Nanomedicine Midterm Prep 2025
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Define nanomedicine and list at least three different applications of nanomedicine. -
✔✔Nanomedicine is the use of nano-biotechnology in medicine. Different applications
of nanomedicine include imaging agents and diagnostics, real-time assessment to
accelerate clinical translation, multifunctional targeted devices, monitoring predictive
molecular changes, and research enablers like chip-based nano-labs.
Name four examples of FDA-approved nanotechnology-based products, and explain
one advantage of using nanocarriers in drug delivery. - ✔✔Four examples of FDA-
approved nanotechnology-based products are Abraxane, Doxil, Feraheme, and
Mycamine. An advantage of using nanocarriers in drug delivery is the enhanced
targeting and delivery of therapeutic agents to specific cells or tissues, reducing off-
target effects and improving treatment efficacy.
What physicochemical characteristics influence the toxicity and biodistribution of
nanoconstructs? Provide examples of physical and chemical characteristics. -
✔✔Physicochemical characteristics influencing nanoconstructs toxicity and
biodistribution include physical characteristics like size, surface area, and shape, and
chemical characteristics like charge, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, and surface
chemistry. For instance, a smaller size and a positive charge may increase cellular
uptake, while hydrophobicity can affect solubility and toxicity.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Summarize the findings reported in the research article "Multivalent HER2-binding
polymer conjugates facilitate rapid endocytosis and enhance intracellular drug
delivery." - ✔✔The research co-opts crosslinking-mediated internalization for efficient
intracellular delivery of an anticancer nanomedicine, particularly an HPMA copolymer-
based drug delivery system. The study synthesized and characterized HPMA
copolymers-affibody conjugates, demonstrating that higher valence conjugates
enhanced intracellular drug delivery and cytotoxicity against HER2-positive cells.
What polymerization technique was used in the synthesis of polymer conjugates in the
mentioned article, and why is it relevant for drug delivery systems? - ✔✔Radical
polymerization was used in the synthesis of polymer conjugates in the article. This
technique is relevant for drug delivery systems because it allows for the controlled and
efficient formation of polymer-drug conjugates, enabling targeted drug delivery to
specific cells or tissues.
List the monomers, initiators, and chain transfer agent used for the synthesis of the
polymer-affibody conjugates. - ✔✔The monomers used were HPMA and APMA. The
initiator was V50, and the chain transfer agent was 4-cyanopentanoic acid
dithiobenzoate.
Describe the characterization techniques used to assess the properties of the polymer
conjugates in the study. - ✔✔The characterization techniques included size exclusion
chromatography for molecular weight and polydispersity, Ninhydrin assay for amine
content, reverse-phase HPLC for drug content, modified Ellman's assay for the
conversion of amine sidechains to maleimide groups, and Bradford assay and circular
dichroism spectroscopy for determining the valence of copolymer-affibody conjugates.
Based on the Enrichr analysis of transcriptomic data, what pathways and factors should
be considered when evaluating the potential therapeutic agents for chronic Hepatitis B
viral infections? - ✔✔Based on the Enrichr analysis of transcriptomic data, the following
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Define nanomedicine and list at least three different applications of nanomedicine. -
✔✔Nanomedicine is the use of nano-biotechnology in medicine. Different applications
of nanomedicine include imaging agents and diagnostics, real-time assessment to
accelerate clinical translation, multifunctional targeted devices, monitoring predictive
molecular changes, and research enablers like chip-based nano-labs.
Name four examples of FDA-approved nanotechnology-based products, and explain
one advantage of using nanocarriers in drug delivery. - ✔✔Four examples of FDA-
approved nanotechnology-based products are Abraxane, Doxil, Feraheme, and
Mycamine. An advantage of using nanocarriers in drug delivery is the enhanced
targeting and delivery of therapeutic agents to specific cells or tissues, reducing off-
target effects and improving treatment efficacy.
What physicochemical characteristics influence the toxicity and biodistribution of
nanoconstructs? Provide examples of physical and chemical characteristics. -
✔✔Physicochemical characteristics influencing nanoconstructs toxicity and
biodistribution include physical characteristics like size, surface area, and shape, and
chemical characteristics like charge, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, and surface
chemistry. For instance, a smaller size and a positive charge may increase cellular
uptake, while hydrophobicity can affect solubility and toxicity.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Summarize the findings reported in the research article "Multivalent HER2-binding
polymer conjugates facilitate rapid endocytosis and enhance intracellular drug
delivery." - ✔✔The research co-opts crosslinking-mediated internalization for efficient
intracellular delivery of an anticancer nanomedicine, particularly an HPMA copolymer-
based drug delivery system. The study synthesized and characterized HPMA
copolymers-affibody conjugates, demonstrating that higher valence conjugates
enhanced intracellular drug delivery and cytotoxicity against HER2-positive cells.
What polymerization technique was used in the synthesis of polymer conjugates in the
mentioned article, and why is it relevant for drug delivery systems? - ✔✔Radical
polymerization was used in the synthesis of polymer conjugates in the article. This
technique is relevant for drug delivery systems because it allows for the controlled and
efficient formation of polymer-drug conjugates, enabling targeted drug delivery to
specific cells or tissues.
List the monomers, initiators, and chain transfer agent used for the synthesis of the
polymer-affibody conjugates. - ✔✔The monomers used were HPMA and APMA. The
initiator was V50, and the chain transfer agent was 4-cyanopentanoic acid
dithiobenzoate.
Describe the characterization techniques used to assess the properties of the polymer
conjugates in the study. - ✔✔The characterization techniques included size exclusion
chromatography for molecular weight and polydispersity, Ninhydrin assay for amine
content, reverse-phase HPLC for drug content, modified Ellman's assay for the
conversion of amine sidechains to maleimide groups, and Bradford assay and circular
dichroism spectroscopy for determining the valence of copolymer-affibody conjugates.
Based on the Enrichr analysis of transcriptomic data, what pathways and factors should
be considered when evaluating the potential therapeutic agents for chronic Hepatitis B
viral infections? - ✔✔Based on the Enrichr analysis of transcriptomic data, the following
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
