BIOS 251 Chapter 5 Latest Exam
Questions With Correct Solutions.
integumentary system - Answer is composed of the skin, hair, oil and sweat glands, nails, and
sensory receptors.
skin - Answer also known as the cutaneous membrane, covers the external surface of the body
and is the largest organ of the body in weight
epidermis - Answer superficial, thinner portion, which is composed of epithelial tissue,
avascular
dermis - Answer deeper, thicker connective tissue portion, vascular
hypodermis - Answer also known as the subcutaneous layer, this layer consists of areolar and
adipose tissues
functions of integumentary system - Answer 1. Regulates body temperature.
2. Stores blood.
3. Protects body from external environment.
4. Detects cutaneous sensations.
5. Excretes and absorbs substances.
6. Synthesizes vitamin D.
keratinocyte - Answer about 90% of epidermal cells, which are arranged in four or five layers
and produce the protein keratin
, melanin - Answer is a yellow-red or brown-black pigment that contributes to skin color and
absorbs damaging ultraviolet (UV) light
langerhans cells - Answer arise from red bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis,
constitute small portion of epidermal cells, they participate in immune responses and are easily
damaged by UV light; also known as intraepidermal macrophages
merkel cells - Answer are the least numerous of the epidermal cells, they are located in the
deepest layer of the epidermis, where they contact the flattened process of a sensory neuron
(nerve cell), a structure called a tactile disc or Merkel disc; associated with touch sensation; also
known as tactile epithelial cells
thin skin - Answer four stratum layers - stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum
granulosum, and a thin stratum corneum
thick skin - Answer five stratum layers - stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum
granulosum, stratum lucidum, and a thick stratum corneum
stratum basale - Answer Deepest layer, composed of single row of cuboidal or columnar
keratinocytes that contain scattered keratin intermediate filaments (tonofilaments); stem cells
undergo cell division to produce new keratinocytes; melanocytes and tactile epithelial cells
associated with tactile discs are scattered among keratinocytes.
stratum spinosum - Answer Eight to ten rows of many-sided keratinocytes with bundles of
keratin intermediate filaments; contains projections of melanocytes and intraepidermal
macrophages.
stratum granulosum - Answer Three to five rows of flattened keratinocytes, in which
organelles are beginning to degenerate; cells contain the protein keratohyalin (converts keratin
intermediate filaments into keratin) and lamellar granules (release lipid-rich, water-repellent
secretion).
stratum lucidum - Answer Present only in skin of fingertips, palms, and soles; consists of four
to six rows of clear, flat, dead keratinocytes with large amounts of keratin.
stratum corneum - Answer Few to 50 or more rows of dead, flat keratinocytes that contain
Questions With Correct Solutions.
integumentary system - Answer is composed of the skin, hair, oil and sweat glands, nails, and
sensory receptors.
skin - Answer also known as the cutaneous membrane, covers the external surface of the body
and is the largest organ of the body in weight
epidermis - Answer superficial, thinner portion, which is composed of epithelial tissue,
avascular
dermis - Answer deeper, thicker connective tissue portion, vascular
hypodermis - Answer also known as the subcutaneous layer, this layer consists of areolar and
adipose tissues
functions of integumentary system - Answer 1. Regulates body temperature.
2. Stores blood.
3. Protects body from external environment.
4. Detects cutaneous sensations.
5. Excretes and absorbs substances.
6. Synthesizes vitamin D.
keratinocyte - Answer about 90% of epidermal cells, which are arranged in four or five layers
and produce the protein keratin
, melanin - Answer is a yellow-red or brown-black pigment that contributes to skin color and
absorbs damaging ultraviolet (UV) light
langerhans cells - Answer arise from red bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis,
constitute small portion of epidermal cells, they participate in immune responses and are easily
damaged by UV light; also known as intraepidermal macrophages
merkel cells - Answer are the least numerous of the epidermal cells, they are located in the
deepest layer of the epidermis, where they contact the flattened process of a sensory neuron
(nerve cell), a structure called a tactile disc or Merkel disc; associated with touch sensation; also
known as tactile epithelial cells
thin skin - Answer four stratum layers - stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum
granulosum, and a thin stratum corneum
thick skin - Answer five stratum layers - stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum
granulosum, stratum lucidum, and a thick stratum corneum
stratum basale - Answer Deepest layer, composed of single row of cuboidal or columnar
keratinocytes that contain scattered keratin intermediate filaments (tonofilaments); stem cells
undergo cell division to produce new keratinocytes; melanocytes and tactile epithelial cells
associated with tactile discs are scattered among keratinocytes.
stratum spinosum - Answer Eight to ten rows of many-sided keratinocytes with bundles of
keratin intermediate filaments; contains projections of melanocytes and intraepidermal
macrophages.
stratum granulosum - Answer Three to five rows of flattened keratinocytes, in which
organelles are beginning to degenerate; cells contain the protein keratohyalin (converts keratin
intermediate filaments into keratin) and lamellar granules (release lipid-rich, water-repellent
secretion).
stratum lucidum - Answer Present only in skin of fingertips, palms, and soles; consists of four
to six rows of clear, flat, dead keratinocytes with large amounts of keratin.
stratum corneum - Answer Few to 50 or more rows of dead, flat keratinocytes that contain
