic in a few traditionally male-ruled fields which includes medicine
and regulation. For example, in 1983, 15% of attorneys and 16% of physicians
within the United States had been girls; by 2018, the ones figures had greater than
doubled (U.S. Census Bureau, 2004; ProQuest Statistical Abstract, 2019).
Although the sort of trend is encouraging, there are signs and symptoms that
girls's financial progress has stalled. Women's usual participation inside the paid
labor force truely peaked twenty years in the past (Covert, 2017). Younger women
with out university stages are particularly prone, tormented by lowering wages
and increasing unemployment (Jarosz & Mather, 2017). Consider additionally the
chronic sex segregation that exists in the place of business. Women make up
ninety four% of all administrative assistants, 89% of all registered nurses, ninety
four% of all childcare people, ninety seven% of all dental hygienists, and 98% of
all preschool and kindergarten instructors (ProQuest Statistical Abstract, 2019).
