which transfer changes from one person to all other members. When adolescents grow older
they introduce important social-emotional changes which test family relationships through
actions like gaining independence and developing personal identity and becoming more
sensitive to their peers. Young people develop formal operational thinking abilities that allow
them to both question rules and envision new possible directions while natural changes in
family dynamics take place during this period.
The quest for independence by adolescents leads to open confrontations against
parental authority and household established rules which triggers remodelings of family roles
and boundaries. Various levels of emotional regulation development produce intense mood
changes that parents might mistake for rebelliousness instead of normal adolescent
development. Excessive contact with new friends leads teens to reduce their involvement
with their family unit which weakens conventional familial relations and assistance channels.
Under the family stress model the combination between stressors and family resources and
parental interpretations of teenage behavior will determine whether the family experiences
adaptation or crisis. A teenager's struggle for independence can lead to negotiations about
curfews and responsibility avoidance that results in increasing family conflict until parents
and adolescents find ways to communicate effectively.
The family requires joint problem-solving to redefine their rules in order to achieve
balance. A teenage disappointment from peer loss often leads to emotional disconnect from
family functions that parents interpret as neglectful behavior. Students who withdraw from
their families cause established social routines to break down leading to an escalating chain
of anxiety-related emotional deterioration in which parents and teens deal with stress through
short-term coping rather than taking time for thoughtful reflection (Bodner et al., 2018).