Educational Psychology
TOPIC ONE,[questions
and answers]GUIDED*
When teachers enforce or reinforce certain values and behaviors with their students, they are
carrying out what role?
(A) content or subject-matter expert
(B) socialization agent
(C) classroom manager
(D) motivator
(E) counselor - ANSWERS-(B) socialization agent
A teacher who wants to foster moral development in accordance with Lawrence Kohlberg's
scheme would be most likely to
(A) provide students with social service internships
(B) provide opportunities for students to discuss moral dilemmas
(C) group students according to the same level of moral development
(D) group students according to mixed levels of moral development
(E) group students by gender in order to acknowledge their differences in moral development -
ANSWERS-(B) provide opportunities for students to discuss moral dilemmas
,Paying attention to new information is important in the learning process because such attention
brings information from
(A) an external environment into the sensory register
(B) an external environment into long-term memory
(C) the sensory register into working memory
(D) working memory into long-term memory
(E) the sensory register into long-term memory - ANSWERS-(C) the sensory register into working
memory
Which of the following learning outcomes usually undergoes the largest loss within 24 hours of
acquisition?
(A) The learning of meaningful material
(B) The learning of rote material
(C) The formulation of concepts
(D) The application of principles
(E) The making of generalizations - ANSWERS-(B) The learning of rote material correct
George Miller's research finding that humans have a processing capacity of seven plus-orminus
two items applies to which of the following types of memory?
(A) Sensory register
(B) Explicit
(C) Implicit
(D) Short-term
(E) Procedural - ANSWERS-(D) Short-term
,Mr. Janoff, a social studies teacher, sometimes has students who request copies of his notes or
slides from class. He explains that it is better for students to take the notes themselves. Taking
notes helps students improve their
(A) retrieval
(b) bottom-up processing
(C) encoding
(D) use of the keyword strategy
(E) use of mnemonics - ANSWERS-(C) encoding
According to cognitive learning theorists, students will best be able to learn a new concept or
skill if the contents of the lesson are
(A) memorized and recited
(B) written into a lesson plan as observable behavioral objectives
(C) presented with the most modern technology possible
(D) related to concepts and skills they had previously mastered
(E) presented in a series of startling and complex visual stimuli - ANSWERS-(D) related to
concepts and skills they had previously mastered
A student wants to win a contest by memorizing the most decimal places for pi. Which of the
following is the best strategy for the student to use to enhance recall of the numbers?
(A) Grouping the numbers in chunks of 5, 6, or 7
(B) Reciting the numbers many times
(C) Memorize numbers in chunks of 25
(D) Writing out the numbers on paper
(E) Trying to find a pattern in any given sequence - ANSWERS-(A) Grouping the numbers in
chunks of 5, 6, or 7
, Of the following, learning is best defined as
(A) development that occurs without external stimulation
(B) the process of overcoming obstacles during instinctual behavior
(C) effort that is persistent, selective, and purposeful
(D) the modification of behavior through experience
(E) the gathering of data to test hypotheses - ANSWERS-(D) the modification of behavior
through experience
A person who drove a manual-transmission car for years finds that, when driving a car with an
automatic transmission, he often lifts his foot to step on the clutch. This driver is experiencing
(A) parallel distributed processing
(B) an articulatory loop
(C) positive transfer
(D) proactive interference
(E) retroactive interference - ANSWERS-(D) proactive interference
During a final exam, Ellen started breathing really hard and her heart felt as if it would jump out
of her chest. What hormone was most likely involved in this process?
(A) Epinephrine
(B) Dopamine
(C) Norepinephrine
(D) Serotonin
(E) Cortisol - ANSWERS-(A) Epinephrine
Some psychologists theorize that behavioral development, like anatomical development,
proceeds from the simple to the complex, from homogeneous to heterogeneous, and from the
general to the specific. Which of the following terms refers to these developmental trends?
(A) Constancy
TOPIC ONE,[questions
and answers]GUIDED*
When teachers enforce or reinforce certain values and behaviors with their students, they are
carrying out what role?
(A) content or subject-matter expert
(B) socialization agent
(C) classroom manager
(D) motivator
(E) counselor - ANSWERS-(B) socialization agent
A teacher who wants to foster moral development in accordance with Lawrence Kohlberg's
scheme would be most likely to
(A) provide students with social service internships
(B) provide opportunities for students to discuss moral dilemmas
(C) group students according to the same level of moral development
(D) group students according to mixed levels of moral development
(E) group students by gender in order to acknowledge their differences in moral development -
ANSWERS-(B) provide opportunities for students to discuss moral dilemmas
,Paying attention to new information is important in the learning process because such attention
brings information from
(A) an external environment into the sensory register
(B) an external environment into long-term memory
(C) the sensory register into working memory
(D) working memory into long-term memory
(E) the sensory register into long-term memory - ANSWERS-(C) the sensory register into working
memory
Which of the following learning outcomes usually undergoes the largest loss within 24 hours of
acquisition?
(A) The learning of meaningful material
(B) The learning of rote material
(C) The formulation of concepts
(D) The application of principles
(E) The making of generalizations - ANSWERS-(B) The learning of rote material correct
George Miller's research finding that humans have a processing capacity of seven plus-orminus
two items applies to which of the following types of memory?
(A) Sensory register
(B) Explicit
(C) Implicit
(D) Short-term
(E) Procedural - ANSWERS-(D) Short-term
,Mr. Janoff, a social studies teacher, sometimes has students who request copies of his notes or
slides from class. He explains that it is better for students to take the notes themselves. Taking
notes helps students improve their
(A) retrieval
(b) bottom-up processing
(C) encoding
(D) use of the keyword strategy
(E) use of mnemonics - ANSWERS-(C) encoding
According to cognitive learning theorists, students will best be able to learn a new concept or
skill if the contents of the lesson are
(A) memorized and recited
(B) written into a lesson plan as observable behavioral objectives
(C) presented with the most modern technology possible
(D) related to concepts and skills they had previously mastered
(E) presented in a series of startling and complex visual stimuli - ANSWERS-(D) related to
concepts and skills they had previously mastered
A student wants to win a contest by memorizing the most decimal places for pi. Which of the
following is the best strategy for the student to use to enhance recall of the numbers?
(A) Grouping the numbers in chunks of 5, 6, or 7
(B) Reciting the numbers many times
(C) Memorize numbers in chunks of 25
(D) Writing out the numbers on paper
(E) Trying to find a pattern in any given sequence - ANSWERS-(A) Grouping the numbers in
chunks of 5, 6, or 7
, Of the following, learning is best defined as
(A) development that occurs without external stimulation
(B) the process of overcoming obstacles during instinctual behavior
(C) effort that is persistent, selective, and purposeful
(D) the modification of behavior through experience
(E) the gathering of data to test hypotheses - ANSWERS-(D) the modification of behavior
through experience
A person who drove a manual-transmission car for years finds that, when driving a car with an
automatic transmission, he often lifts his foot to step on the clutch. This driver is experiencing
(A) parallel distributed processing
(B) an articulatory loop
(C) positive transfer
(D) proactive interference
(E) retroactive interference - ANSWERS-(D) proactive interference
During a final exam, Ellen started breathing really hard and her heart felt as if it would jump out
of her chest. What hormone was most likely involved in this process?
(A) Epinephrine
(B) Dopamine
(C) Norepinephrine
(D) Serotonin
(E) Cortisol - ANSWERS-(A) Epinephrine
Some psychologists theorize that behavioral development, like anatomical development,
proceeds from the simple to the complex, from homogeneous to heterogeneous, and from the
general to the specific. Which of the following terms refers to these developmental trends?
(A) Constancy
