Cellular Respiration- An Overview Questions and Answers Latest Update 100% Pass

Cellular Respiration- An Overview Questions and Answers Latest Update 100% Pass Which molecule is primarily broken down during cellular respiration to release energy? Glucose is the primary molecule broken down to release energy during cellular respiration. What are the three main stages of cellular respiration? The three main stages are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), and the electron transport chain. Where does cellular respiration take place in eukaryotic cells? Cellular respiration mainly occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. What is glycolysis and where does it happen? Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration, occurring in the cytoplasm, where glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate. Why is oxygen important in cellular respiration? 2 Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, allowing ATP to be produced efficiently. How many ATP molecules are made from one molecule of glucose during cellular respiration? Up to 38 ATP molecules can be produced from one glucose molecule during aerobic respiration. What is produced as waste in cellular respiration? Carbon dioxide and water are produced as waste products in cellular respiration. How does the body use the energy from ATP? The energy from ATP is used to power cellular activities like muscle movement, active transport, and biosynthesis. What happens to glucose during glycolysis? During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, releasing a small amount of ATP and NADH. What happens to pyruvate before entering the citric acid cycle? 3 Pyruvate is converted into acetyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle in the mitochondria. What does the citric acid cycle generate? The citric acid cycle generates NADH, FADH2, ATP, and carbon dioxide as it processes acetyl-CoA. Why are NADH and FADH2 important in cellular respiration? NADH and FADH2 carry high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain, enabling the production of more ATP. What is the role of the electron transport chain in respiration? The electron transport chain creates a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation. What happens to electrons in the electron transport chain? Electrons are passed through a series of proteins and eventually combine with oxygen and protons to form water. 4 What is the name of the enzyme that makes ATP in the electron transport chain? The enzyme is called ATP synthase, and it uses the energy from the proton gradient to make ATP. How is water formed during cellular respiration? Water is formed when oxygen accepts electrons and combines with hydrogen ions at the end of the electron transport chain. What would happen if there was no oxygen in the cell? Without oxygen, the electron transport chain stops, and cells switch to anaerobic respiration or fermentation, producing far less ATP.