SOC 001 Key Terms QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
1. Affirmative action - ANSWER-Government rules concerning employment and
schooling that seek to increase the representation of minorities and ladies in
fields from which they have historically been excluded. Affirmative action is
undertaken with a view to counter the historical outcomes of discrimination and
exclusion.
2. Allocation concept - ANSWER-A theory concerning the affects of training that
specializes in how education channels people into positions or establishments
that provide exclusive possibilities for persevering with to suppose, learn, and
earn.
3. Apartheid - ANSWER-A machine of racial segregation in South Africa, which turned
into explicitly followed in 1948 and ended within the early Nineteen Nineties. All
residents have been labeled into racial organizations, and home areas were
explicitly segregated on the basis of these classes, as have been education,
hospital therapy, and public centers.
4. Assimilation - ANSWER-The procedure by way of which immigrants grow to be
included into their new society by means of taking over the cultural tastes and
practices of the new society.
5. Asylum reputation - ANSWER-A form of safety available to immigrants looking for
admission to some other u . S . A . Due to political violence or repression in their
home united states of america. Typically, candidates searching for asylum
popularity ought to demonstrate that their life could be in risk if they had been
forced to return to their home country.
6. Autonomy - ANSWER-In paintings, the power to decide what and the way one plays
one's each day tasks, free of close supervision.
7. Brain drain - ANSWER-The departure of a large number of the most knowledgeable
and skilled residents, who visit live and work in different countries.
8. Bureaucracy - ANSWER-A sort of organisation that has guidelines and obligations
for every function (or activity) spelled out, in which selection into those positions
takes place on the premise of advantage (now not commonly by way of election or
inheritance). Many bureaucracies are also responsible for starting off guidelines
and methods which can be to be adhered to by means of others.
9. Capitalism - ANSWER-An economic device primarily based on non-public property
and market change.
10.Capitalist economy - ANSWER-An economic system wherein items and offerings
are exchanged through markets, wherein prices are hooked up through what
consumers are inclined to pay, and wherein belongings is privately owned. Under
capitalism, markets amplify to the hiring of people at wages decided by way of
negotiations between people (or unions) and employers. The role of government
, in regulating a capitalist financial system varies broadly, producing exceptional
varieties of capitalist economies around the arena today.
11.Class - ANSWER-The sociological concept that refers to a set of those who
percentage a comparable social and economic role in society.
12.Class reproduction - ANSWER-The techniques that motive elegance limitations and
distinctions to be maintained over time.
13.Climate exchange - ANSWER-The sort of changes in climate styles that warming
temperatures are producing.
14.Code of ethics - ANSWER-A set of pointers that outlines what's taken into
consideration ethical and perfect conduct in a few context (inclusive of within an
employer or career).
15.Collective identification - ANSWER-One's perception that one belongs to a sure
organization (or groups) with special characteristics and pursuits (as an example,
ladies, the working magnificence, or socialists). Not all such identities come
without difficulty to humans; they will have to be consciously created, which is
one of the things that a few actions do.
16.Community - ANSWER-A organization of those who interact with and often help
each other on the premise of a shared aspect of personal identity. Communities of
people regularly stay in close proximity, but the term can follow to groups linked
in different approaches.
17.Consumption - ANSWER-The act of buying and using goods and services.
18.Correlation - ANSWER-The lifestyles of a relationship among two variables. A
correlation exists when a alternate in one variable is related to a alternate in any
other variable. It does no longer always suggest, but, that the exchange in a single
variable is the cause of the change within the different. Correlation can be
contrasted with causality.
19.Counterculture - ANSWER-A institution whose thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors
are in direct conflict with mainstream subculture.
20.Credentialism - ANSWER-A requirement that one need to attain certain specific
degrees or certificates before she or he may be considered for a specific job.
21.Cultural capital - ANSWER-The kind and degree of education and cultural expertise
possessed with the aid of an man or woman. Having a excessive stage of cultural
capital signifies one's high repute in the eyes of others.
22.Cultural relativism - ANSWER-The concept that cultural meanings and practices
ought to be evaluated of their own social contexts.
23.Culture - ANSWER-Systems of perception and information shared through
contributors of a set or society that form man or woman and institution conduct
and attitudes. A society's tradition includes its language, customs, symbols,
rituals, and other types of meaning which might be broadly shared.
24.Culture enterprise - ANSWER-The production for income of popular music, films,
books, tv, social media, and other styles of mass-subculture merchandise with the
aid of capitalist corporations.
25.Curriculum - ANSWER-The structure of coursework and content material of a chain
of publications making up a program of examine in a school or faculty system.
