WGU D570 Cognitive Psychology Exam Rated A+
A basketball coach is judging two potential players for recruitment and presumes that
the taller athlete is more talented than the shorter one. What thought process does the
coach utilize? - ANSWER-A stereotype about height and performance
A brother and sister are arguing over who should get the last slice of pizza. How do the
siblings use the trade-off strategy to decide who get s the last piece of pizza? -
ANSWER-the brother realizes that he wants the pepperoni topping and sister wants the
crust, so he takes pepperoni and she takes crust.
A child hears the following sentence: "The driver slowed down, looked in the mirror,
then stopped the car." Which cognitive process demonstrates a lexical priming? -
ANSWER-the child processes the word car quickly because it is related to driver.
A child reads the following incorrect sentence: "The car was traceling down the hills
were beautiful." Which cognitive process illustrates the garden path model of parsing? -
ANSWER-The child changes their mind from the subject being the car to the hills
A child reads the following incorrect sentence: "The car was traveling down the hills
were beautiful." Which cognitive process illustrates casual inference? - ANSWER-The
child infers that the hills being beautiful are caused by the motion of the moving car
A community construction project is proposed in two different ways to an
environmentally conscious audience. Group A is told that only 20% of the trees will be
torn down, while group B is told that 80% of the trees will be saved. Which statement
accurately describes the groups' anticipated responses to the community project, based
on the principles of the framing effect? - ANSWER-Group B is more likely to favor the
project since the focus is on retention and gain of 80% of the trees, rather than the 20%
loss of trees.
A first-year university student readily makes new friends with their engineering
classmates. The student assumes that all engineers must be outgoing like their
classmates. How does this case demonstrate misuse of the representativeness
heuristic? - ANSWER-The student shows a bias involving a small sample of the
population.
A group is asked to solve a complex puzzle by first stating its complex rules. Then later,
the puzzle is re-explained more simply, leading to a higher rate of success. How would
understanding the aspects of reasoning affect perception of the problem? - ANSWER-
By considering how context of presentation influences judgment
A hiker walks along a trail looking for a spot for a picture when an unseen snake hisses
from the nearby woods. Which statement is true regarding the hiker's ability to notice
the snake? - ANSWER-They will notice the snake's hiss if they recognize it as a danger
signal
,A journalist interviews a painter and asks, how do you paint with such skill? Which
response from the artist demonstrates expert-induced amnesia? - ANSWER-i dont
know exactly. i dont think about it. i just know how to do it when i do it.
A kindergarten student is trying to solve a handheld maze. The student focuses on the
last step of the maze, causing them to miss earlier steps. What process describes why
the student has a difficult time discovering the first step required to solve the maze? -
ANSWER-Fixation causes the student to focus too much on the last part of the maze
and to overlook important steps at the beginning
A musician is having a difficult time composing a new song. They spend a week
camping alone in the mountains, completing the song while in the wilderness. How can
the musician's solitude contribute to this creativity and solve the problem? - ANSWER-
The musician could avoid distractions and find space to think, allowing them to generate
new ideas.
A person is enjoying a day at the beach. They hear children playing see the ocean
waves feel the warm sun taste the salty air and smell sunscreen. Which state of
consciousness is this person experiencing? - ANSWER-wakeful state
A person is recalling an event that started a war. Which scenario describes a flashbulb
memory? - ANSWER-Person can recall the goosebumps they felt when they first heard
about the war events on a new broadcast
A person is studying a list of names of pastries for their new job at a bakery. Which
example shows the interaction between the deep processing strategies of generation
and self-reference? - ANSWER-The person creates flashcards for the names of the
pastries, pairing each with an estimate of how appetizing the pastry appears.
A person is studying a list of types of fish for a wildlife test that will occur in one week.
Which example illustrates the combined long-term memory encoding strategies of visual
imagery and organization? - ANSWER-The person imagines each fish on a tree
structure corresponding to categories of fish types.
A person is trying to recall the names of a set of seven actors whose pictures were
briefly presented upside down. What explains how the episodic buffer enhances
working memory in this scenario? - ANSWER-The episodic buffer connects with long-
term memory of the actors' faces and names, bringing content into working memory.
