Pathophysiology 3050 Final Exam
Questions with Answers Correct!!
First line of defense (innate) - ANSWERSskin and mucous membranes (flora micro
biome)
2nd line of defense - ANSWERSinflammation and fever
3rd line of defense (acquired/specific) - ANSWERSMemory B cells
rubor, tumor, calor, dalor - ANSWERSredness, swelling, heat, pain
Inflammatory response (vascular tissue) - ANSWERSnonspecific reaction to tissue
damage caused by injury, infection or allergies
Selye's General Adaptation Theory - ANSWERSstress response, neurophysiological
chemical mediators, stressors
complement system - ANSWERSClassical Pathway- C1 binds IgG or IgM that's bound
to antigen
Alternative pathway- microbial products directly activate
Lectin pathway - MBL binds to mannose on microorganisms and activates complement
coagulation - ANSWERSfibrinous meshwork that stops bleeding
inflammatory process (SIRS) - ANSWERS1. tissue injury
2. vascular stage:
immediate response
chemical mediators-
kinin->mast cells->mast cell degranulation->activation of mediators->capillary
permeability inc
3. platelet activation/vasoconstriction
4. Regeneration-> healing
Chemical mediators of inflammation - ANSWERShistamine, leukotrienes, bradykinin,
complement, and prostaglandins
inflammatory fluids - ANSWERSserous- clear, yellow
, fibrinous- sticky, thick
purulent- infection; surplus of puss
abscess- nasty (cross contamination)
Immunocompetence - ANSWERSexposure to antigens
clonal selection - ANSWERSactivation of immune process (b&T cells)
primary immune response - ANSWERSlatency "lag" period- no symptoms
1-2 weeks
secondary immune response - ANSWERSmemory cells facilitate a faster, more efficient
response
immunity mediators - ANSWERSmacrophages (from monocytes)- engulf foreign
material, secrete monokines & interleukins
humoral immunity (B lymphocytes) - ANSWERSspecific immunity produced by B cells
(bone marrow) that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids
cell-mediated immunity (T lymphocytes) - ANSWERStype of immunity produced by T
cells that attack infected or abnormal body cells
Immunoglobulins (antibodies) - ANSWERSIgG (most common)- crosses placenta,
protect newborn
IgA- blood and secretions *colostrum
IgM (largest)- initial response, neonatal
IgE- allergic responses, serum not tissues, binds to mast cells
IgD- activates B cells
Diagnostic tests for immune - ANSWERSTiter- AB serum levels
ELISA- immunoassay (autoimmune disorders): HIV, syphilis, Zika
MHC- tissue matching
anaphylaxis (anaphylactic shock) - ANSWERSAn extreme, life-threatening systemic
allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure.
Hypersensitivity reaction types - ANSWERS1. IgE mediated- ice and mast cells
(allergies)
2. Cytotoxic hypersensitivity- reaction against specific foreign cells/tissue (IgG)
Questions with Answers Correct!!
First line of defense (innate) - ANSWERSskin and mucous membranes (flora micro
biome)
2nd line of defense - ANSWERSinflammation and fever
3rd line of defense (acquired/specific) - ANSWERSMemory B cells
rubor, tumor, calor, dalor - ANSWERSredness, swelling, heat, pain
Inflammatory response (vascular tissue) - ANSWERSnonspecific reaction to tissue
damage caused by injury, infection or allergies
Selye's General Adaptation Theory - ANSWERSstress response, neurophysiological
chemical mediators, stressors
complement system - ANSWERSClassical Pathway- C1 binds IgG or IgM that's bound
to antigen
Alternative pathway- microbial products directly activate
Lectin pathway - MBL binds to mannose on microorganisms and activates complement
coagulation - ANSWERSfibrinous meshwork that stops bleeding
inflammatory process (SIRS) - ANSWERS1. tissue injury
2. vascular stage:
immediate response
chemical mediators-
kinin->mast cells->mast cell degranulation->activation of mediators->capillary
permeability inc
3. platelet activation/vasoconstriction
4. Regeneration-> healing
Chemical mediators of inflammation - ANSWERShistamine, leukotrienes, bradykinin,
complement, and prostaglandins
inflammatory fluids - ANSWERSserous- clear, yellow
, fibrinous- sticky, thick
purulent- infection; surplus of puss
abscess- nasty (cross contamination)
Immunocompetence - ANSWERSexposure to antigens
clonal selection - ANSWERSactivation of immune process (b&T cells)
primary immune response - ANSWERSlatency "lag" period- no symptoms
1-2 weeks
secondary immune response - ANSWERSmemory cells facilitate a faster, more efficient
response
immunity mediators - ANSWERSmacrophages (from monocytes)- engulf foreign
material, secrete monokines & interleukins
humoral immunity (B lymphocytes) - ANSWERSspecific immunity produced by B cells
(bone marrow) that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids
cell-mediated immunity (T lymphocytes) - ANSWERStype of immunity produced by T
cells that attack infected or abnormal body cells
Immunoglobulins (antibodies) - ANSWERSIgG (most common)- crosses placenta,
protect newborn
IgA- blood and secretions *colostrum
IgM (largest)- initial response, neonatal
IgE- allergic responses, serum not tissues, binds to mast cells
IgD- activates B cells
Diagnostic tests for immune - ANSWERSTiter- AB serum levels
ELISA- immunoassay (autoimmune disorders): HIV, syphilis, Zika
MHC- tissue matching
anaphylaxis (anaphylactic shock) - ANSWERSAn extreme, life-threatening systemic
allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure.
Hypersensitivity reaction types - ANSWERS1. IgE mediated- ice and mast cells
(allergies)
2. Cytotoxic hypersensitivity- reaction against specific foreign cells/tissue (IgG)