ANSWERS
1. Affirmative action - ANSWER-Government rules concerning employment and
schooling that seek to increase the representation of minorities and ladies in
fields from which they have historically been excluded. Affirmative action is
undertaken with a view to counter the historical outcomes of discrimination and
exclusion.
2. Allocation concept - ANSWER-A theory concerning the affects of training that
specializes in how education channels people into positions or establishments
that provide exclusive possibilities for persevering with to suppose, learn, and
earn.
3. Apartheid - ANSWER-A machine of racial segregation in South Africa, which turned
into explicitly followed in 1948 and ended within the early Nineteen Nineties. All
residents have been labeled into racial organizations, and home areas were
explicitly segregated on the basis of these classes, as have been education,
hospital therapy, and public centers.
4. Assimilation - ANSWER-The procedure by way of which immigrants grow to be
included into their new society by means of taking over the cultural tastes and
practices of the new society.
5. Asylum reputation - ANSWER-A form of safety available to immigrants looking for
admission to some other u . S . A . Due to political violence or repression in their
home united states of america. Typically, candidates searching for asylum
popularity ought to demonstrate that their life could be in risk if they had been
forced to return to their home country.
6. Autonomy - ANSWER-In paintings, the power to decide what and the way one plays
one's each day tasks, free of close supervision.
7. Brain drain - ANSWER-The departure of a large number of the most knowledgeable
and skilled residents, who visit live and work in different countries.
8. Bureaucracy - ANSWER-A sort of organisation that has guidelines and obligations
for every function (or activity) spelled out, in which selection into those positions
takes place on the premise of advantage (now not commonly by way of election or
inheritance). Many bureaucracies are also responsible for starting off guidelines
and methods which can be to be adhered to by means of others.
9. Capitalism - ANSWER-An economic device primarily based on non-public property
and market change.
10.Capitalist economy - ANSWER-An economic system wherein items and offerings
are exchanged through markets, wherein prices are hooked up through what
consumers are inclined to pay, and wherein belongings is privately owned. Under
capitalism, markets amplify to the hiring of people at wages decided by way of
negotiations between people (or unions) and employers. The role of government
, in regulating a capitalist financial system varies broadly, producing exceptional
varieties of capitalist economies around the arena today.
11.Class - ANSWER-The sociological concept that refers to a set of those who
percentage a comparable social and economic role in society.
12.Class reproduction - ANSWER-The techniques that motive elegance limitations and
distinctions to be maintained over time.
13.Climate exchange - ANSWER-The sort of changes in climate styles that warming
temperatures are producing.
14.Code of ethics - ANSWER-A set of pointers that outlines what's taken into
consideration ethical and perfect conduct in a few context (inclusive of within an
employer or career).
15.Collective identification - ANSWER-One's perception that one belongs to a sure
organization (or groups) with special characteristics and pursuits (as an example,
ladies, the working magnificence, or socialists). Not all such identities come
without difficulty to humans; they will have to be consciously created, which is
one of the things that a few actions do.
16.Community - ANSWER-A organization of those who interact with and often help
each other on the premise of a shared aspect of personal identity. Communities of
people regularly stay in close proximity, but the term can follow to groups linked
in different approaches.
17.Consumption - ANSWER-The act of buying and using goods and services.
18.Correlation - ANSWER-The lifestyles of a relationship among two variables. A
correlation exists when a alternate in one variable is related to a alternate in any
other variable. It does no longer always suggest, but, that the exchange in a single
variable is the cause of the change within the different. Correlation can be
contrasted with causality.
19.Counterculture - ANSWER-A institution whose thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors
are in direct conflict with mainstream subculture.
20.Credentialism - ANSWER-A requirement that one need to attain certain specific
degrees or certificates before she or he may be considered for a specific job.
21.Cultural capital - ANSWER-The kind and degree of education and cultural expertise
possessed with the aid of an man or woman. Having a excessive stage of cultural
capital signifies one's high repute in the eyes of others.
22.Cultural relativism - ANSWER-The concept that cultural meanings and practices
ought to be evaluated of their own social contexts.
23.Culture - ANSWER-Systems of perception and information shared through
contributors of a set or society that form man or woman and institution conduct
and attitudes. A society's tradition includes its language, customs, symbols,
rituals, and other types of meaning which might be broadly shared.
24.Culture enterprise - ANSWER-The production for income of popular music, films,
books, tv, social media, and other styles of mass-subculture merchandise with the
aid of capitalist corporations.
25.Curriculum - ANSWER-The structure of coursework and content material of a chain
of publications making up a program of examine in a school or faculty system.
