Bio 235 Final Exam || 100% verified solutions.
Venous blood returning from systemic circulation first enters the ___, proceeds to the ____, loses
___and gains ____ in the lungs, and then returns to the heart via the ____.
a) right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, CO2, O2, pulmonary veins.
b) Left atrium, left ventricle, pulmonary artery, CO2, O2, aorta
c)Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, O2, CO2, pulmonary veins
d) Left atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary veins, O2, CO2, aorta correct answers A. Right atrium,
right ventricle, pulmonary artery, CO2, O2, pulmonary veins
The upper respiratory tract differs from the lower respiratory tract in what way?
A) air is taken in through the lower respiratory tract, and CO2/O2 are exchanged in the upper
respiratory tract
b) air is taken in through the upper respiratory tract, and CO2/O2 are exchanged in the lower
respiratory tract
c) CO2 is removed from circulation in the upper respiratory tract
d) O2 is removed from circulation in the lower respiratory tract correct answers B. Air is taken in
through the upper respiratory tract, and CO2/O2 are exchanged in the lower respiratory tract
Smooth muscle surrounds which structure of the lower respiratory tract?
a) Alveoli
b) Alveolar capillaries
c) Terminal bronchioles
d) Trachea correct answers C. terminal bronchioles
In the alveolus, ____squamous epithelial cells are responsible for ___, while ___cells are
responsible for ____.
a) Type 1; surfactant secretion; Type 2, gas exchange
b) type 1; debris removal; type 2; surfactant secretion
c) type 3; debris removal; type 1; gas exchange
d) type 1; gas exchange; type 2: surfactant secretion correct answers d) type 1; gas exchange;
type 2: surfactant secretion
There is no net air flow into or out of the lungs when
a) P alveolus = P atmostpher
b) P alveolus< P atmostphere
c) P pleural wall > P atmostphere
d) P atmosphere< P pleural wall correct answers a) P alveolus = P atmosphere
What keeps the lungs from collapsing
Check the correct answers b) trans pulmonary negative pressure caused by negative pressure
from pleural cavity
Identify the correct sequence of events for inspiration
,a) diaphragm & inspiratory intercostals relax, lungs expand, air flows into alveoli
b) diaphragm & inspiratory intercostals contract; lungs expand, air flows out of the alveoli
c) diaphragm & inspiratory intercostals contract, lungs expand, air flows into alveoli
d)diaphragm & expiratory intercostals relax, lungs contract, air flows out of alveoli correct
answers c) diaphragm & inspiratory intercostals contract, lungs expand, air flows into alveoli
the main determiners of lung compliance are
a) lung tissue thickness, surface tension of fluid on the inner lung surface
b) lung tissue perforations, surface tension of fluid on the inner lung surface
c) lung tissue surface area, surface tension of fluid on the inner lung surface
d) lung tissue thickness, surface tension of fluid on the outer lung surface correct answers a) lung
tissue thickness, surface tension of fluid on the inner lung surface
lung compliance is defined as
a) lung volume/ transpulmonary pressure
b) transpulmonary pressure/ lung volume
c) transthoracic pressure/ atmospheric pressure
d) none of the above correct answers d) none of the above
trained athletes tend to have
a) increased lung compliance
b) normal lung compliance
c) decreased lung compliance
d) asthma correct answers a) increased lung compliance
which is true abbout the pleural sac
a)it is continuous with the atmosphere and protects the lungs from infections
b) it is a closed sac surrounding each lung and contains only a tiny volume of lubricating fluid
c) it is a closed sac surrounding each lung and contain a large volume of surfactact
d) it is a closed, air-filled space surrounding both lungs that has a negative pressure compared to
atmospheric pressure correct answers b) it is a closed sac surrounding each lung and contains
only a tiny volume of lubricating fluid
which structure is NOT part of the "anatomical dead space?"
a) bronchiole
b) trachea
c) bronchus
d)respiratory bronchiole correct answers d)respiratory bronchiole
the volume of air flowing into the alveoli during inhalation/inspiration is increased when there is
an increase in which of these?
a)air resistance
b)the pressure gradiant from the atmosphere to the alveoli
c) the pressure in the intrapleural space
d) the curvature of the diaphragm correct answers b)the pressure gradiant from the atmosphere to
the alveoli
, under normal circumstances, which of the following would result from an increase in
transpulmonary pressure?
