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BIOL 121 EXAM 1 PURDUE Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
How many species? - ANS 1.9 million species. Total diversity of 8.7 million species. (1/2 live
on about 6% of rain forests.
Taxonomy - ANS The scientific study of how living things are classified. according to a
scheme
Systematics - ANS Evolutionary and genetic relationships between organisms.
Tree of Life - ANS Kingdom/Phylum/Class/Order/Family/Genus/Species
Prokaryote - ANS unicellular
Asexual reproduction
none/few organelles
circular chromosome
single membrane
bacteria and archaea
Eukaryote - ANS asexual/sexual reproduction
mitosis and meiosis
inner & outer membrane
1
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
organelles
no circular chromosome
-nucleus: genetic material
-mitochondria: power house
Homo sapiens - ANS homo - genus
sapins - name of species
Carbohydrates - ANS starches and sugars
Carbohydrate function - ANS source of energy
stored energy
structural components
Monosaccharides - ANS ribose, glucose, glyceraldehyde
simple sugars
Disaccharide - ANS double sugar
sucrose
Polysaccharides - ANS starch and multiple sugars
easily broken down by enzymes
Lipids - ANS C, H, O
fats, oils, waxes
Lipid Function - ANS membrane structure
2
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
energy storage
structural basis for animal hormones & vitamins
Triglycerides - ANS glycerol + 3 fatty acids
Saturated: max # of hydrogen (saturated with H)
Unsaturated: min # of hydrogen; double bonds
Saturated Fatty Acids - ANS max number of H atoms possible
pack tightly
+ cholesterol = heart disease
Unsaturated Fatty Acids - ANS double bonds
crooked structure
liquid
Cholesterol - ANS made in liver and degraded in liver
LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) - delivery trucks, bad, dilivery cholesterol directly to the cells
HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) - good, garbage trucks, moving excess cholesterol to the liver,
which turns it into bile
Phospholipids - ANS two fatty acids + phosphate group + glycerol
membrane function
Steroids - ANS lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused carbon rings.
Testosterone
3
BIOL 121 EXAM 1 PURDUE Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
How many species? - ANS 1.9 million species. Total diversity of 8.7 million species. (1/2 live
on about 6% of rain forests.
Taxonomy - ANS The scientific study of how living things are classified. according to a
scheme
Systematics - ANS Evolutionary and genetic relationships between organisms.
Tree of Life - ANS Kingdom/Phylum/Class/Order/Family/Genus/Species
Prokaryote - ANS unicellular
Asexual reproduction
none/few organelles
circular chromosome
single membrane
bacteria and archaea
Eukaryote - ANS asexual/sexual reproduction
mitosis and meiosis
inner & outer membrane
1
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
organelles
no circular chromosome
-nucleus: genetic material
-mitochondria: power house
Homo sapiens - ANS homo - genus
sapins - name of species
Carbohydrates - ANS starches and sugars
Carbohydrate function - ANS source of energy
stored energy
structural components
Monosaccharides - ANS ribose, glucose, glyceraldehyde
simple sugars
Disaccharide - ANS double sugar
sucrose
Polysaccharides - ANS starch and multiple sugars
easily broken down by enzymes
Lipids - ANS C, H, O
fats, oils, waxes
Lipid Function - ANS membrane structure
2
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
energy storage
structural basis for animal hormones & vitamins
Triglycerides - ANS glycerol + 3 fatty acids
Saturated: max # of hydrogen (saturated with H)
Unsaturated: min # of hydrogen; double bonds
Saturated Fatty Acids - ANS max number of H atoms possible
pack tightly
+ cholesterol = heart disease
Unsaturated Fatty Acids - ANS double bonds
crooked structure
liquid
Cholesterol - ANS made in liver and degraded in liver
LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) - delivery trucks, bad, dilivery cholesterol directly to the cells
HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) - good, garbage trucks, moving excess cholesterol to the liver,
which turns it into bile
Phospholipids - ANS two fatty acids + phosphate group + glycerol
membrane function
Steroids - ANS lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused carbon rings.
Testosterone
3
