Anatomy NBME questions with correct
answers
A homeless man has a 3-month history of decreased a-peptide,
generalized wasting, low grade fever , worsening cough productive
of blood, mucopurulent sputum. He has a 3-year history of alcohol
abuse. Xray films of the chest show consolidation and cavitary
lesions in the apices of the lungs. Which of the following is most
likely inflammatory and/or immune response in the lung?
A. Endothelial cell proliferation, vascular budding, fibroblasts
B. Epithelioid cells, multinucleate giant cells, caseation necrosis
C. Fibroblasts, collagen deposition, replacement of intrinsic tissue
D. Macrophages, lymphocytes, hypergammaglobulinemia
E. Neutrophils, vascular congestion, exudate - 🔰CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔B. Epithelioid cells, multinucleate giant cells,
caseation necrosis
82 year old man comes to the physician for evaluation of chest pain.
He lives with his daughters family. He has numerous welts and
abrasions and appears to be malnourished. He says his diet is fine.
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101
,Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in patient
care?
A. confront his family about the abuse
B. enroll the family in family counseling
C. notify social services of potential abuse
D. place him in a nursing home
E. refer him to a residential community - 🔰CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔C. notify social services of potential abuse
67 year old woman has the sudden onset of dyspnea and chest pain
and dies within minutes. Stage IV ovarian cancer was diagnosed 1
year ago, and she has been bedridden for 2 months. Which of the
following is most likely to be found on autopsy?
A. Acute myocardial infarction
B. Deep venous thrombosis
C. Dissecting aortic aneurysm
D. Renal papillary necrosis
E. Rupttured berry aneurysm - 🔰CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔B.
Deep venous thrombosis
45 year old man has a 6-month history of burning pain that begins
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101
,in the epigastric area and ascends into the chest. Episodes occur
most frequently after large meals and at night. Endoscopic
examination shows moderately severe inflammation in the distal
3cm of the esophagus. Which of the following is the most likely
cause of this condition?
A. Diffuse spasm of the esophageal musculature
B. Failure of the lower sphincter to relax after a swallow
C. Helicobacter pylori infection
D. Hypersection of gastric acid
E. Inappropriate relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter - 🔰
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔E. Inappropriate relaxation of the lower
esophageal sphincter
45- year old woman has an acute coronary occlusion. Within
seconds, the ischemic region shows mitochondrial swelling and
depletion of glycogen granules. Which of the following metabolic
events is most likely cause of these cellular changes?
A. Accumulation of free fatty acids
B. ATP depletion
C. Degradation of membrane phospholipid
D. Efflux of K+
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101
, E. Influx of Na+ - 🔰CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔C. Degradation of
membrane phospholipid
65-year old man dies of bronchopneumonia. He has a 6-year history
of progressive loss of facial expression, tremors, rigidity, and
slowing of voluntary movement. At autopsy, loss of pigmented cells
is noted in the substantial nigra. Which of the following additional
abnormalities is most likely to be present?
A. Eosinophilic inclusions in neurons of the substantial nigra
B. Loss of neurons in the caudate nuclei
C. Microglial nodules and multinucleated giant cells in the white
matter
D. Neurofibrillary tangles in the cortical neurons
E. Viral inclusions in the oligodendrocytes - 🔰CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔A. Eosinophilic inclusions in neurons of the
substantial nigra
50 year old man has a 10-year history of poorly controlled
hypertension. Vital signs are:
Pulse 96/min
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101
answers
A homeless man has a 3-month history of decreased a-peptide,
generalized wasting, low grade fever , worsening cough productive
of blood, mucopurulent sputum. He has a 3-year history of alcohol
abuse. Xray films of the chest show consolidation and cavitary
lesions in the apices of the lungs. Which of the following is most
likely inflammatory and/or immune response in the lung?
A. Endothelial cell proliferation, vascular budding, fibroblasts
B. Epithelioid cells, multinucleate giant cells, caseation necrosis
C. Fibroblasts, collagen deposition, replacement of intrinsic tissue
D. Macrophages, lymphocytes, hypergammaglobulinemia
E. Neutrophils, vascular congestion, exudate - 🔰CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔B. Epithelioid cells, multinucleate giant cells,
caseation necrosis
82 year old man comes to the physician for evaluation of chest pain.
He lives with his daughters family. He has numerous welts and
abrasions and appears to be malnourished. He says his diet is fine.
1 \\\\\\/ \\\\\\
101
,Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in patient
care?
A. confront his family about the abuse
B. enroll the family in family counseling
C. notify social services of potential abuse
D. place him in a nursing home
E. refer him to a residential community - 🔰CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔C. notify social services of potential abuse
67 year old woman has the sudden onset of dyspnea and chest pain
and dies within minutes. Stage IV ovarian cancer was diagnosed 1
year ago, and she has been bedridden for 2 months. Which of the
following is most likely to be found on autopsy?
A. Acute myocardial infarction
B. Deep venous thrombosis
C. Dissecting aortic aneurysm
D. Renal papillary necrosis
E. Rupttured berry aneurysm - 🔰CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔B.
Deep venous thrombosis
45 year old man has a 6-month history of burning pain that begins
2 \\\\\\/ \\\\\\
101
,in the epigastric area and ascends into the chest. Episodes occur
most frequently after large meals and at night. Endoscopic
examination shows moderately severe inflammation in the distal
3cm of the esophagus. Which of the following is the most likely
cause of this condition?
A. Diffuse spasm of the esophageal musculature
B. Failure of the lower sphincter to relax after a swallow
C. Helicobacter pylori infection
D. Hypersection of gastric acid
E. Inappropriate relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter - 🔰
CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔E. Inappropriate relaxation of the lower
esophageal sphincter
45- year old woman has an acute coronary occlusion. Within
seconds, the ischemic region shows mitochondrial swelling and
depletion of glycogen granules. Which of the following metabolic
events is most likely cause of these cellular changes?
A. Accumulation of free fatty acids
B. ATP depletion
C. Degradation of membrane phospholipid
D. Efflux of K+
3 \\\\\\/ \\\\\\
101
, E. Influx of Na+ - 🔰CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔C. Degradation of
membrane phospholipid
65-year old man dies of bronchopneumonia. He has a 6-year history
of progressive loss of facial expression, tremors, rigidity, and
slowing of voluntary movement. At autopsy, loss of pigmented cells
is noted in the substantial nigra. Which of the following additional
abnormalities is most likely to be present?
A. Eosinophilic inclusions in neurons of the substantial nigra
B. Loss of neurons in the caudate nuclei
C. Microglial nodules and multinucleated giant cells in the white
matter
D. Neurofibrillary tangles in the cortical neurons
E. Viral inclusions in the oligodendrocytes - 🔰CORRECT
ANSWERS ✔✔A. Eosinophilic inclusions in neurons of the
substantial nigra
50 year old man has a 10-year history of poorly controlled
hypertension. Vital signs are:
Pulse 96/min
4 \\\\\\/ \\\\\\
101
