Essential Biology l
BIOD 101 Final Exam Actual Practice Test Questions and Answers,
Latest 2025/2026 - Portage Learning
1. What is matter?:
Anything that takes up space,by having a volume, and has mass
2. Explain the flow of information within a cell and the processes involved.
Transduction is the chain of molecules and intracellular enzymes that relay signals
inside of a cell. Most often (but not always), the molecules that act in the relay chain
are proteins.
phosphorylation cascade is a series of steps within the transduction pathway that
involves one protein kinase activating another, which in turn, activates another
Scaffolding proteins are relay proteins that can serve to physically support and hold
together proteins involved in signaling pathways, or they can play a role in activating
other relay proteins second messengers, which are intracellular signaling molecules
released in response to a first messenger
3. Selective permeability:
Ability or certain substances to move through the cell membrane while others can't
4. What type of leopard is made up of four fused carbon runs with attached functional groups
that often contain an alcohol?:
Steroids
5. What type of ion carries a negative charge?:
anion
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, Essential Biology l
6. Which organelle of the cell contains the genomic content of the cell and serves as a control
center of the cell?:
Nucleus
7. True or false. Passive transport is vital for moving essential nutrients into the cell. Should
passive transport stop the cell would cease to function.:
False. active transport is vital for moving essential nutrients into the cell.
8. What are the four bio macro molecules?:
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
9. What type of cell junctions are mechanical structures that wrap around the cell to prevent extra
cellular fluid from leaking?:
Tight junctions
10. What chemical molecules carry genetic information within the cell?:
Nucleic acids
11. Which of the following statements is true concerning eukaryotic cells?:
- Eukaryotic cells possess a nuclear membrane.
12. True or false trace elements are required only in small quantities?:
True.
13. As part of the cytoskeleton, what role do microtubules serve?:
Microtubules influence cell shape, form spindles for chromosome separation and serve as
roads for organelles to travel
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, Essential Biology l
14. What are the two main components of phospholipids?:
1) a polar head group joined to (2) a non-polar tail group
15. Specific ions bind to __________, and when a certain concentration has successfully
attached, the confirmation of the channel changes, allowing for ions on the outside to passively
diffuse into the cell.: Carrier proteins
16. What occurs in a dehydration reaction?:
A water molecule is lost from the reactant side
17. What type of passive transport relies on the tendency of salutes to move from an area of high
concentration to an area of lower concentration?
Simple diffusion
18. What are three characteristics of prokaryotic cells?:
Size, non-enclosed genetic material, and lack of organelles
19. True or false; the two major components embedded in a cell membrane are nucleic acids, and
lipids:
False: the two main components are phospholipids and proteins.
20. Which of the bonds formed a relatively weak bond that is easily broken?- :
Hydrogen bond
21. The four nitrogenous bases found in DNA are:
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
22. Individual living members of a population best describes a:
Organism
Page 3 of 19
BIOD 101 Final Exam Actual Practice Test Questions and Answers,
Latest 2025/2026 - Portage Learning
1. What is matter?:
Anything that takes up space,by having a volume, and has mass
2. Explain the flow of information within a cell and the processes involved.
Transduction is the chain of molecules and intracellular enzymes that relay signals
inside of a cell. Most often (but not always), the molecules that act in the relay chain
are proteins.
phosphorylation cascade is a series of steps within the transduction pathway that
involves one protein kinase activating another, which in turn, activates another
Scaffolding proteins are relay proteins that can serve to physically support and hold
together proteins involved in signaling pathways, or they can play a role in activating
other relay proteins second messengers, which are intracellular signaling molecules
released in response to a first messenger
3. Selective permeability:
Ability or certain substances to move through the cell membrane while others can't
4. What type of leopard is made up of four fused carbon runs with attached functional groups
that often contain an alcohol?:
Steroids
5. What type of ion carries a negative charge?:
anion
Page 1 of 19
, Essential Biology l
6. Which organelle of the cell contains the genomic content of the cell and serves as a control
center of the cell?:
Nucleus
7. True or false. Passive transport is vital for moving essential nutrients into the cell. Should
passive transport stop the cell would cease to function.:
False. active transport is vital for moving essential nutrients into the cell.
8. What are the four bio macro molecules?:
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
9. What type of cell junctions are mechanical structures that wrap around the cell to prevent extra
cellular fluid from leaking?:
Tight junctions
10. What chemical molecules carry genetic information within the cell?:
Nucleic acids
11. Which of the following statements is true concerning eukaryotic cells?:
- Eukaryotic cells possess a nuclear membrane.
12. True or false trace elements are required only in small quantities?:
True.
13. As part of the cytoskeleton, what role do microtubules serve?:
Microtubules influence cell shape, form spindles for chromosome separation and serve as
roads for organelles to travel
Page 2 of 19
, Essential Biology l
14. What are the two main components of phospholipids?:
1) a polar head group joined to (2) a non-polar tail group
15. Specific ions bind to __________, and when a certain concentration has successfully
attached, the confirmation of the channel changes, allowing for ions on the outside to passively
diffuse into the cell.: Carrier proteins
16. What occurs in a dehydration reaction?:
A water molecule is lost from the reactant side
17. What type of passive transport relies on the tendency of salutes to move from an area of high
concentration to an area of lower concentration?
Simple diffusion
18. What are three characteristics of prokaryotic cells?:
Size, non-enclosed genetic material, and lack of organelles
19. True or false; the two major components embedded in a cell membrane are nucleic acids, and
lipids:
False: the two main components are phospholipids and proteins.
20. Which of the bonds formed a relatively weak bond that is easily broken?- :
Hydrogen bond
21. The four nitrogenous bases found in DNA are:
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
22. Individual living members of a population best describes a:
Organism
Page 3 of 19
