NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 Questions With All
Correct & Verified Answers
HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) Correct answer-can use urine, saliva, or serum (most
accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure to see antibodies, >99% accurate
4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"
measures P24 antigen
can test 10 days post exposure
Mast cell Correct answer-Cellular bags of granules located in loose connective tisssue close to
blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory process.
Histamine Correct answer-Causes vasodilation, increases vascular permeability, increases blood
flow to the site of injury- causes erythema and swelling.
Cytokines Correct answer-Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation of innate or adaptive
resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can
react quickly or be more delayed.
Leukotrines Correct answer-Released when mast cells degranulate, prolong the inflammatory
process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils.target of inhibition for
singular.
Prostaglandins Correct answer-Released when mast cells degranulate, are produced by the
arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet aggregation at site of injury, pain, and fever.
Chemotactic factors Correct answer-Biochemical substance that attracts leukocyte to the site of
inflammation
Neutrophils Correct answer-Predominant leukocyte at work during the early stages of acute
inflammation
Monocytes Correct answer-Become macrophages when entering the tissue, responsible for
presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-cell immunity and B-cell immunity.
Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.
Cytokine IL1 function Correct answer-Causes fever, activates phagocytes & lymphocytes and also
increases the release of IL6a
Cytokine IL6 function Correct answer-Stimulates production of acute phase reactants and
promotes growth and stimulation of RBCs
Cytokine TNF function Correct answer-Causes fever, increases synthesis of proinflammatory
proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces thrombosis
Cytokine growth factor function Correct answer-Promotes production and maturation of
neutrophils
Complement Correct answer-Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation and increased vascular
permeability, triggers mast cell degranulation, chemotaxis, and opsonization.
, Kinin Correct answer-Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for pain and chemotaxis, and it
increases vascular permeability and vasodilation.
Coagulation cascade Correct answer-Factor XII activates kinin. Function is to form fibrin mesh to
stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.
COX1 Correct answer-Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Provides gastroprotection, platelet
aggregation, fluid/electrolyte balance
COX2 Correct answer-Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Responsible for pain, fever, renal
protection, tissue repair, reproduction development.
COX2 inhibitors- clinical implications Correct answer-Protect gastric mucosa- prevent ulcers and
bleeding. Removed from market r/t cardiac events except for Celebrex. Can impair renal function ,
monitor labs.
Arachidonic pathway purpose Correct answer-Synthesis of prostaglandins
Non-selective NSAIDS Correct answer-Inhibit COX1 and COX2, risk for gastric ulceration, GI bleeds,
edema, renal impairment
ASA Correct answer-Blocks COX1 and COX2, also inhibits Thromboxane A2 and prostaglandins
Corticosteroids Correct answer-Inhibit phospholipase A2, preventing formation of prostaglandins,
thromboxane A2, prostacyclin, and leukotrines
Thromboxane Correct answer-Vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation
Prostacyclin Correct answer-Vasodilation, platelet aggregation (most effective one)
Type 1 hypersensitivity Correct answer-E. Immediate response to allergen, food, meds, pollen,
asthma, allergic reactions
P. IgE binds with antigen at 1st exposure. Antigen binds with this complex at 2nd exposure.
Inflammatory cascade initiates.
C.M. Urticaria, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, angioedema, anaphylaxis
Atopic disorders Correct answer-Genetic Type 1 hypersensitivity, asthma, hay fever, eczema,
urticaria
Type 2 hypersensitivity Correct answer-E. Antibodies directed against fixed antigens on the plasma
membrane of cells
C.M. Varies depending on alloimmune or autoimmune
Alloimmunity and example of hypersensitivity Correct answer-When an individuals immune system
reacts against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same species
Blood transfusions- causes clumping and lysis of RBC- fever, nausea, chills, low back pain, dark urine,
hives, itching, SOB
Rh incompatibility- hemolytic disease of newborn with jaundice, give Rhogam within 72 hours of
birth (Rh- mother with Rh+ child)
Correct & Verified Answers
HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) Correct answer-can use urine, saliva, or serum (most
accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure to see antibodies, >99% accurate
4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"
measures P24 antigen
can test 10 days post exposure
Mast cell Correct answer-Cellular bags of granules located in loose connective tisssue close to
blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory process.