a) inhalation/inspiration
b) exhalation/expiration
c) a collapsed lung
d) emphysema correct answers a) inhalation/inspiration
which of the following statements about the response of arteriole smooth muscle to changing
ocygen partial pressure is true?
a) both systemic and pulmonary arterioles respond to a decrease in PO2 by constricting
b) both systemic and pulmonary arterioles respond to a decrease in PO2 by dilating
c) systemic arterioles respond to a decrease in PO2 by dilating but pulmonary arterioles constrict
in response to decreased PO
d) systemic arterioles respond to a decrease in PO2 by constricting but pulmonary arterioles
dilate in response to decreased PO2 correct answers c) systemic arterioles respond to a decrease
in PO2 by dilating but pulmonary arterioles constrict in response to decreased PO
during an unforced exhalation/expiration, which would NOT be true?
a) alveolar pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure
b) intrapleural pressure is greater than alveolar pressure
c) intrapleural pressure becomes less negative
d) the diaphragm relaxes correct answers b) intrapleural pressure is greater than alveolar pressure
which true regarding how gases dissolve in liquids?
a0 the concentration of a gas in a liquid equilibrates to match the concentration of that gas in the
air to which of the liquid is exposed
b) different gasses have the same solubility in liquids
c) the partial pressure of a gas in a liquid is equal to the amount greatly diffusing in the liquid
plus the amount bound to large molecules within the liquid
d) the partial pressure of a particular gas in a liquid equilibrates to match the partial pressure o
that gas in the air to which the liquid is exposed correct answers d) the partial pressure of a
particular gas in a liquid equilibrates to match the partial pressure o that gas in the air to which
the liquid is exposed
which of these results from hyperventilation?
a) increased alveolar PCO2 and decreased alveolar PO2
b) an increase in both PO2 & PO2
c) decreased alveolar PCO2 & increased alveolar PO2
d) a decrease in both alveolar PCO2 & PO2 correct answers c) decreased alveolar PCO2 &
increased alveolar PO2
In which form is most of the oxygen carried in arterial blood?
a) bound to hemoglobin
b) dissolved in the plasma
c) dissolved in the cytosol of erthrocytes
Venous blood returning from systemic circulation first enters the ___, proceeds to the ____, loses
___and gains ____ in the lungs, and then returns to the heart via the ____.
a) right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, CO2, O2, pulmonary veins.
b) Left atrium, left ventricle, pulmonary artery, CO2, O2, aorta
c)Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, O2, CO2, pulmonary veins
d) Left atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary veins, O2, CO2, aorta correct answers A. Right atrium,
right ventricle, pulmonary artery, CO2, O2, pulmonary veins
The upper respiratory tract differs from the lower respiratory tract in what way?
A) air is taken in through the lower respiratory tract, and CO2/O2 are exchanged in the upper
respiratory tract
b) air is taken in through the upper respiratory tract, and CO2/O2 are exchanged in the lower
respiratory tract
c) CO2 is removed from circulation in the upper respiratory tract
d) O2 is removed from circulation in the lower respiratory tract correct answers B. Air is taken in
through the upper respiratory tract, and CO2/O2 are exchanged in the lower respiratory tract
Smooth muscle surrounds which structure of the lower respiratory tract?
a) Alveoli
b) Alveolar capillaries
c) Terminal bronchioles
d) Trachea correct answers C. terminal bronchioles
In the alveolus, ____squamous epithelial cells are responsible for ___, while ___cells are
responsible for ____.
