,COM3703 Assignment 3 PORTFOLIO (COMPLETE ANSWERS) semester 1
2025 DUE April 2025;100% CORRECT AND TRUSTED SOLUTIONS
2 QUANTITATIVE CONTENT ANALYSIS (35)
To answer the questions below, you must refer back to the scenario in Assignment
01.
2.1
Discuss the concepts of reliability and validity and explain how you will ensure
validity and reliability for the study. (6)
[25 per cent deduction for not referencing sources]
Reliability refers to the consistency and replicability of the
measurement process. In content analysis, this means ensuring that the
coding of data is consistent across different coders (inter-coder
reliability) and across time (test-retest reliability).
Validity is the extent to which a study accurately measures what it
intends to measure. In content analysis, validity ensures that the coding
categories meaningfully represent the phenomena under study.
Ensuring Reliability and Validity:
Pre-testing: A pilot coding of a small sample of newspaper articles
will be conducted to refine the coding sheet and instructions.
Codebook: A detailed codebook will be developed with clear
definitions and examples for each category to ensure consistency.
Inter-coder reliability: If more than one coder is used,
Krippendorff’s alpha or Cohen’s kappa will be calculated.
Triangulation: Comparing results with existing studies to check
for consistency.
Clear operational definitions: The key terms and categories (e.g.,
crime, health) will be defined based on scholarly sources to ensure
construct validity.
Reference: Wigston, D. 2017. Media Studies: Content, audiences and
production. Pretoria: Oxford University Press.
, 2.2
Code the newspapers that you have chosen by placing your units of analysis into
the categories. You must include a counting/tally sheet. The coding must indicate
the categories and their respective units. (6)
Example of Code Categories (Topic: Crime Coverage in
Newspapers):
Article Type of Tone of Geographic
Newspaper
ID Crime Reporting Focus
1 Daily Sun Violent Crime Negative Local
Economic
2 The Star Neutral National
Crime
... ... ... ... ...
Tally Sheet Example:
Category Tally Total
Type of Crime
Violent Crime
Economic Crime
Sexual Crime
Other
Tone of Reporting
Negative
Neutral
Positive
Geographic Focus
Local
National
International
2025 DUE April 2025;100% CORRECT AND TRUSTED SOLUTIONS
2 QUANTITATIVE CONTENT ANALYSIS (35)
To answer the questions below, you must refer back to the scenario in Assignment
01.
2.1
Discuss the concepts of reliability and validity and explain how you will ensure
validity and reliability for the study. (6)
[25 per cent deduction for not referencing sources]
Reliability refers to the consistency and replicability of the
measurement process. In content analysis, this means ensuring that the
coding of data is consistent across different coders (inter-coder
reliability) and across time (test-retest reliability).
Validity is the extent to which a study accurately measures what it
intends to measure. In content analysis, validity ensures that the coding
categories meaningfully represent the phenomena under study.
Ensuring Reliability and Validity:
Pre-testing: A pilot coding of a small sample of newspaper articles
will be conducted to refine the coding sheet and instructions.
Codebook: A detailed codebook will be developed with clear
definitions and examples for each category to ensure consistency.
Inter-coder reliability: If more than one coder is used,
Krippendorff’s alpha or Cohen’s kappa will be calculated.
Triangulation: Comparing results with existing studies to check
for consistency.
Clear operational definitions: The key terms and categories (e.g.,
crime, health) will be defined based on scholarly sources to ensure
construct validity.
Reference: Wigston, D. 2017. Media Studies: Content, audiences and
production. Pretoria: Oxford University Press.
, 2.2
Code the newspapers that you have chosen by placing your units of analysis into
the categories. You must include a counting/tally sheet. The coding must indicate
the categories and their respective units. (6)
Example of Code Categories (Topic: Crime Coverage in
Newspapers):
Article Type of Tone of Geographic
Newspaper
ID Crime Reporting Focus
1 Daily Sun Violent Crime Negative Local
Economic
2 The Star Neutral National
Crime
... ... ... ... ...
Tally Sheet Example:
Category Tally Total
Type of Crime
Violent Crime
Economic Crime
Sexual Crime
Other
Tone of Reporting
Negative
Neutral
Positive
Geographic Focus
Local
National
International
