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CompTIA Network+ Certification (Exam N10-007)
Questions and Correct Answers/ Latest Update /
Already Graded
What does OSI stand for?
Ans: Open Systems Interconnection, which is a seven-layer network model
What does TCP/IP stand for?
Ans: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
Name the 7 layers of the OSI model in order (# & name)
Ans: Layer 7 Application, Layer 6 Presentation, Layer 5 Session, Layer 4
Transport, Layer 3 Network, Layer 2 Data Link, Layer 1 Physical
Bottom-up mnemonic: "Please Do Not Throw Sausage Pizza Away."
Top-down mnemonic: "All People Seem To Need Data Processing."
What is UTP?
Ans: Unshielded Twisted Pair cable. Usually contains four pairs of wires that can
transmit and receive data
Define the Physical Layer of OSI
Ans: Layer 1 of the OSI model defines the method of moving data between
computers, so the cabling and central box are part of the Physical layer (Layer 1).
Anything that moves data from one system to another, such as copper cabling,
fiber optics, even radio waves, is part of the OSI Physical layer. Layer 1 doesn't
care what data goes through; it just moves the data from one system to another
system. NOTE: The NIC is NOT considered part of the Physical Layer, but
usually is part of Layer 2 (Data Link).
What is a MAC address?
© 2025/ 2026 | ® All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
Ans: Inside every NIC, burned onto some type of ROM chip, is special firmware
containing a unique identifier with a 48-bit value called the media access control
address, or MAC address.
No two NICs ever share the same MAC address—ever. Any company that makes
NICs must contact the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and
request a block of MAC addresses, which the company then burns into the ROMs
on its NICs. Many NIC makers also print the MAC address on the surface of each
NIC.
Represented in hex, each hex being 4 bits, hence, 12 hex chars make up the 48-bit
MAC address value.
E.g. 00-40-05-60-7D-49
The first six digits, in this example 00-40-05, represent the number of the NIC
manufacturer. Once the IEEE issues those six hex digits to a manufacturer—
referred to as the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI)—no other
manufacturer may use them. The last six digits, in this example 60-7D-49, are the
manufacturer's unique serial number for that NIC; this portion of the MAC is
often referred to as the device ID.
What are 2 other ways to refer to the MAC address?
Ans: Most techs just call them MAC addresses, as you should, but you might
see MAC-48 or EUI-48 on the CompTIA Network+ exam.
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) forms MAC addresses
from a numbering name space originally called MAC-48, which simply means that
the MAC address will be 48 bits, with the first 24 bits defining the OUI, just as
described here. The current term for this numbering name space is EUI-48. EUI
stands for Extended Unique Identifier.
How do NICs read computer data?
Ans: NICs send and receive the computer's binary data as pulses of electricity,
light, or radio waves. The NICs that use electricity to send and receive data are
the most common, so let's consider that type of NIC.
Just think of a charge on the wire as a one and no charge as a zero.
How does the network get the right data to the right system?
© 2025/ 2026 | ® All rights reserved
, 3 | Page
Ans: All networks transmit data by breaking whatever is moving across the
Physical layer (files, print jobs, Web pages, and so forth) into discrete chunks
called frames.
What is a "frame"?
Ans: A frame is basically a container for a chunk of data moving across a
network. The NIC creates and sends, as well as receives and reads, these frames.
A number of different frame types are used in different networks. All NICs on the
same network must use the same frame type, or they will not be able to
communicate with other NICs.
Name the parts of a frame & describe each part.
Ans: Recipient's MAC | Sender's MAC | Type | Data | FCS
The frame starts with the MAC address of the NIC to which the data is to be
sent, followed by the MAC address of the sending NIC.
Type: indicates the specific network technology of the frame.
Data: the payload. Note, NICs don't care at all what the data is; it just passes it
along unaware. Special software will take care of what data gets sent and what
happens to that data when it arrives. Different types of networks use different
sizes of frames, but the frames used in most networks hold at most 1500 bytes of
data.
FCS: special bit of checking information called the frame check sequence (FCS).
What is FCS?
Ans: Frame Check Sequence. The FCS uses a type of binary math called a cyclic
redundancy check (CRC) that the receiving NIC uses to verify that the data
arrived intact.
What is MAC addressing?
Ans: CompTIA calls the use of the MAC address to get frames to the proper
computer or node MAC addressing.
