Cellular Respiration Study Guide Questions and Answers Latest Version Rated A+

Cellular Respiration Study Guide Questions and Answers Latest Version Rated A+ How many ATP molecules are produced in glycolysis? Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule. What is the significance of the mitochondrial inner membrane in cellular respiration? The inner mitochondrial membrane contains the proteins and enzymes necessary for the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis, and its folding increases the surface area for these processes. What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen, which are the reactants in cellular respiration, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide and water, which are the reactants in photosynthesis. How is glucose metabolized in cellular respiration? 2 Glucose is broken down into pyruvate during glycolysis, then further processed into acetyl- CoA in the citric acid cycle, and the energy from glucose is transferred to ATP, NADH, and FADH2. What happens in the mitochondria during cellular respiration? In the mitochondria, glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, while the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain occur in the mitochondria, ultimately producing ATP. What would happen if the citric acid cycle were blocked? If the citric acid cycle were blocked, the production of ATP would decrease significantly, as the cycle generates key molecules (NADH and FADH2) for the electron transport chain. What are the two major phases of cellular respiration? The two major phases of cellular respiration are the anaerobic phase (glycolysis) and the aerobic phase (citric acid cycle and electron transport chain). What is the role of the proton gradient in ATP production? The proton gradient created by the electron transport chain provides the energy needed for ATP synthase to generate ATP as protons flow back into the mitochondrial matrix. 3 What happens to the NADH and FADH2 molecules after they donate their electrons to the electron transport chain? After donating their electrons, NADH and FADH2 are oxidized back to NAD+ and FAD, which are recycled and used again in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. What is the primary purpose of cellular respiration? The primary purpose of cellular respiration is to produce ATP, which is used as the energy source for various cellular activities. Where does cellular respiration take place in eukaryotic cells? Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. What is the first step of cellular respiration? The first step of cellular respiration is glycolysis, which breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. What are the end products of glycolysis? 4 The end products of glycolysis are 2 pyruvate molecules, 2 ATP molecules, and 2 NADH molecules. What happens to pyruvate after glycolysis in the presence of oxygen? In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted into acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle for further energy production. What is the role of NADH in cellular respiration? NADH carries high-energy electrons to the electron