a) Type 1; surfactant secretion; Type 2, gas exchange
b) type 1; debris removal; type 2; surfactant secretion
c) type 3; debris removal; type 1; gas exchange
d) type 1; gas exchange; type 2: surfactant secretion correct answers d) type 1; gas exchange;
type 2: surfactant secretion
There is no net air flow into or out of the lungs when
a) P alveolus = P atmostpher
b) P alveolus< P atmostphere
c) P pleural wall > P atmostphere
d) P atmosphere< P pleural wall correct answers a) P alveolus = P atmosphere
What keeps the lungs from collapsing
Check the correct answers b) trans pulmonary negative pressure caused by negative pressure
from pleural cavity
Identify the correct sequence of events for inspiration
,a) diaphragm & inspiratory intercostals relax, lungs expand, air flows into alveoli
b) diaphragm & inspiratory intercostals contract; lungs expand, air flows out of the alveoli
c) diaphragm & inspiratory intercostals contract, lungs expand, air flows into alveoli
d)diaphragm & expiratory intercostals relax, lungs contract, air flows out of alveoli correct
answers c) diaphragm & inspiratory intercostals contract, lungs expand, air flows into alveoli
the main determiners of lung compliance are
a) lung tissue thickness, surface tension of fluid on the inner lung surface
b) lung tissue perforations, surface tension of fluid on the inner lung surface
c) lung tissue surface area, surface tension of fluid on the inner lung surface
d) lung tissue thickness, surface tension of fluid on the outer lung surface correct answers a) lung
tissue thickness, surface tension of fluid on the inner lung surface
lung compliance is defined as
a) lung volume/ transpulmonary pressure
b) transpulmonary pressure/ lung volume
c) transthoracic pressure/ atmospheric pressure
d) none of the above correct answers d) none of the above
trained athletes tend to have
a) increased lung compliance
b) normal lung compliance
c) decreased lung compliance
d) asthma correct answers a) increased lung compliance
which is true abbout the pleural sac
a)it is continuous with the atmosphere and protects the lungs from infections
b) it is a closed sac surrounding each lung and contains only a tiny volume of lubricating fluid
c) it is a closed sac surrounding each lung and contain a large volume of surfactact
d) it is a closed, air-filled space surrounding both lungs that has a negative pressure compared to
atmospheric pressure correct answers b) it is a closed sac surrounding each lung and contains
only a tiny volume of lubricating fluid
which structure is NOT part of the "anatomical dead space?"
a) bronchiole
b) trachea
c) bronchus
d)respiratory bronchiole correct answers d)respiratory bronchiole
the volume of air flowing into the alveoli during inhalation/inspiration is increased when there is
an increase in which of these?
a)air resistance
b)the pressure gradiant from the atmosphere to the alveoli
c) the pressure in the intrapleural space
d) the curvature of the diaphragm correct answers b)the pressure gradiant from the atmosphere to
the alveoli
, under normal circumstances, which of the following would result from an increase in
transpulmonary pressure?
a) inhalation/inspiration
b) exhalation/expiration
c) a collapsed lung
d) emphysema correct answers a) inhalation/inspiration
which of the following statements about the response of arteriole smooth muscle to changing
ocygen partial pressure is true?
a) both systemic and pulmonary arterioles respond to a decrease in PO2 by constricting
b) both systemic and pulmonary arterioles respond to a decrease in PO2 by dilating
c) systemic arterioles respond to a decrease in PO2 by dilating but pulmonary arterioles constrict
in response to decreased PO
d) systemic arterioles respond to a decrease in PO2 by constricting but pulmonary arterioles
dilate in response to decreased PO2 correct answers c) systemic arterioles respond to a decrease
in PO2 by dilating but pulmonary arterioles constrict in response to decreased PO
during an unforced exhalation/expiration, which would NOT be true?
a) alveolar pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure
b) intrapleural pressure is greater than alveolar pressure
c) intrapleural pressure becomes less negative
d) the diaphragm relaxes correct answers b) intrapleural pressure is greater than alveolar pressure
which true regarding how gases dissolve in liquids?
a0 the concentration of a gas in a liquid equilibrates to match the concentration of that gas in the
air to which of the liquid is exposed
b) different gasses have the same solubility in liquids
c) the partial pressure of a gas in a liquid is equal to the amount greatly diffusing in the liquid
plus the amount bound to large molecules within the liquid
d) the partial pressure of a particular gas in a liquid equilibrates to match the partial pressure o
that gas in the air to which the liquid is exposed correct answers d) the partial pressure of a
particular gas in a liquid equilibrates to match the partial pressure o that gas in the air to which
the liquid is exposed
which of these results from hyperventilation?
a) increased alveolar PCO2 and decreased alveolar PO2
b) an increase in both PO2 & PO2
c) decreased alveolar PCO2 & increased alveolar PO2
d) a decrease in both alveolar PCO2 & PO2 correct answers c) decreased alveolar PCO2 &
increased alveolar PO2
In which form is most of the oxygen carried in arterial blood?
a) bound to hemoglobin
b) dissolved in the plasma
c) dissolved in the cytosol of erthrocytes
