BTEC APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT 1
CHEMISTRY ACTUAL ANSWER AND
VALIDATED.
Why do metals have such high melting points? - CorreCt Answers -Strong
force of attraction between positive ions and delocalised electrons. This
requires a large amount of energy to overcome.
State the two factors that affect the strength of metallic bonding - CorreCt
Answers -Size of ion
Charge on ion
Explain how the charge on metal ions affects the strength of the metallic
bond - CorreCt Answers -The larger the +ve charge the greater the
attraction between the nucleus and the delocalised electrons
Explain how the size of the metal ions affects the strength of the metallic
bond - CorreCt Answers -The smaller the +ve ion the closer the nucleus is
to the delocalised electrons creating a greater attraction
Explain why metals conduct electricity - CorreCt Answers -The delocalised
electrons 'carry' charge. Current flows because of this.
Explain why metals conduct heat - CorreCt Answers -Particles are paced
tightly so kinetic energy is passed from ion to ion. The delocalised electrons
also enable heat to be passed.
,Explain why metals are ductile and malleable - CorreCt Answers -The
lattice structure allows layers of metal ions to slide over each other without
disrupting bonding
Name the 3 forces between molecules - CorreCt Answers -Van der Waals
Permanent dipole-dipole
Hydrogen bonds
Order the 3 forces between molecules in order of strongest to weakest -
CorreCt Answers -Hydrogen bonds
Permanent dipole-dipole
Van der Waals
How are Van der Waal's forces formed? - CorreCt Answers -Electrons move
to one side, caused temporary dipole. This induces a temporary dipole in
neighbouring molecules. Attraction occurs between oppositely charged
dipoles
In what molecules do Van der Waal's forces exist? - CorreCt Answers -Non-
polar molecules
How are permanent dipole-dipole forces formed? - CorreCt Answers -
Permanent dipole in one molecule attracts oppositely charged permanent
dipole in neighbouring molecule
In which molecules do permanent dipole-dipole forces exist? - CorreCt
Answers -Polar molecules
,Which elements must be present for hydrogen bonds to exist? - CorreCt
Answers -Hydrogen and either nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine
What is meant by the term displacement? - CorreCt Answers -When a more
reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element in a compound
State the equation for determining moles - CorreCt Answers -Moles = mass
÷ relative atomic mass (molar mass)
Define the term Avogadro's Constant - CorreCt Answers -The number of
atoms in a mole of a given substance. Quoted as 6.02x10^23
Define the term relative atomic mass - CorreCt Answers -The average mass
of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th the relative atomic mass of
Carbon12
Define the term relative molecular mass - CorreCt Answers -The average
mass of a molecule relative to 1/12th the relative atomic mass of Carbon12
What does this number represent? 6.02x10^23 - CorreCt Answers -The
number of particles in a mole. Commonly called Avogadro's Constant
What is the equation for calculating % yield? - CorreCt Answers -% yield =
(actual yield ÷ theoretical yield) x 100
, What groups are included in the 's' block of the periodic table? - CorreCt
Answers -Groups 1 and 2
What part of the periodic table is known as the 'd' block? - CorreCt Answers
-Transition metals
Which groups are in the 'p' block of the periodic table? - CorreCt Answers -
3, 4, 5, 6 and 7
What is a group on the periodic table? - CorreCt Answers -A vertical
column
What is a period on the periodic table? - CorreCt Answers -A horizontal row
Define the term first ionisation energy - CorreCt Answers -The energy
required to remove the outermost electron from one mole of gaseous atoms
to produce one mole of gaseous +1 ions
Define the term atomic radius - CorreCt Answers -The distance between the
nucleus of an atom and the outermost electron
Define the term electronegativity - CorreCt Answers -A measure of how well
an atom attracts a bonding pair of electrons in a covalent bond
Define the term malleability - CorreCt Answers -How easily a material can
be hammered into shape
CHEMISTRY ACTUAL ANSWER AND
VALIDATED.
Why do metals have such high melting points? - CorreCt Answers -Strong
force of attraction between positive ions and delocalised electrons. This
requires a large amount of energy to overcome.
State the two factors that affect the strength of metallic bonding - CorreCt
Answers -Size of ion
Charge on ion
Explain how the charge on metal ions affects the strength of the metallic
bond - CorreCt Answers -The larger the +ve charge the greater the
attraction between the nucleus and the delocalised electrons
Explain how the size of the metal ions affects the strength of the metallic
bond - CorreCt Answers -The smaller the +ve ion the closer the nucleus is
to the delocalised electrons creating a greater attraction
Explain why metals conduct electricity - CorreCt Answers -The delocalised
electrons 'carry' charge. Current flows because of this.
Explain why metals conduct heat - CorreCt Answers -Particles are paced
tightly so kinetic energy is passed from ion to ion. The delocalised electrons
also enable heat to be passed.
,Explain why metals are ductile and malleable - CorreCt Answers -The
lattice structure allows layers of metal ions to slide over each other without
disrupting bonding
Name the 3 forces between molecules - CorreCt Answers -Van der Waals
Permanent dipole-dipole
Hydrogen bonds
Order the 3 forces between molecules in order of strongest to weakest -
CorreCt Answers -Hydrogen bonds
Permanent dipole-dipole
Van der Waals
How are Van der Waal's forces formed? - CorreCt Answers -Electrons move
to one side, caused temporary dipole. This induces a temporary dipole in
neighbouring molecules. Attraction occurs between oppositely charged
dipoles
In what molecules do Van der Waal's forces exist? - CorreCt Answers -Non-
polar molecules
How are permanent dipole-dipole forces formed? - CorreCt Answers -
Permanent dipole in one molecule attracts oppositely charged permanent
dipole in neighbouring molecule
In which molecules do permanent dipole-dipole forces exist? - CorreCt
Answers -Polar molecules
,Which elements must be present for hydrogen bonds to exist? - CorreCt
Answers -Hydrogen and either nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine
What is meant by the term displacement? - CorreCt Answers -When a more
reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element in a compound
State the equation for determining moles - CorreCt Answers -Moles = mass
÷ relative atomic mass (molar mass)
Define the term Avogadro's Constant - CorreCt Answers -The number of
atoms in a mole of a given substance. Quoted as 6.02x10^23
Define the term relative atomic mass - CorreCt Answers -The average mass
of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th the relative atomic mass of
Carbon12
Define the term relative molecular mass - CorreCt Answers -The average
mass of a molecule relative to 1/12th the relative atomic mass of Carbon12
What does this number represent? 6.02x10^23 - CorreCt Answers -The
number of particles in a mole. Commonly called Avogadro's Constant
What is the equation for calculating % yield? - CorreCt Answers -% yield =
(actual yield ÷ theoretical yield) x 100
, What groups are included in the 's' block of the periodic table? - CorreCt
Answers -Groups 1 and 2
What part of the periodic table is known as the 'd' block? - CorreCt Answers
-Transition metals
Which groups are in the 'p' block of the periodic table? - CorreCt Answers -
3, 4, 5, 6 and 7
What is a group on the periodic table? - CorreCt Answers -A vertical
column
What is a period on the periodic table? - CorreCt Answers -A horizontal row
Define the term first ionisation energy - CorreCt Answers -The energy
required to remove the outermost electron from one mole of gaseous atoms
to produce one mole of gaseous +1 ions
Define the term atomic radius - CorreCt Answers -The distance between the
nucleus of an atom and the outermost electron
Define the term electronegativity - CorreCt Answers -A measure of how well
an atom attracts a bonding pair of electrons in a covalent bond
Define the term malleability - CorreCt Answers -How easily a material can
be hammered into shape