A person is viewing an apartment they want to rent. Which example demonstrates the
difference between overt and covert attention in this situation? - ANSWER-person
rapidly moves their eyes to different objects in the apartment instead of keeping their
eyes still.
,A person is walking and talking with a friend in the woods. How does the visuospatial
sketch pad differ from the phonological loop according to Baddeley's model of working
memory? - ANSWER-The visuospatial sketch pad holds information about potential
hazards, whereas the phonological loop holds information related to the friend's words.
A person plans to attend a reception later that night and needs to select an out for the
event. Which statement demonstrates an automatic decision for the person? -
ANSWER-They quickly decide on an outfit they typically wear to events without being
consciously aware that they selected it.
A person recalls a fond childhood memory after walking past a garden of fragrant roses.
Which type of memory is demonstrated in this scenario? - ANSWER-Autobiographical
memory
A person surprises themself in recalling the name of an artist most have not heard of.
Which process occurs when the person tries to remember how they learned that fact? -
ANSWER-Source monitoring
A person went on a trip to the ocean. Which example shows the concept of
autobiographical memory as an integration of episodic and semantic memories for this
scenario? - ANSWER-The person remembers jumping in the waves and the outdoor
temperature that day.
A researcher presents a video of a street intersection and asks that participants count
how many people walked through the intersection. In the video, a limousine passes
through the intersection. Which example would demonstrated in-attentional blindness? -
ANSWER-Some participants do not notice the limousine because they are focused on
the people
A student is in a study lounge watching a video for a class and can fuly focus on the
video despite people chatting in the background and a clock loudly ticking. How does
the student process different stimuli in order to focus on the desired task? - ANSWER-
The student filters stimuli through the cocktail party effect.
A student reads these two sentences: A dog was running. It slipped and fell. which
thought process is an example of an anaphoric inference? - ANSWER-The student
infers that the word "it" refers to the dog
A student started a new club for their school and is thinking of ways to increase
participation. Which scenario is based on the student's use of analogical transfer? -
ANSWER-The student uses colorful flyers to advertise the club because they remember
that this strategy previously led to increased school voting.
A team of computer programmers is trying to find a solution to fix a problem with their
company's email system. After working on the problem for several hours, they have yet
to solve it. How can the programmers use incubation to solve the problem? - ANSWER-
, The programmers agree to take a 2 hour lunch break, and once they return, they come
up with several possible solutions
A teenager's car won't start because the battery is drained after leaving the headlights
on overnight. He realizes he needs jumper cables after recalling a childhood memory of
his parents jump-starting the family car after the battery died. Which recognition and
memory retrieval processes were involved in this problem-solving? - ANSWER-Noticing,
mapping, and applying
A traveler can attend to what the hotel's concierge says about lunch options based on
how loudly they are speaking, while disregarding other verbal communications
happening in the noisy lobby. How is Broadbent's model of attention used in this
scenario? - ANSWER-The traveler uses filtering to focus on the lunch options over the
lobby noise
abuse potential - ANSWER-likelihood that a substance can be misused or lead to
dependence
acetylcholine - ANSWER-neurotransmitter involved in motor neurons and central
nervous system arousal and reward mechanisms
action potential - ANSWER-propagated electrical potential responsible for transmitting
neural information and for communication between neurons. Action potentials typically
travel down a neuron's axon
adaptive process - ANSWER-process that contributes to an organism's ability to adjust
to its environment and enhance its changes of survival
addictive disorders - ANSWER-conditions characterized by compulsive drug use
despite adverse consequences, as described in the DSM-5
agonist - ANSWER-substance that facilitates the activity of a neurotransmitter system
all basic sensations involved in creating experience - ANSWER-periodic table of
elements
All of the dogs are hungry. some hungry animals are aggressive. Some of the dogs are
aggressive. What causes some people to mistakenly think this is a valid syllogism? -
ANSWER-a syllogism is valid due to the belief bias
An engineer notices a colleague's leaking cup and then thinks about how paper
degrades and applies this observation to a design for planter pots that leave no carbon
footprint. Which method does the engineer apply to solve the problem of designing their
product in this scenario? - ANSWER-The engineer applied analogical reasoning that
considers semantic knowledge and observations of how others solve problems while
designing their product.