© 2025/ 2026 | ® All rights reserved
CompTIA Network+ Certification (Exam N10-007)
Questions and Correct Answers/ Latest Update /
Already Graded
What does OSI stand for?
Ans: Open Systems Interconnection, which is a seven-layer network model
What does TCP/IP stand for?
Ans: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
Name the 7 layers of the OSI model in order (# & name)
Ans: Layer 7 Application, Layer 6 Presentation, Layer 5 Session, Layer 4
Transport, Layer 3 Network, Layer 2 Data Link, Layer 1 Physical
Bottom-up mnemonic: "Please Do Not Throw Sausage Pizza Away."
Top-down mnemonic: "All People Seem To Need Data Processing."
What is UTP?
Ans: Unshielded Twisted Pair cable. Usually contains four pairs of wires that can
transmit and receive data
Define the Physical Layer of OSI
Ans: Layer 1 of the OSI model defines the method of moving data between
computers, so the cabling and central box are part of the Physical layer (Layer 1).
Anything that moves data from one system to another, such as copper cabling,
fiber optics, even radio waves, is part of the OSI Physical layer. Layer 1 doesn't
care what data goes through; it just moves the data from one system to another
system. NOTE: The NIC is NOT considered part of the Physical Layer, but
usually is part of Layer 2 (Data Link).
What is a MAC address?
© 2025/ 2026 | ® All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
Ans: Inside every NIC, burned onto some type of ROM chip, is special firmware
containing a unique identifier with a 48-bit value called the media access control
address, or MAC address.
No two NICs ever share the same MAC address—ever. Any company that makes
NICs must contact the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and
request a block of MAC addresses, which the company then burns into the ROMs
on its NICs. Many NIC makers also print the MAC address on the surface of each
NIC.
Represented in hex, each hex being 4 bits, hence, 12 hex chars make up the 48-bit
MAC address value.
E.g. 00-40-05-60-7D-49
The first six digits, in this example 00-40-05, represent the number of the NIC
manufacturer. Once the IEEE issues those six hex digits to a manufacturer—
referred to as the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI)—no other
manufacturer may use them. The last six digits, in this example 60-7D-49, are the
manufacturer's unique serial number for that NIC; this portion of the MAC is
often referred to as the device ID.
What are 2 other ways to refer to the MAC address?
Ans: Most techs just call them MAC addresses, as you should, but you might
see MAC-48 or EUI-48 on the CompTIA Network+ exam.
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) forms MAC addresses
from a numbering name space originally called MAC-48, which simply means that
the MAC address will be 48 bits, with the first 24 bits defining the OUI, just as
described here. The current term for this numbering name space is EUI-48. EUI
stands for Extended Unique Identifier.
How do NICs read computer data?
Ans: NICs send and receive the computer's binary data as pulses of electricity,
light, or radio waves. The NICs that use electricity to send and receive data are
the most common, so let's consider that type of NIC.
Just think of a charge on the wire as a one and no charge as a zero.
How does the network get the right data to the right system?
© 2025/ 2026 | ® All rights reserved
, 3 | Page
Ans: All networks transmit data by breaking whatever is moving across the
Physical layer (files, print jobs, Web pages, and so forth) into discrete chunks
called frames.
What is a "frame"?
Ans: A frame is basically a container for a chunk of data moving across a
network. The NIC creates and sends, as well as receives and reads, these frames.
A number of different frame types are used in different networks. All NICs on the
same network must use the same frame type, or they will not be able to
communicate with other NICs.
Name the parts of a frame & describe each part.
Ans: Recipient's MAC | Sender's MAC | Type | Data | FCS
The frame starts with the MAC address of the NIC to which the data is to be
sent, followed by the MAC address of the sending NIC.
Type: indicates the specific network technology of the frame.
Data: the payload. Note, NICs don't care at all what the data is; it just passes it
along unaware. Special software will take care of what data gets sent and what
happens to that data when it arrives. Different types of networks use different
sizes of frames, but the frames used in most networks hold at most 1500 bytes of
data.
FCS: special bit of checking information called the frame check sequence (FCS).
What is FCS?
Ans: Frame Check Sequence. The FCS uses a type of binary math called a cyclic
redundancy check (CRC) that the receiving NIC uses to verify that the data
arrived intact.
What is MAC addressing?
Ans: CompTIA calls the use of the MAC address to get frames to the proper
computer or node MAC addressing.
© 2025/ 2026 | ® All rights reserved
