Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Questions and Answers Latest Update 100% Verified

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Questions and Answers Latest Update 100% Verified Why do cells prefer aerobic respiration over fermentation? Because aerobic respiration produces significantly more ATP than fermentation. Where does fermentation occur in the cell? Fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. What happens to pyruvate if oxygen is not available? Pyruvate undergoes fermentation to regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis to continue. What type of fermentation occurs in human muscle cells? Lactic acid fermentation. What is the purpose of fermentation in the absence of oxygen? To regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue producing ATP. 2 What are the two main types of fermentation? Lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation. What organisms commonly perform alcoholic fermentation? Yeast and some types of bacteria. Why does fermentation produce less ATP than aerobic respiration? Fermentation only involves glycolysis and does not use the electron transport chain. What is the end product of lactic acid fermentation? Lactic acid. What is the end product of alcoholic fermentation? Ethanol and carbon dioxide. What is the role of NAD+ in fermentation? NAD+ is recycled from NADH to allow glycolysis to continue. 3 How many ATP are produced from one glucose molecule during fermentation? Only 2 ATP are produced from glycolysis during fermentation. Why is glycolysis important to both cellular respiration and fermentation? It is the first step in both processes and produces pyruvate and ATP. What happens to NADH during fermentation? NADH is oxidized to NAD+ to keep glycolysis running. Can fermentation occur in the presence of oxygen? Fermentation usually occurs when oxygen is absent or limited. What is the role of the mitochondria in cellular respiration? It hosts the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain to produce most of the cell’s ATP. How does fermentation benefit single-celled organisms? It allows them to generate energy quickly without the need for oxygen. 4 What waste product causes muscle soreness after intense exercise? Lactic acid buildup in the muscles.