A basketball coach is judging two potential players for recruitment and presumes that
the taller athlete is more talented than the shorter one. What thought process does the
coach utilize? - ANSWER-A stereotype about height and performance
A brother and sister are arguing over who should get the last slice of pizza. How do the
siblings use the trade-off strategy to decide who get s the last piece of pizza? -
ANSWER-the brother realizes that he wants the pepperoni topping and sister wants the
crust, so he takes pepperoni and she takes crust.
A child hears the following sentence: "The driver slowed down, looked in the mirror,
then stopped the car." Which cognitive process demonstrates a lexical priming? -
ANSWER-the child processes the word car quickly because it is related to driver.
A child reads the following incorrect sentence: "The car was traceling down the hills
were beautiful." Which cognitive process illustrates the garden path model of parsing? -
ANSWER-The child changes their mind from the subject being the car to the hills
A child reads the following incorrect sentence: "The car was traveling down the hills
were beautiful." Which cognitive process illustrates casual inference? - ANSWER-The
child infers that the hills being beautiful are caused by the motion of the moving car
A community construction project is proposed in two different ways to an
environmentally conscious audience. Group A is told that only 20% of the trees will be
torn down, while group B is told that 80% of the trees will be saved. Which statement
accurately describes the groups' anticipated responses to the community project, based
on the principles of the framing effect? - ANSWER-Group B is more likely to favor the
project since the focus is on retention and gain of 80% of the trees, rather than the 20%
loss of trees.
A first-year university student readily makes new friends with their engineering
classmates. The student assumes that all engineers must be outgoing like their
classmates. How does this case demonstrate misuse of the representativeness
heuristic? - ANSWER-The student shows a bias involving a small sample of the
population.
A group is asked to solve a complex puzzle by first stating its complex rules. Then later,
the puzzle is re-explained more simply, leading to a higher rate of success. How would
understanding the aspects of reasoning affect perception of the problem? - ANSWER-
By considering how context of presentation influences judgment
A hiker walks along a trail looking for a spot for a picture when an unseen snake hisses
from the nearby woods. Which statement is true regarding the hiker's ability to notice
the snake? - ANSWER-They will notice the snake's hiss if they recognize it as a danger
signal
,A journalist interviews a painter and asks, how do you paint with such skill? Which
response from the artist demonstrates expert-induced amnesia? - ANSWER-i dont
know exactly. i dont think about it. i just know how to do it when i do it.
A kindergarten student is trying to solve a handheld maze. The student focuses on the
last step of the maze, causing them to miss earlier steps. What process describes why
the student has a difficult time discovering the first step required to solve the maze? -
ANSWER-Fixation causes the student to focus too much on the last part of the maze
and to overlook important steps at the beginning
A musician is having a difficult time composing a new song. They spend a week
camping alone in the mountains, completing the song while in the wilderness. How can
the musician's solitude contribute to this creativity and solve the problem? - ANSWER-
The musician could avoid distractions and find space to think, allowing them to generate
new ideas.
A person is enjoying a day at the beach. They hear children playing see the ocean
waves feel the warm sun taste the salty air and smell sunscreen. Which state of
consciousness is this person experiencing? - ANSWER-wakeful state
A person is recalling an event that started a war. Which scenario describes a flashbulb
memory? - ANSWER-Person can recall the goosebumps they felt when they first heard
about the war events on a new broadcast
A person is studying a list of names of pastries for their new job at a bakery. Which
example shows the interaction between the deep processing strategies of generation
and self-reference? - ANSWER-The person creates flashcards for the names of the
pastries, pairing each with an estimate of how appetizing the pastry appears.
A person is studying a list of types of fish for a wildlife test that will occur in one week.
Which example illustrates the combined long-term memory encoding strategies of visual
imagery and organization? - ANSWER-The person imagines each fish on a tree
structure corresponding to categories of fish types.
A person is trying to recall the names of a set of seven actors whose pictures were
briefly presented upside down. What explains how the episodic buffer enhances
working memory in this scenario? - ANSWER-The episodic buffer connects with long-
term memory of the actors' faces and names, bringing content into working memory.
