Stages of Cellular Respiration Questions and Answers Graded A+

Stages of Cellular Respiration Questions and Answers Graded A+ What is the first stage of cellular respiration? The first stage of cellular respiration is glycolysis, where glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. What happens to glucose during glycolysis? During glycolysis, glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate, producing small amounts of ATP and NADH in the process. Where does glycolysis occur in the cell? Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. What is the second stage of cellular respiration? The second stage of cellular respiration is the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle or TCA cycle), where pyruvate is further broken down to produce high-energy electron carriers. 2 What happens to pyruvate after glycolysis if oxygen is available? If oxygen is available, pyruvate enters the mitochondria and is converted into acetyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle. Where does the citric acid cycle take place? The citric acid cycle takes place in the mitochondrial matrix. What is the role of acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle? Acetyl-CoA combines with oxaloacetate to form citric acid, which is then processed through the cycle, releasing energy in the form of NADH, FADH2, and ATP. How many ATP molecules are produced in the citric acid cycle per glucose molecule? The citric acid cycle produces 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule. What is the final stage of cellular respiration? The final stage of cellular respiration is the electron transport chain, where the majority of ATP is produced. 3 Where does the electron transport chain occur in eukaryotic cells? The electron transport chain occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotic cells. What is the role of oxygen in the electron transport chain? Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, combining with electrons and protons to form water. What is the proton gradient and why is it important in cellular respiration? The proton gradient is the concentration difference of protons (H+) across the mitochondrial membrane, and it is important because it drives ATP synthesis through ATP synthase. What is the role of ATP synthase in cellular respiration? ATP synthase is an enzyme that uses the proton gradient to produce ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. How many ATP molecules are produced by the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration? The electron transport chain produces approximately 34 ATP molecules per glucose molecule in aerobic respiration. 4 What is the total amount of ATP produced from one molecule of glucose in aerobic respiration? One molecule of glucose in aerobic respiration