Histamine Correct answer-Causes vasodilation, increases vascular permeability, increases blood
flow to the site of injury- causes erythema and swelling.
Cytokines Correct answer-Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation of innate or adaptive
resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can
react quickly or be more delayed.
Leukotrines Correct answer-Released when mast cells degranulate, prolong the inflammatory
process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils.target of inhibition for
singular.
Prostaglandins Correct answer-Released when mast cells degranulate, are produced by the
arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet aggregation at site of injury, pain, and fever.
Chemotactic factors Correct answer-Biochemical substance that attracts leukocyte to the site of
inflammation
Neutrophils Correct answer-Predominant leukocyte at work during the early stages of acute
inflammation
Monocytes Correct answer-Become macrophages when entering the tissue, responsible for
presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-cell immunity and B-cell immunity.
Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.
Cytokine IL1 function Correct answer-Causes fever, activates phagocytes & lymphocytes and also
increases the release of IL6a
Cytokine IL6 function Correct answer-Stimulates production of acute phase reactants and
promotes growth and stimulation of RBCs
Cytokine TNF function Correct answer-Causes fever, increases synthesis of proinflammatory
proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces thrombosis
Cytokine growth factor function Correct answer-Promotes production and maturation of
neutrophils
Complement Correct answer-Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation and increased vascular
permeability, triggers mast cell degranulation, chemotaxis, and opsonization.
, Kinin Correct answer-Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for pain and chemotaxis, and it
increases vascular permeability and vasodilation.
Coagulation cascade Correct answer-Factor XII activates kinin. Function is to form fibrin mesh to
stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.
COX1 Correct answer-Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Provides gastroprotection, platelet
aggregation, fluid/electrolyte balance
COX2 Correct answer-Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Responsible for pain, fever, renal
protection, tissue repair, reproduction development.
COX2 inhibitors- clinical implications Correct answer-Protect gastric mucosa- prevent ulcers and
bleeding. Removed from market r/t cardiac events except for Celebrex. Can impair renal function ,
monitor labs.
Arachidonic pathway purpose Correct answer-Synthesis of prostaglandins
Non-selective NSAIDS Correct answer-Inhibit COX1 and COX2, risk for gastric ulceration, GI bleeds,
edema, renal impairment
ASA Correct answer-Blocks COX1 and COX2, also inhibits Thromboxane A2 and prostaglandins
Corticosteroids Correct answer-Inhibit phospholipase A2, preventing formation of prostaglandins,
thromboxane A2, prostacyclin, and leukotrines
Thromboxane Correct answer-Vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation
Prostacyclin Correct answer-Vasodilation, platelet aggregation (most effective one)
Type 1 hypersensitivity Correct answer-E. Immediate response to allergen, food, meds, pollen,
asthma, allergic reactions
P. IgE binds with antigen at 1st exposure. Antigen binds with this complex at 2nd exposure.
Inflammatory cascade initiates.
C.M. Urticaria, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, angioedema, anaphylaxis
Atopic disorders Correct answer-Genetic Type 1 hypersensitivity, asthma, hay fever, eczema,
urticaria
Type 2 hypersensitivity Correct answer-E. Antibodies directed against fixed antigens on the plasma
membrane of cells
C.M. Varies depending on alloimmune or autoimmune
Alloimmunity and example of hypersensitivity Correct answer-When an individuals immune system
reacts against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same species
Blood transfusions- causes clumping and lysis of RBC- fever, nausea, chills, low back pain, dark urine,
hives, itching, SOB
Rh incompatibility- hemolytic disease of newborn with jaundice, give Rhogam within 72 hours of
birth (Rh- mother with Rh+ child)