A person is viewing an apartment they want to rent. Which example demonstrates the
difference between overt and covert attention in this situation? - ANSWER-person
rapidly moves their eyes to different objects in the apartment instead of keeping their
eyes still.
,A person is walking and talking with a friend in the woods. How does the visuospatial
sketch pad differ from the phonological loop according to Baddeley's model of working
memory? - ANSWER-The visuospatial sketch pad holds information about potential
hazards, whereas the phonological loop holds information related to the friend's words.
A person plans to attend a reception later that night and needs to select an out for the
event. Which statement demonstrates an automatic decision for the person? -
ANSWER-They quickly decide on an outfit they typically wear to events without being
consciously aware that they selected it.
A person recalls a fond childhood memory after walking past a garden of fragrant roses.
Which type of memory is demonstrated in this scenario? - ANSWER-Autobiographical
memory
A person surprises themself in recalling the name of an artist most have not heard of.
Which process occurs when the person tries to remember how they learned that fact? -
ANSWER-Source monitoring
A person went on a trip to the ocean. Which example shows the concept of
autobiographical memory as an integration of episodic and semantic memories for this
scenario? - ANSWER-The person remembers jumping in the waves and the outdoor
temperature that day.
A researcher presents a video of a street intersection and asks that participants count
how many people walked through the intersection. In the video, a limousine passes
through the intersection. Which example would demonstrated in-attentional blindness? -
ANSWER-Some participants do not notice the limousine because they are focused on
the people
A student is in a study lounge watching a video for a class and can fuly focus on the
video despite people chatting in the background and a clock loudly ticking. How does
the student process different stimuli in order to focus on the desired task? - ANSWER-
The student filters stimuli through the cocktail party effect.
A student reads these two sentences: A dog was running. It slipped and fell. which
thought process is an example of an anaphoric inference? - ANSWER-The student
infers that the word "it" refers to the dog
A student started a new club for their school and is thinking of ways to increase
participation. Which scenario is based on the student's use of analogical transfer? -
ANSWER-The student uses colorful flyers to advertise the club because they remember
that this strategy previously led to increased school voting.
A team of computer programmers is trying to find a solution to fix a problem with their
company's email system. After working on the problem for several hours, they have yet
to solve it. How can the programmers use incubation to solve the problem? - ANSWER-
, The programmers agree to take a 2 hour lunch break, and once they return, they come
up with several possible solutions
A teenager's car won't start because the battery is drained after leaving the headlights
on overnight. He realizes he needs jumper cables after recalling a childhood memory of
his parents jump-starting the family car after the battery died. Which recognition and
memory retrieval processes were involved in this problem-solving? - ANSWER-Noticing,
mapping, and applying
A traveler can attend to what the hotel's concierge says about lunch options based on
how loudly they are speaking, while disregarding other verbal communications
happening in the noisy lobby. How is Broadbent's model of attention used in this
scenario? - ANSWER-The traveler uses filtering to focus on the lunch options over the
lobby noise
abuse potential - ANSWER-likelihood that a substance can be misused or lead to
dependence
acetylcholine - ANSWER-neurotransmitter involved in motor neurons and central
nervous system arousal and reward mechanisms
action potential - ANSWER-propagated electrical potential responsible for transmitting
neural information and for communication between neurons. Action potentials typically
travel down a neuron's axon
adaptive process - ANSWER-process that contributes to an organism's ability to adjust
to its environment and enhance its changes of survival
addictive disorders - ANSWER-conditions characterized by compulsive drug use
despite adverse consequences, as described in the DSM-5
agonist - ANSWER-substance that facilitates the activity of a neurotransmitter system
all basic sensations involved in creating experience - ANSWER-periodic table of
elements
All of the dogs are hungry. some hungry animals are aggressive. Some of the dogs are
aggressive. What causes some people to mistakenly think this is a valid syllogism? -
ANSWER-a syllogism is valid due to the belief bias
An engineer notices a colleague's leaking cup and then thinks about how paper
degrades and applies this observation to a design for planter pots that leave no carbon
footprint. Which method does the engineer apply to solve the problem of designing their
product in this scenario? - ANSWER-The engineer applied analogical reasoning that
considers semantic knowledge and observations of how others solve problems while
designing their product.
